The impact of work family conflict on the career growth of female employees in Chinese context

ZHANG XIAO 가천대학교 일반대학원 2022 국내박사

Abstract The impact of work family conflict on the career growth of female employees in Chinese context Zhang Xiao Supervised by Prof. Yi Yang Dept. of Global Business & Entrepreneurship Graduate School of Gachon University In recent years, the career growth of employees is more and more important. It is worth noting that gender differences tend to fade in the competition for talents compared with the last century. With the rapid development of society, more and more women are becoming independent, which is especially reflected in the continuous improvement of women’s participation rate in the social labor force. The career growth of female employees also cannot be ignored. In the modern society, the expectations and requirements for women's roles are increasing. They are not only expected to play the role of good wife and mother, but also they are expected to make contributions at work. Therefore, the women face an increasingly serious dilemma between family and work. In China, there has been a cultural concept of male superiority over female superiority for a long time because of the Confucian culture. Based on the still dominant traditional division of gender roles, the burden of family education and domestic affairs still falls mainly on women. With the aging of the population, the comprehensive implementation of the two-child policy, the introduction of the three-child policy and the rising proportion of dual-worker families and other social phenomena tend to be normal, the female employees’ work and family roles demand pressures continue to increase. It is hard for them to balance work and family roles with the limited time and energy. Thus, the work family conflict problem is becoming more and more seriously. The serious work family conflict not only affects the women’s physical and mental health, but also it hinders the career growth of female employees. For the current research, the female employees’ career growth from a role conflict perspective research is still inadequate. It is necessary to expand the research. In view of this, this study uses the existing theories to answer and explain the work and family problems faced by female employees in the current society. The study included 2 sub-studies. In the first study, we explored the cross-effects of work family segmentation preference on work family two-way conflict and work family facilitation among female employees based on boundary theory. With the development of the mobile internet technology and the wide popularity of all kinds of convenient mobile devices, the boundary between work and non-work fields is increasingly blurred, and the interaction between the two fields is more close than before. Family is a very important non-work area in people’s life, and the interaction between work and family is complicated. There are both negative and positive, the negative relations, namely “work family conflict”, and positive relations, namely “work family positive spillover”. In this study, we study the effects of preferred segmentation of the work domain from the family domain on women’s work family two-way conflict and work family facilitation. In the second study, the data of 331 female professional employees were collected from the perspective of work family two-way conflict. The factors such as organization support, family support, job involvement and female career growth are taken as the moderating, mediating and outcome variables of the study. A model is established to analyze the direct influence mechanism of work family conflict of two-way influence on women’s career growth. Firstly, it integrates and sorts out various variables, and fully combines the research status, puts forward the research hypothesis, and establishes the theoretical model on this basis. Secondly, a small sample survey questionnaire is prepared, and we make the final questionnaire on the basis of the initial small sample survey questionnaire. Then, we distribute the questionnaire on line in order to collect the data . Finally, using the SPSS22.0 data processing tool to test the reliability, validity and other aspects of the effective questionnaire, analysis the data and vertify the hypothesis step by step. The results showed that: (1) Work family segmentation preference is negatively related with work family conflict. (2) Work family segmentation preference is negatively related with family work conflict. (3) Work family segmentation preference is positively related with work family facilitation. (4) Work family two-way conflict has a significant negative impact on the career growth of female employees. (5) Job involvement plays a mediating role in the influence mechanism of work family two-way conflict and career growth of female employees. (6) The relationship between work family two-way conflict and job involvement can be directly influenced by the moderating effect of family support and organization support. This study suggests that female employees can adjust themselves to balance work and family, reduce work family conflict and improve work family facilitation. Family support from spouse, parents and relatives can well alleviate work family conflict, so that female employees can devote themselves to work and contribute to their career growth. Enterprises should actively care about and attach importance to the career growth of female employees, provide fair career growth conditions and environment for female employees, take targeted actions, increase social humanistic care for female employees, and further build policies in line with the career growth of female employees.

