The Updated Vversion of Chinese Evaluated Nuclear Data Library (CENDL-3.1)

Z. G. Ge,Z. X. Zhao,H. H. Xia,Y. X. Zhuang,T. J. Liu,J. S. Zhang,H. C. Wu 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23

The updated Chinese Evaluated Nuclear Data Library CENDL-3.1 is an important achievement based on the nuclear data evaluation works in recent years, at China Nuclear Data Center (CNDC) in cooperation with China Nuclear Data Coordination Network (CNDCN). CENDL-3.1 contains the evaluated data for reactions with incident neutrons on 240 nuclides (from ^1H to ^(249)Cf) in energy region of 10^(-5) eV-20MeV. All data obtained according to the evaluations of experimental data and the predictions of the nuclear reaction model calculations. For most important nuclei of this library, the benchmark testing and validations have been performed, the comparisons with other nuclear data libraries (ENDF/B, JENDL, BROND, JEF, et al.) have been done. The testing version of CENDL-3.1 is CENDL-3.0, which has been provided for China domestic users. Follow the using back feed of CENDL-3.0, a lot of improvement has been done. The CENDL3.1 is provided for all users by ENDF format and is released to the world in the end of 2009. The overview, evaluation methodology and some important results of new evaluations, benchmark testing and validations for this library will be introduced in this contribution.

Temporal-spatial structures of plasmas flows and turbulence around tearing mode islands in the edge tokamak plasmas

Zhao, K.J.,Nagashima, Y.,Li, F.M.,Shi, Yuejiang,Diamond, P.H.,Dong, J.Q.,Itoh, K.,Itoh, S.-I.,Zhuang, G.,Liu, H.,Chen, Z.P.,Cheng, J.,Nie, L.,Ding, Y.H.,Hu, Q.M.,Chen, Z.Y.,Rao, B.,Cheng, Z.F.,Gao, L. IOP 2017 Nuclear fusion Vol.57 No.12

<P>The temporal-spatial structures of plasma flows and turbulence around tearing mode islands are presented. The experiments were performed using Langmuir probe arrays in the edge plasmas of J-TEXT tokamak. The correlation analyses clearly show that the flows have similar structures of <I>m</I>/<I>n</I>  =  3/1 as the magnetic island does (<I>m</I> and <I>n</I> are the poloidal and toroidal mode numbers, respectively). The sign of the potential fluctuations for the flows inverses and the powers significantly reduce at <I>q</I>  =  3 surface. Approaching to the last closed flux surface for the magnetic islands, the radially elongated flow structure forms. The flows are concentrated near separatrix and show quadrupole structures. The turbulence is concentrated near X-point and partly trapped inside the magnetic islands.</P>

Effect of Alloying Elements on Plastic Workability and Corrosion Behavior of Ti-X (X = 6 Co, 8 Cr, 4 Fe, 6 Mn, 10 Mo, and 36 Nb) Binary Alloys

Zhao, Z.,Lee, K. De Gruyter Open 2017 Archives of metallurgy and materials Vol.62 No.2

<P>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the alloying elements on the plastic workability and corrosion behavior of Ti-X (wt.%) (X = 6 Co, 8 Cr, 4 Fe, 6 Mn, 10 Mo, and 36 Nb) binary alloys. The alloys with a molybdenum equivalence of 10 wt.% were fabricated by a vacuum arc re-melting process and were then homogenized at a temperature 20 degrees C greater than the beta transus temperature for 14.4 ks. The plastic workability was investigated under uniaxial cold rolling, while the corrosion behavior was examined in Ringer's solution at 37 degrees C. Among the Ti-X alloys, the Ti-8 wt.% Cr and Ti-6 wt.% Mn alloys showed an outstanding plastic workability and corrosion resistance, respectively.</P>

Effects of Rice Straw Particle Size on Chewing Activity, Feed Intake, Rumen Fermentation and Digestion in Goats

Zhao, X.G.,Wang, M.,Tan, Z.L.,Tang, S.X.,Sun, Z.H.,Zhou, C.S.,Han, X.F. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.9

