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( Yun Hwan Kim ),( Hyun-jung Kim ),( Young-mee Lim ),( Jing Hui Jin ),( Chan Young Kim ),( Woong Ju ),( Seung Cheol Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2016 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.102 No.-
목적: Although the Papanicolaou smear (Pap smear) and HPV DNA testing have greatly reduced the mortality and morbidity for patients with invasive cervical cancer, low sensitivity and specificity of Pap smear and HPV DNA typing, respectively, still make a need to develop other biomarkers for cervical cancer screening. DNA methylation has been spotlighted as a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of cancers and also as a means of assessing the prognosis for patients with cancers. Here, this study was aimed at investigating the single-minded homolog 1 (SIM1) promoter methylation and its clinical relevance in cervical cancer. 방법: Using real-time quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (qMSP), we analyzed the frequency and relative level of promoter methylation of SIM1 gene in 45 cervical cancer tissues and 10 normal controls. The percentage of methylated references (PMR) was used for analysis of SIM1 methylation using reference gene, ACTB. 결과: A much higher level of aberrant SIM1 methylation was measured in most cervical cancers (42/45, 93.3%), compared with normal control (0/10, 0%), and PMR values for SIM1 have ranges of 0-100 (median PMR 80.9) and 0-3.3 (median PMR 0) in tumor tissues and controls, respectively (cutoff >7.03, P < 0.0001). Aberrant SIM1 methylation showed no statistically significant difference between stage I and II, but a trend of stage-dependent increase in SIM1 hypermethylation was show. To see whether aberrant SIM1 methylation in tumor was from germline methylation of SIM1 gene, we investigated SIM1 methylation in patient-derived peripheral blood leucocytes (PBL). Among nineteen PBL, only two have very low SIM1 methylation and PMR values of SIM1 in PBL have ranges 0-6.26 (median PMR 0, >7.03 cutoff), indicating that SIM1 methylation in tumor tissues might be somatic methylation during carcinogenesis. 결론: Taken together, our data suggest that aberrant SIM1 methylation may be a promising biomarker for early diagnosis of cervical cancers.
Implications of Economic Internationalization for Economic Development in the Philippines
Yun-Hwan Kim 서울대학교 경제연구소 1995 Seoul journal of economics Vol.8 No.2
If it is contended that the goal of the economic internationalization is to underpin an open, fair and free economic structure which nurtures competition, innovation, and the creative entrepreneurship, it might not be claimed that the economy of the Philippines is to a satisfactory extent internationalized. Many studies point out that the following problems, inter alia, had prevented the internationalization and at the same time had impeded economic development in the Philippines over the past two to three decades: an inward-oriented growth strategy; the in equal income distribution; a slow land reform; a preferential credit allocation; and the economic concentration on large firms.