중국인을 위한 한국어 초급 발음 교재 구성 방안

ZHANG, XIAO XIAO 이화여자대학교 대학원 2018 국내석사

의사소통을 목적으로 외국어를 학습할 때 학습자가 가장 먼저 학습해야 할 것은 목표어를 발음하는 방법에 관한 내용이다. 발음은 외국어 능력의 척도와 같이 인식된다. 발음이 주는 첫인상으로 외국어 능력의 정확성과 유창성의 정도를 흔히 판단하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 한국어와 중국어의 음운 체계를 대조하여 중국인 학습자의 한국어 발음 오류를 예측해 보고, 실제 중국인 학습자의 한국어 발음을 조사하고 오류를 분석하였다. 그리고 기존 한국어 교재를 분석하여 각 교재의 장단점을 살펴보았다. 이를 바탕으로 중국인 학습자를 위한 발음 교재 개발 방안을 제시해 보았다. 본 연구에서 음운 대조를 위해 분석한 네 가지 교재는 널리 사용되는 교재이지만 장·단점이 있다. 기존 교재를 분석해 보면 교재의 내용 제시 순서나 학습자들의 학습 난이도를 고려하지 못하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 그러므로 교재의 단원 구성은 체계적이고 단계적으로 구성할 필요가 있다. 다음으로 중국인 학습자를 대상으로 한국어 발음 교재 개발을 위한 중국인 학습자 요구 조사를 실시하였다. 중국인 학습자를 대상으로 한 연구 결과 중국인 학습자들은 음운에 대해 주로 오류가 나타났는데 한국어의 평음, 경음, 격음과 모음‘ㅗ, ㅜ, ㅓ’에 대한 잘못된 인식으로 생기는 오류가 있었다. 그리고 학습자가 모국어의 영향으로 발음을 혼동하는 오류가 나타났다. 음운 규칙에 나타나는 오류는 주로 ‘ㄴ’첨가, 자음동화, 구개음화, 유기음화(격음화)가 발견되었다. 기존 교재 분석을 바탕으로 실제 발음 교재 구성 방안을 제시하였다. 본고에서는 박숙희(2013)가 주장한 교수 학습 모형을 참조하고 실제 설문 조사 결과를 바탕으로 단원 구성을 제시하였다. 발음 교재의 단원 구성은 실제 발음 지도 단계를 구성하여‘도입 →학습목표 →제시 →연습 →정리’다섯 단계로 이루어진다. 중국인 학습자를 위한 발음 교재를 보다 효과적이고 실용적으로 한국어 교육을 하는 데 목적을 두고 중국인 학습자를 위한 발음 교재 개발 방안을 제시해 보았다. The language learner shall learn about the pronunciation method for the target language at the beginning while learning the language for the purpose of communication. Pronunciation can be a measure of foreign language ability; and it is often impressed first by pronunciation to determine the correctness and fluency of foreign language proficiency. In this study, a comparative analysis of the phonological systems of Korean and Chinese was carried out. Based on this analysis, it is predicted the pronounce errors Chinese may have while learning Korean. Meanwhile, it has also investigates the Chinese who actually study Korean and has analyzed the errors ;In addition, it has carried out the research and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of various textbooks, and based on this analysis, tentative suggestions are made for the development of pronunciation textbooks for Chinese learning Korean. By comparing the phonetics between Korean and Chinese, we find out the differences between the vowel and consonants in Korean and Chinese. Based on this result, it has predicted the vowels and consonants the Chinese learning Korean may read wrongly. As for consonants, the Chinese generally do not make any distinction between the three consonants of flat, hard and soprano. Therefore, it is necessary to fully grasp the characteristics of these categories before preparing Korean pronunciation training of Korean textbooks ;As for vowels, Chinese pronounce for vowels that exist only in Korean sounds like ‘ㅡ, ㅢ’, which are listed separately in the textbook for pronunciation, and indicating the location of the tongue when the sound is pronounced in pictures should be more effective for those who learn Korean. Through the comparative analysis of phonological aspects of the four textbooks, it is found that the four textbooks are widely used and have their advantages, but there are also shortcomings to be improved. I hope that the analysis and summary of the advantages and disadvantages of the four textbooks will be helpful to development of effective Korean pronunciation teaching materials. Through the analysis of the existing teaching materials, we can understand that if failure to taking into account of the learning difficulty while compiling the textbook in the aspects of content suggestion and order, so it is necessary to systematically organize the textbooks in stages. It has carried out the research on the requirements for development of Korean pronunciation textbook aiming at Chinese who learn Korean. A survey conducted by Chinese as a target audience through Korean learning found that phonological errors commonly found among Chinese people are mainly in their misunderstanding in plain, hard, accent and vowel sounds in Korean consonants ‘ㅗ, ㅜ, ㅓ’; Moreover, mistake of confusing pronunciation arising from the influence of his mother tongue; the mistakes made in phonological rules are mainly the bad mastery of ‘ㄴ’ addition, the assimilation of consonants, the sounding of the cover and the sounding of aspirating. On the basis of the analysis of the existing textbooks, it has put forward the structure plan of the real pronunciation textbook. Based on the teaching-learning model taught by Bak Suk Hui and Ju Jang Hun, this paper proposes the unit structure based on the results of the actual questionnaire. The unitary structure of the pronunciation textbook constitutes the guidance stage of the real human voice, which is composed of five stages of ‘import → learning target → prompt → contact → summary’. The purpose of this paper is to provide more practical and practical Korean language training than the existing pronunciation textbooks to Chinese who are learning Korean and tentatively put forward a proposal for the development of Chinese pronunciation textbook for Korean learners.