Effects of particle size and physical effective fibre (peNDF) of rice straw in diets on chewing activities, feed intake, flow, site and extent of digestion and rumen fermentation in goats were investigated. A 4${\times}$4 Latin square design was employed using 4 mature Liuyang black goats fitted with permanent ruminal, duodenal, and terminal ileal fistulae. During each of the 4 periods, goats were offered 1 of 4 diets that were similar in nutritional content but varied in particle sizes and peNDF through alteration of the theoretical cut length of rice straw (10, 20, 40, and 80 mm, respectively). Dietary peNDF contents were determined using a sieve for particle separation above 8 mm, and were 17.4, 20.9, 22.5 and 25.4%, respectively. Results showed that increasing the particle size and peNDF significantly (p<0.05) increased the time spent on rumination and chewing activities, duodenal starch digestibility and ruminal pH, and decreased ruminal starch digestibility and $NH_{3}$-N concentration. Intake and total tract digestibility of nutrients (i.e. dry matter, organic matter, and starch) and ruminal fermentation were not affected by the dietary particle size and peNDF. Increased particle size and peNDF did not affect ruminal fibre digestibility, but had a great impact on the intestinal and total tract fibre digestibility. The study suggested that rice straw particle size or dietary peNDF was the important influential factor for chewing activity, intestinal fibre and starch digestibility, and ruminal pH, but had minimal impact on feed intake, duodenal and ileal flow, ruminal and total tract digestibility, and ruminal fermentation.

Step-and-repeat stamping method for the generation of large-area microscale wrinkle patterns

Zhao, Z. j.,Yang, J. h.,Park, S. h. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.4

<P>We proposed a step-and-repeat stamping method for fabricating large-area microscale wrinkles with a Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold. First, an original wrinkle pattern was created by controlling the thickness of a photocurable resin (NOA-68T), which was exposed to ultraviolet light within a short time and then fully cured at a temperature of 30 A degrees C for approximately 10 h. Microscale wrinkles could be obtained after two successive steps. PDMS was cast in a container with the fabricated wrinkle pattern and then cured at 75 A degrees C for 2 h. A PDMS mold with a wrinkle pattern was then obtained after separating the master wrinkle pattern from the cured PDMS. A Selfassembled monolayer (SAM) was coated onto the surface of the PDMS mold to realize effective wrinkle replication on PDMS. Finally, the wrinkle pattern was stamped directly onto the large-area substrate within a significantly reduced processing time. The contact angles on the wrinkled surfaces of the resin layer and the PDMS mold were 47.8 % and 36.3 % larger than those on the corresponding flat surfaces, respectively. The proposed simple and cost-effective method of generating a large wrinkled area can be applied to surface modification in various engineering applications, including cell culture, microfluidics, biomedical devices, and flexible electronics.</P>

Electrical Stimulator and Microelectrode Arrays (MEA) Integrated PDMS Diaphragm Sensor for Maturation and Characterization of Cardiomyocytes

Z. Q. Zhao(자오쯔치),D.-W. Lee(이동원) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2019 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2019 No.10월

Hypothalamic Norepinephrine Mediates Acupunctural Effects on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis During Ethanol Withdrawal

Zhao, Z.L.,Kim, S.C.,Zhang, J.,Liu, H.F.,Lee, B.H.,Jang, E.Y.,Lee, C.W.,Cho, I.J.,An, W.G.,Yang, C.H.,Kim, Y.W.,Zhao, R.J.,Wu, Y.Y. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam 2016 JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE AND MERIDIAN STUDIES Vol.9 No.1

A previous study demonstrated that acupuncture at ST36 (Zu-San-Li) attenuates ethanol withdrawal (EW)-induced hyperactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in rats. The current study investigated the involvement of hypothalamic norepinephrine (NE) in that process. Rats were intraperitoneally treated with 3 g/kg/d of ethanol or saline for 28 days. After 24 hours of EW, acupuncture was applied to rats at bilateral ST36 points or at nonacupoints (tail) for 1 minute. A high-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that EW significantly increased both the NE and the 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol (MHPG) levels in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Western blot analysis also revealed that EW markedly elevated the phosphorylation rates of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), but spared TH protein expression in the PVN. However, acupuncture at ST36, but not at nonacupoints, greatly inhibited the increase in the hypothalamic NE, MHPG, and phosphorylation rates of TH. Additionally, postacupuncture infusion of NE into the PVN significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of acupuncture at ST36 on the oversecretion of plasma corticosterone during EW. These results suggest that acupuncture at ST36 inhibits EW-induced hyperactivation of the hypothalamic NEergic system to produce therapeutic effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.

