Isolation, identification and characterization of a novel elastase from Chryseobacterium indologenes

Yunlong Lei,Peipei Zhao,Chenglei Li,Haixia Zhao,Zhi Shan,Qi Wu 한국응용생명화학회 2018 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.61 No.3

Elastase is a type of protease that specifically degrades elastin. It has broad application prospects in medicine, food industry, and daily-use chemical industry. In this study, we isolated a bacterial strain WZE87 with high elastin-hydrolysis activity, which was identified as Chryseobacterium indologenes based on morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The elastase produced by this strain was purified by three steps: ammonium sulfate precipitation, Q-Sepharose fast-flow anion-exchange chromatography, and Sephadex G-75 gel-filtration chromatography. The purified elastase was 2376.5 U/mg in activity (a 8.3-fold increase in specific activity), and the recovery was 5.8%. Its molecular mass was estimated to be 26 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This enzyme was stable in the pH range of 5.0–10.5 at 37 C. The optimal temperature and pH were 37 C and 7.5, respectively. The activity of this elastase was found to decrease when the temperature was higher than 50 C. The activity was also inhibited by Zn2?, Fe2?, Fe3?, and Mn2? ions. The specific hydrolytic ability of this enzyme was similar to that of papain on substrates like gelatin, casein, soybean-isolated protein and bovine hemoglobin. However, this elastase preferentially hydrolyzed elastin in a protein mixture because of its specific adsorption. Considering its promising properties, this protease may be considered a potential candidate for applications in related industries.

Morphological characteristics and gene mapping of a dense panicle (dp2) mutant in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Yunlong Yang,Chunhai Shi,Yuanfei Zhou,Jianguo Wu,Xiaoli Jin,Jianyao Shou 한국유전학회 2014 Genes & Genomics Vol.36 No.3

A dense panicle mutant (dp2) derived from theOryza sativa ssp. japonica cultivar Nipponbare through ethylmethane sulfonate mutagenesis was used in present study. Compared to the wild type, the panicle of dp2 mutantexhibited more branches and denser grains. Further more, thenumber of spikelets per panicle, number of primary branchesand secondary branches of dp2 mutant were significantlyincreased while the panicle length, and 1,000-grain weightwere significantly decreased. The results from the geneticanalysis indicated that the dense panicle phenotype wascontrolled by a single dominance nuclear gene. Polymorphicanalysis of SSR and InDel markers demonstrated that theDP2 gene was located at the long arm of chromosome 2,which was further mapped between SSR markers RM341and RM13356 in a physical region of 398 kb. Within thisregion, the RCN2 (LOC_Os02g32950) gene which wasannotated relating to the development of rice panicle wasfound. Compared to the wild type, the sequence of RCN2gene in the dp2 mutant showed that two SNPs replacementhad taken place in the promoter region (G–A) and the intronregion (A–T), respectively. The dp2 mutant could be a novelmutant of RCN2 gene and this novel mutant might be usefulfor further studies on this gene.

Isolation, identification and characterization of a novel elastase from Chryseobacterium indologenes

Lei, Yunlong,Zhao, Peipei,Li, Chenglei,Zhao, Haixia,Shan, Zhi,Wu, Qi The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2018 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.61 No.3

Elastase is a type of protease that specifically degrades elastin. It has broad application prospects in medicine, food industry, and daily-use chemical industry. In this study, we isolated a bacterial strain WZE87 with high elastin-hydrolysis activity, which was identified as Chryseobacterium indologenes based on morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The elastase produced by this strain was purified by three steps: ammonium sulfate precipitation, Q-Sepharose fast-flow anion-exchange chromatography, and Sephadex G-75 gel-filtration chromatography. The purified elastase was 2376.5 U/mg in activity (a 8.3-fold increase in specific activity), and the recovery was 5.8%. Its molecular mass was estimated to be 26 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This enzyme was stable in the pH range of 5.0-10.5 at $37^{\circ}C$. The optimal temperature and pH were $37^{\circ}C$ and 7.5, respectively. The activity of this elastase was found to decrease when the temperature was higher than $50^{\circ}C$. The activity was also inhibited by $Zn^{2+}$, $Fe^{2+}$, $Fe^{3+}$, and $Mn^{2+}$ ions. The specific hydrolytic ability of this enzyme was similar to that of papain on substrates like gelatin, casein, soybean-isolated protein and bovine hemoglobin. However, this elastase preferentially hydrolyzed elastin in a protein mixture because of its specific adsorption. Considering its promising properties, this protease may be considered a potential candidate for applications in related industries.