Nano- and Micro-Scaled Zinc Oxide and Ni and Co Doped Zinc Oxide Materials: Shape-Controlled Syntheses and Characterizations : Zinc Oxide와 Ni, Co가 도핑된 Zinc Oxide 나노 및 마이크로 크기의 물질 : 형상제어 합성 및 특성 연구

Xiao Li Zhang 부경대학교 대학원 2008 국내박사

In the present study, perpendicular side-faceted zinc oxide nanorod, one-dimensional zinc nickel oxide solid solution, nickel and cobalt doped zinc oxide hollow spheres were successfully fabricated through facile one-pot template-free solvothermal methods. A surfactant-directed solvothermal synthesis approach has been successfully demonstrated on fabricating large scale of ZnO hybrid materials with diverse morphologies in a simple ethanol solution. 1. A novel route to the rational fabrication of narrow one-dimensional ZnO nanocrystals with perpendicular side facets is demonstrated in alcoholic solutions. The synthesis involves no-template or no-substrate solution method, which still allows the oriented growth of ZnO nanostructures at large-scale, low-cost, and moderate temperatures. The management consists of monitoring of the nucleation, growth, and aging processes by means of chemical and solvent control of the interfacial free energy. It enables the control of the size of nano-, meso-, and microcrystallites with various aspects from cubes to rods, wires, and belts. 2. A novel facile method has been demonstrated for large-scale synthesis of zinc oxide based one-dimensional solid solution with a series percentage of nickel dopant. The obtained Zn1-xNixO nanorods were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction and energy dispersed X-ray spectroscopy. The result shows that the obtained Zn1-xNixO nanorods are single crystalline with the Ni2+ dopants occupying tetraheral Zn2+ cation sites of wurtzite ZnO. Moreover, the Zn1-xNixO nanorods exhibit robust high-Curie-Temperature (TC) ferromagnetism at 300 K. 3. This chapter describes a template-free solvothermal treatment of precursors in methanol solvent leading to the formation of transition-metal-doped zinc oxide spheres and hollow spheres is reported. The synthesis includes hydrolysis of metal salts, spontaneous aggregation and localized Ostwald ripening in an alcohol solvent. Electron microscopy observation and X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the mesoscale hollow spheres with uniform in size and shape and highly crystalline structures are finely doped with transition metals such as nickel or cobalt. Magnetic hysteresis loops reveal robust coercivities at 300 K, indicating high-Tc ferromagnetism in the system. 4. A novel surfactant-directed process is successfully developed for morphology control on ZnO hybrid materials with distinctive shapes ranging from mushroom, bi-hemispheres, dumbbell, bi-layer hexagonal disks, to flower-like aggregated sheets. Replacing of the conventional oil-water system, a simple alcohol-water surfactant system is employed that provides a more environmental benign and bio-safe approach. Moreover, the remarkable ZnO hybrid materials and facile method demonstrated here not only expand the material morphologies but also provide a new approach to explore the materials for physical and chemical properties and technological applications. 이 연구에서는 산화아연 그리고 나노와 마이크로 크기의 물질로 이루어진 산화아연의 형상을 제어한 합성방법이 실험적으로 연구되었다. 수직면으로 이루어진 산화아연 나노로드, 1차원 zinc nickel oxide 고체용액, Ni와 Co가 첨가된 ZnO 중공구체가 간단한 용매열 과정에 의하여 성공적으로 제조되었다. 이 합성은 형판과 지지체를 사용하지 않으며, 많은 양을 값싸게 그리고 온건한 온도의 조건하에서 ZnO 나노구조물의 방향성 성장을 허락하는 용액 합성 방법을 포함한다. 다양한 형태를 가진 ZnO 혼성 물질들은 단순한 에탄올 용액 내에서 계면활성제가 직접적으로 사용되어진 용매열 과정을 통하여 성공적으로 제조되었다.