STARTING SLIDING MODE VARIABLE STRUCTURE THAT COORDINATES THE CONTROL AND REAL-TIME OPTIMIZATION OF DRY DUAL CLUTCH TRANSMISSIONS

Z.-G. ZHAO,J.-L. JIANG,Z.-P. YU,T. ZHANG 한국자동차공학회 2013 International journal of automotive technology Vol.14 No.6

This paper researches the coordination of control between an engine and clutch at the system level to adequately reflect a driver’s intention and improve the starting performance of a vehicle equipped with a dry dual clutch transmission (DCT). Four-degree-of-freedom (DOF) starting dynamic equations are established for a dry DCT with a single intermediate shaft, and a two-DOF model of the sliding friction process and a single-DOF in-gear model of stable operation are obtained after simplifying these equations. Taking advantage of predictive control and a genetic algorithm, target tracing curves of the engine’s speed and the vehicle’s velocity are optimally specified online, and the starting sliding mode variable structure (SMVS) coordinating control strategy is designed to track these curves. The starting performance of a prototype car equipped with a dry DCT is simulated under different starting cases on the MATLAB/Simulink software platform. The simulation results show that the designed SMVS coordinating controller not only embodies driver intention and effectively improves the dry DCT car’s starting performance but is also highly robust when subjected to variations in the vehicle parameters.

DESIGN OF A SOFT SWITCHING BIDIRECTIONAL DC-DC POWER CONVERTER FOR ULTRACAPACITOR-BATTERY INTERFACES

Z. W. WU,Z. L. ZHANG,C. L. YIN,Z. ZHAO 한국자동차공학회 2012 International journal of automotive technology Vol.13 No.2

One solution to the low specific power of hybrid electric vehicular batteries is a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) that takes advantage of the high specific power performance of ultra-capacitors. The design of a type of zero current transition (ZCT) soft switching bidirectional direct current-direct current (DC-DC) power converter that can be used as an ultra-capacitor-battery interface in an active parallel schema of a HESS is described. The circuit operation of the ZCT DC-DC power converter is depicted in detail. The HESS controller is designed as a two-layered hierarchical control structure: the first layer is responsible for working mode control of the HESS, and the second layer is responsible for DC-DC power converter control in which a fuzzy logic PID algorithmis employed. Simulation results indicate that this design is a potential solution to the problem of the low specific power of batteries, especially for regenerative braking and electric motor assist. The proposed active parallel schema with ZCT exhibits a significant advantage in power and energy decoupling. HESS with ZCT achieves better efficiency compared to the battery only operation. The experimental results validates the idea that the ultra-capacitor cooperates with the battery in acceleration mode.

Nonlinear behavior of deep reinforced concrete coupling beams

Zhao, Z.Z.,Kwan, A.K.H. Techno-Press 2003 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.15 No.2

Six large scale models of conventionally reinforced concrete coupling beams with span/depth ratios ranging from 1.17 to 2.00 were tested under monotonically applied shear loads to study their nonlinear behavior using a newly developed test method that maintained equal rotations at the two ends of the coupling beam specimen and allowed for local deformations at the beam-wall joints. By conducting the tests under displacement control, the post-peak behavior and complete load-deflection curves of the coupling beams were obtained for investigation. It was found that after the appearance of flexural and shear cracks, a deep coupling beam would gradually transform itself from an ordinary beam to a truss composed of diagonal concrete struts and longitudinal and transverse steel reinforcement bars. Moreover, in a deep coupling beam, the local deformations at the beam-wall joints could contribute significantly (up to the order of 50%) to the total deflection of the coupling beam, especially at the post-peak stage. Finally, although a coupling beam failing in shear would have a relatively low ductility ratio of only 5 or even lower, a coupling beam failing in flexure could have a relatively high ductility ratio of 10 or higher.