Adsorption, Mobility and Degradation of Diphenamid in Chinese Soils

Xiaomao Wu,Ming Li,Youhua Long,Renxiang Liu,Yunlong Yu,Hua Fang 대한토목학회 2012 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.16 No.4

The present study was conducted to determine adsorption, mobility, and degradation characteristics of diphenamid in five Chinese soils and their relationships. The adsorption of diphenamid in soils tested could accurately be described by a Freundlich equation. Based on the mobility factor (Rf), diphenamid was seen to be slightly or moderately mobile in soils studied. Regression of Kf and Rf against selected soil properties indicated that Organic Matter (OM) was the most influential factor governing adsorption and mobility of diphenamid (r2 > 0.92 ) followed by clay (r2 > 0.61). There was a significant correlation (p < 0.01) between Kf and Rf of diphenamid. Diphenamid degradation data were fitted the first-order reaction equations, yielding half-lives (T1/2) ranging from 187.3to 247.5 days in unsterilized soils but prolonging to 577.5-630.0 days in sterilized soils. The prolonged T1/2 by sterilization showed that microbial degradation was the dominant pathway for diphenamid degradation in soils. Degradation of diphenamid in soils appeared to be influenced by soil OM (r2 > 0.97) and clay content (r2 > 0.85). The T1/2 of diphenamid was significantly related to both Kf and Rf (p < 0.05), indicating that either Kf or Rf might be used as a model for predicting degradation of diphenamid in soils involved.

Probabilistic-based damage identification based on error functions with an autofocusing feature

Rahim Gorgin,Yunlong Ma,Zhanjun Wu,Dongyue Gao,Yishou Wang 국제구조공학회 2015 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.15 No.4

This study presents probabilistic-based damage identification technique for highlightingdamage in metallic structures. This technique utilizes distributed piezoelectric transducers to generate andmonitor the ultrasonic Lamb wave with narrowband frequency. Diagnostic signals were used to define thescatter signals of different paths. The energy of scatter signals till different times were calculated by takingroot mean square of the scatter signals. For each pair of parallel paths an error function based on the energyof scatter signals is introduced. The resultant error function then is used to estimate the probability of thepresence of damage in the monitoring area. The presented method with an autofocusing feature is applied toaluminum plates for method verification. The results identified using both simulation and experimentalLamb wave signals at different central frequencies agreed well with the actual situations, demonstrating thepotential of the presented algorithm for identification of damage in metallic structures. An obvious merit ofthe presented technique is that in addition to damages located inside the region between transducers; thosewho are outside this region can also be monitored without any interpretation of signals. This noveltyqualifies this method for online structural health monitoring.

Cross-Media Retrieval using Probabilistic Model of Automatic Image Annotation

Ying Xia,YunLong Wu,JiangFan Feng 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.4

In recent years, automatic image annotation (AIA) has been applied to cross-media retrieval usually due to its advantage of mining correlations of images and annotation texts efficiently. However, some AIA methods just annotate images as a unit and the accuracy of annotation may not be acceptable. In this paper, we propose a kind of probabilistic model which may assign keywords to an un-annotated image automatically based on a training dataset of images. Images in the training dataset are segmented into regions and a kind of vocabulary called blob is used to represent these image regions. Blobs are generated by using K-Means algorithm to cluster these image regions. Through this model, we can predict the probability of assigning a keyword into a blob. After the accomplishment of annotation, a keyword corresponds to one image region. Furthermore, the feature vectors of text documents are generated by TF.IDF method and images’ automatic annotation information is used to retrieve relevant text documents. Experiments on the IAPR TC-12 dataset and 500 Wikipedia webpages about landscape show the usefulness of applying probabilistic model of AIA to the cross-media retrieval.