An adaptive GTS allocation scheme with application to real-time Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks

Xiao Li Zhang 인하대학교 대학원 2014 국내석사

The IEEE 802.15.4 standard provides maximum seven Guaranteed Time Slots (GTSs) allocation within a superframe to support time critical traffic. Furthermore, it is designed to achieve ultralow complexity, cost, and power in low-rate and short distance Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs). It seems to be a perfect alternative for real-time Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks (WBASNs), which is a special purpose personal area network. Hence, we propose an adaptive GTS allocation scheme for real-time Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks data transmissions with different priorities, which considers low latency and fairness. Moreover, the bandwidth utilization is greatly enhanced. Our protocol is developed based on the IEEE 802.15.4 Medium Access Control Protocol, and service can be achieved by the devices without any modification. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms the existing GTS implementation of traditional IEEE 802.15.4 in terms of average packet delay, CFP bandwidth utilization and fairness.

Zinc Oxide와 Ni, Co가 도핑된 Zinc Oxide 나노 및 마이크로 크기의 물질 : 형상제어 합성 및 특성 연구

ZHANG XIAO LI 부경대학교 2008 국내박사

이 연구에서는 산화아연 그리고 나노와 마이크로 크기의 물질로 이루어진 산화아연의 형상을 제어한 합성방법이 실험적으로 연구되었다. 수직면으로 이루어진 산화아연 나노로드, 1차원 zinc nickel oxide 고체용액, Ni와 Co가 첨가된 ZnO 중공구체가 간단한 용매열 과정에 의하여 성공적으로 제조되었다. 이 합성은 형판과 지지체를 사용하지 않으며, 많은 양을 값싸게 그리고 온건한 온도의 조건하에서 ZnO 나노구조물의 방향성 성장을 허락하는 용액 합성 방법을 포함한다. 다양한 형태를 가진 ZnO 혼성 물질들은 단순한 에탄올 용액 내에서 계면활성제가 직접적으로 사용되어진 용매열 과정을 통하여 성공적으로 제조되었다. In the present study, perpendicular side-faceted zinc oxide nanorod, one-dimensional zinc nickel oxide solid solution, nickel and cobalt doped zinc oxide hollow spheres were successfully fabricated through facile one-pot template-free solvothermal methods. A surfactant-directed solvothermal synthesis approach has been successfully demonstrated on fabricating large scale of ZnO hybrid materials with diverse morphologies in a simple ethanol solution. 1. A novel route to the rational fabrication of narrow one-dimensional ZnO nanocrystals with perpendicular side facets is demonstrated in alcoholic solutions. The synthesis involves no-template or no-substrate solution method, which still allows the oriented growth of ZnO nanostructures at large-scale, low-cost, and moderate temperatures. The management consists of monitoring of the nucleation, growth, and aging processes by means of chemical and solvent control of the interfacial free energy. It enables the control of the size of nano-, meso-, and microcrystallites with various aspects from cubes to rods, wires, and belts. 2. A novel facile method has been demonstrated for large-scale synthesis of zinc oxide based one-dimensional solid solution with a series percentage of nickel dopant. The obtained Zn1-xNixO nanorods were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction and energy dispersed X-ray spectroscopy. The result shows that the obtained Zn1-xNixO nanorods are single crystalline with the Ni2+ dopants occupying tetraheral Zn2+ cation sites of wurtzite ZnO. Moreover, the Zn1-xNixO nanorods exhibit robust high-Curie-Temperature (TC) ferromagnetism at 300 K. 3. This chapter describes a template-free solvothermal treatment of precursors in methanol solvent leading to the formation of transition-metal-doped zinc oxide spheres and hollow spheres is reported. The synthesis includes hydrolysis of metal salts, spontaneous aggregation and localized Ostwald ripening in an alcohol solvent. Electron microscopy observation and X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the mesoscale hollow spheres with uniform in size and shape and highly crystalline structures are finely doped with transition metals such as nickel or cobalt. Magnetic hysteresis loops reveal robust coercivities at 300 K, indicating high-Tc ferromagnetism in the system. 4. A novel surfactant-directed process is successfully developed for morphology control on ZnO hybrid materials with distinctive shapes ranging from mushroom, bi-hemispheres, dumbbell, bi-layer hexagonal disks, to flower-like aggregated sheets. Replacing of the conventional oil-water system, a simple alcohol-water surfactant system is employed that provides a more environmental benign and bio-safe approach. Moreover, the remarkable ZnO hybrid materials and facile method demonstrated here not only expand the material morphologies but also provide a new approach to explore the materials for physical and chemical properties and technological applications.

IPD resonator with intertwined spiral inductor and interdigital capacitor structure for sensing application

Zhang, Xiao-Yu Kwangwoon University Graduate School 2021 국내박사

Traditionally, RF/Microwave resonators were widely used in filters, oscillators, mixers, etc. In recent years, microwave resonators have been widely used in the field of sense because of their non-contact, non-damage, non-polluting, and fast-speed characteristics. In this dissertation, an integrated passive device (IPD) resonator is proposed. IPD technology is a new model, concept, and method of product development. This technology is widely researched and used because of the advantages of small size, high integration, lightweight, and good stability. The proposed resonator consists of a 3-layer intertwined spiral structure and a 3-layer interdigital structure. Detailed analyses of the resonator are introduced. It is simulated in Advanced Design System (ADS) and High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) and fabricated on a GaAs substrate, which with a thickness of 200.1 μm, the tan δ values of 0.006, and the dielectric constant of 12.85. The resonator is packaged inside a QFN box with a size of 4×4 mm. The equivalent lumped elements (capacitance, inductance) of 1-layer spiral structure, 3-layer spiral structure, and 3-layer intertwined spiral structure are simulated and displayed. The capacitance and inductance of a 3-layer intertwined spiral structure and that with the interdigital structure are compared and displayed. Next, the distribution of current, E-field, and H-field is simulated and depicted, it can be observed from that, the radiation range of the resonator is limited, the proposed resonator is more suitable as a non-contact sensor. Besides, high E-filed and H-field distributions are concentrated on the coupling gaps and airbridges, which means these positions are sensitive to the material under test. Finally, the resonator is fabricated and measured, the operating frequency is 2 GHz, and the results of simulation and measurement are matched very well.