Probabilistic-based damage identification based on error functions with an autofocusing feature

Gorgin, Rahim,Ma, Yunlong,Wu, Zhanjun,Gao, Dongyue,Wang, Yishou Techno-Press 2015 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.15 No.4

This study presents probabilistic-based damage identification technique for highlighting damage in metallic structures. This technique utilizes distributed piezoelectric transducers to generate and monitor the ultrasonic Lamb wave with narrowband frequency. Diagnostic signals were used to define the scatter signals of different paths. The energy of scatter signals till different times were calculated by taking root mean square of the scatter signals. For each pair of parallel paths an error function based on the energy of scatter signals is introduced. The resultant error function then is used to estimate the probability of the presence of damage in the monitoring area. The presented method with an autofocusing feature is applied to aluminum plates for method verification. The results identified using both simulation and experimental Lamb wave signals at different central frequencies agreed well with the actual situations, demonstrating the potential of the presented algorithm for identification of damage in metallic structures. An obvious merit of the presented technique is that in addition to damages located inside the region between transducers; those who are outside this region can also be monitored without any interpretation of signals. This novelty qualifies this method for online structural health monitoring.

Electrospun SrO-Incorporated Nanofiber Membranes for Biomedical Applications

Zhe Chen,Jitao Fan,Yangfan Ding,Yunlong Zhang,Ahmed I. Abd‑Elhamid,Jinglei Wu,Binbin Sun 한국섬유공학회 2023 Fibers and polymers Vol.24 No.11

Bioactive ceramics have gained increasing interest in biomedical applications. Strontium (Sr)-based ceramics show unique bioactivity in stimulating cell proliferation and migration and promoting angiogenesis. Incorporation of bioactive ceramics into nanofibers represents a facile approach to alter the material properties of electrospun nanofiber membranes. Herein, we prepared SrO-incorporated nanofiber membranes by electrospinning and investigated the effects of SrO particles on the physicochemical properties and cytocompatibility of these membranes. Our results indicate that simple one-stream electrospinning could smoothly introduce SrO particles into poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA)/gelatin nanofibers. SrO-incorporated membranes showed significantly improved wettability but became brittle compared with PLA/gelatin nanofiber membranes. Cells differentially responded to SrO-incorporated membranes: endothelial cells showed greater cell area and coverage on SrO-incorporated membranes; in contrast, fibroblasts were inhibited on these membranes. These findings suggest that SrO-incorporated membranes might find opportunities in specific biomedical applications in which pro-angiogenesis and antiadhesion are simultaneously demanded.

Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Beyond BCLC A Stage

Tianqiang Song,Ti Zhang,Wei Zhang,Feng Fang,Qiang Wu,Yunlong Cui,Huikai Li,Qiang Li Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Cancer 2016 Journal of digestive cancer reports Vol.4 No.2

The barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) staging systemis regarded as the optimal staging system to predict prognosis and guide treatmentfor hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) .According to the BCLC classification, only patients with BCLC A stage should undergo liver resection. In contrast, patients with intermediate-advanced HCC should be scheduled for palliative therapies,such as transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and target therapy, even if the lesion is resectable. More and more studies report good short-term and long-term outcomes in patients with intermediate-advanced HCC treated by radical resection and many patients benefited from curative resection. The aim of this review was to evaluate the role of surgery beyond the BCLC recommendations. A revision of the BCLC algorithm should be proposed.

Analysis of Laser-protection Performance of Asymmetric-phase-mask Wavefront-coding Imaging Systems

Yangliang Li,Qing Ye,Lei Wang,Hao Zhang,Yunlong Wu,Xian’an Dou,Xiaoquan Sun 한국광학회 2023 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.7 No.1