현대사회의 소외된 인간 심상에 관한 표현 연구 : 본인 작품을 중심으로

Zhang Xiao Yang 홍익대학교 대학원 2021 국내석사

오늘날의 세계 곳곳은 균일화된 도시화로 인해 각 국가의 도시들은 점차 동일해지며 지역적 특징이 사라지고 있다. 이러한 도시 속에서 살아가고 있는 현대인들도 평준화와 탈인격화를 지향하는 도시문화에서 벗어 날 수 없다. 고도의 노동 분업 시스템과 바쁘게 돌아가고 있는 기술과 물질문명으로 채워진 도시 공간에서 생존을 위해 현대인들은 자신의 의지와는 다르게 감정을 억누르고 타협을 하며 살아가야 한다. 화폐가 모든 것의 가치를 측정하는 유일한 기준으로 작동하고 인간은 더 많은 경제적 부를 위해 자신의 정체성을 잃고 점차 익명화 되어간다. 지멜은 ‘문화의 비극’라는 관점으로 인간이 창조한 객관문화가 주체적 삶에 편입되는 대신 인간이 객관문화 궤도 안에 끌어들임으로써 인간의 주체적 발전을 가로막았다고 지적하였다. 현대인은 도시문화 속에서 풍요로움을 느끼는 동시에 속박되고 소외되는 느낌을 받게 된다. 본인은 이러한 현대 사회의 도시화로 인한 소외된 인간의 심상을 시각화하여 석판화 작품으로 표현하였다. 흑과 백은 이 시리즈 작품 속에서 어두움과 빛으로 표현되며 빛과 어두움은 항상 공존 대립적 관계를 갖고 있다. 흑백 명도의 조절을 통해서 어두움 속에 포함된 여러 가지 억압된 감정과 정서들은 빛을 받는 순간 노출되고 점차 사라진다. 흑백이 대립 항상 공존하는 것처럼 소외와 주체성을 찾고자 하는 희망과 의지도 항상 동시에 존재한다. 금속마판 위에 힘을 조절하여 선의 굵기와 농도에 차이를 주며 드로잉 자체의 생동감을 최대한 구현하고자 하였다. 중첩된 드로잉 선은 리토 펜슬을 사용하여 금속마판 위에 다시 드로잉을 진행한다. 이러한 반복 과정을 거쳐 어두운 질감을 나타나는 동시에 화면에 우연하게 남긴 불규칙한 흔적들이 고스란히 볼 수 있다. 고르지 못한 질감과 흑백의 표현은 그가 자신만의 정치적 저항의 방법이라고 언명하였다. <Room>시리즈 작품은 도시 문화에 대한 성찰에서 출발하여 ‘공간’이라는 실마리로 작품을 전개하였다. 인간이 태어나면서 봉착하는 첫 공간인 자궁 공간으로부터 일상 공간까지 도시 문화에서 느끼는 소외된 인간의 마음 ‘공간’을 상징적으로 구현하였다. 이러한 상징화된 작품들을 통하여 각박하게 살아가는 현대인들에게 공감과 정서의 안정을 찾게 하고 주체적 삶을 회복하기 위한 사고를 할 수 있는 예술적 공간을 선보인다.

A Space Planning Method Considering Workloads in Container Terminals : 컨테이너 터미널에서의 작업을 고려한 공간 계획 방법

Xiao Hui Zhang 부산대학교 2010 국내석사

이 연구는 컨테이너 터미널의 저장 야드와 같은 다양한 자원의 작업량을 고려하는 공간계획 문제를 논할 것이다. 공간 계획에 대한 프레임 워크는 공간 계획에 대한 자원 요구사항을 평가할 수 있는 방법을 제공하는, 그리고 공간 계획의 가능성의 검토를 허용하는 용량 계획에 기반을 두고 제안되었다. 도착시간이 서로 다른 컨테이너들의 다양한 그룹에 대한 블록의 야드 공간을 할당하는 수학적 모델이 제시 되었다. 공간 계획 문제는 다양한 물량의 최소 비용 흐름 문제로 만들어 졌다. 중앙 집중 공간 계획 알고리즘과 분산 공간 계획 알고리즘과 같은 두 개의 알고리즘이 소개되었으며 두 개의 방법을 비교하기 위해 수학적 실험을 시행하였다. 분산 계획 과정은 분산 방식으로 처리되는 의사결정이 일어나는 현실적인 상황을 다루기 위해 소개되었다. This study discusses the space planning problem, which considers workloads of various resources, such as the storage yard and yard cranes in container terminals. A framework for space planning is proposed based on capacity planning, which provides a method to estimate the resources requirements for a space plan and allows checking the feasibility of a space plan. A mathematical model is proposed, which allocates the yard space of blocks to various groups of containers whose arrival times are different from each other. The space planning problem is formulated as a multi-commodity minimal cost flow problem. Both centralized space planning algorithm and decentralized space planning algorithm are introduced and numerical experiments have been done to compare these methods. A decentralized planning procedure is introduced to deal with the practical situations where decision-makings are processed in the distributed manner.

NI-MH Battery SOC Estimation Online Based on Parameter Identification

Zhang, Xiao-yu 부산대학교 대학원 2017 국내석사

With the continuous improvement of environmental protection and energy saving requirements of automobiles, the market demand of new energy vehicles is gradually expanding. Among them, the Full HEV with good performance of energy-saving effect and driving experience, are becoming popular. Full HEV is mainly equipped with Ni-MH battery, and the battery management system (BMS) is one of the key components and has an important impact in the performance of vehicle and battery. The estimation of state of charge (SOC) is one of the most significant function in BMS, only when the SOC of battery is clear and accurate, the settings of charging and discharging of Full HEV can be accurate, and the space of battery aren’t wasted. In particular, the charging and discharging state of the Full HEV is uncertain and changing frequently which put forward higher requirements for the prediction accuracy of SOC, and the Ni-MH has significant polarization effect which makes it difficult to estimate SOC. Therefore, based on the 863 project and the project of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Economy and Informatization, this paper focuses on the establishment of model, parameter online identification and SOC online estimation of Ni-MH battery model in Full HEV. The characteristics of charge-discharge and Full HEV operation condition are analyzed in this paper. The equivalent circuit model, current integration algorithm, set membership filter (SMF) algorithm, extended EMF algorithm, and weighted factor method, are combined to do the research of online identification of battery model and the online SOC estimation. The main research contents and innovation are as follows: (1) On the basis of the research on the condition of Full HEV and the charging and discharging characteristics of Ni-MH battery, a scalable equivalent RC model with 2nd-order is adopted. And the precision of the model is approved with the static parameter. By using the basic principle of the model and the cumulative change concept, the model parameters are updated with state and time, and realize online parameter identification with UD decomposition. The method is more aligned with the Full HEV condition than static parameter identification. (2) Based on the experimental study of Ni-MH battery and the established model, the scopes of various common SOC estimation algorithm are compared. With combining the EMF method, Ah integral method and SMF method, the applicable weighted scope and engineering experience, the SOC estimation method is proposed, where the Full HEV operation condition is considered. (3) Based on the static method and emptying method, the problem of true SOC is difficult to obtain in Full HEV Ni-MH battery has been solved, and a specify test is successfully designed to verify the parameter identification and SOC estimation algorithm. For testing the accuracy of algorithm, the point inspection is applied. To test the stability, the random Full HEV condition is applied. The experimental results show that the error of 2nd RC model identification is less than 2% and the algorithm error is less than 3%. In summary, the parameter identification and SOC estimation method in this paper are applicable to the Ni-MH battery in Full HEV. The research obtained an accurate weighted SOC estimation method, it is benefit for the extension of the SOC estimation model, and it also establishes a precision test structure for the online SOC algorithm of Full HEV.

Machine Learning for Fel Optimization

Zhang, Xiao ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Stanford Universit 2021 해외박사(DDOD)