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Systematic characterization of A-to-I RNA editing hotspots in microRNAs across human cancers
Wang, Yumeng,Xu, Xiaoyan,Yu, Shuangxing,Jeong, Kang Jin,Zhou, Zhicheng,Han, Leng,Tsang, Yiu Huen,Li, Jun,Chen, Hu,Mangala, Lingegowda S.,Yuan, Yuan,Eterovic, A. Karina,Lu, Yiling,Sood, Anil K.,Scott, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2017 Genome research Vol.27 No.7
<P>RNA editing, a widespread post-transcriptional mechanism, has emerged as a new player in cancer biology. Recent studies have reported key roles for individual miRNA editing events, but a comprehensive picture of miRNA editing in human cancers remains largely unexplored. Here, we systematically characterized the miRNA editing profiles of 8595 samples across 20 cancer types from miRNA sequencing data of The Cancer Genome Atlas and identified 19 adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing hotspots. We independently validated 15 of them by perturbation experiments in several cancer cell lines. These miRNA editing events show extensive correlations with key clinical variables (e.g., tumor subtype, disease stage, and patient survival time) and other molecular drivers. Focusing on the RNA editing hotspot in miR-200b, a key tumor metastasis suppressor, we found that the miR-200b editing level correlates with patient prognosis opposite to the pattern observed for the wild-type miR-200b expression. We further experimentally showed that, in contrast to wild-type miRNA, the edited miR-200b can promote cell invasion and migration through its impaired ability to inhibit <I>ZEB1/ZEB2</I> and acquired concomitant ability to repress new targets, including <I>LIFR</I>, a well-characterized metastasis suppressor. Our study highlights the importance of miRNA editing in gene regulation and suggests its potential as a biomarker for cancer prognosis and therapy.</P>
Review of Wet Chemical Syntheses of Copper Nanowires and Their Recent Applications
Yumeng Wang,Zhenxing Yin 한국진공학회 2019 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.28 No.6
Copper nanowires (Cu NWs), a new type of functional material, have high commercial value in the fields of electronics and catalysis owing to their excellent conductivity, good mechanical properties, high activity, and low cost. In recent years, various applications of Cu NWs have yielded many significant results, which are rapidly developing toward industrialization. This paper reviews the recent progress in the syntheses and applications of Cu NWs. Several wet chemical synthetic methods and the recent commercially promising applications of Cu NWs in flexible transparent electrodes, three-dimensional networks for lithium-ion batteries, and catalysts are described in detail. Additionally, the limitations of Cu NWs and available strategies for technical difficulties are introduced, which can be useful for researchers in related scientific fields. For each application, representative literature reports are overviewed and a brief objective evaluation is presented. Finally, the prospects of Cu NWs for future applications in various technologies are proposed.
Wang, Yumeng,Xu, Yuhua,Shen, Liang,Xu, Chenglong,Cheng, Yunpeng The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2014 Journal of communications and networks Vol.16 No.2
In this research, we study the problem of opportunistic spectrum access (OSA) in a time-varying environment with fading channels, where the channel state is characterized by both channel quality and the occupancy of primary users (PUs). First, a finite-state Markov channel model is introduced to represent a fading channel. Second, by probing channel quality and exploring the activities of PUs jointly, a two-dimensional partially observable Markov decision process framework is proposed for OSA. In addition, a greedy strategy is designed, where a secondary user selects a channel that has the best-expected data transmission rate to maximize the instantaneous reward in the current slot. Compared with the optimal strategy that considers future reward, the greedy strategy brings low complexity and relatively ideal performance. Meanwhile, the spectrum sensing error that causes the collision between a PU and a secondary user (SU) is also discussed. Furthermore, we analyze the multiuser situation in which the proposed single-user strategy is adopted by every SU compared with the previous one. By observing the simulation results, the proposed strategy attains a larger throughput than the previous works under various parameter configurations.
Yumeng Wang,Yuhua Xu,Liang Shen,Chenglong Xu,Yunpeng Cheng 한국통신학회 2014 Journal of communications and networks Vol.16 No.2
In this research, we study the problem of opportunisticspectrum access (OSA) in a time-varying environment with fadingchannels, where the channel state is characterized by bothchannel quality and the occupancy of primary users (PUs). First,a finite-state Markov channel model is introduced to represent afading channel. Second, by probing channel quality and exploringthe activities of PUs jointly, a two-dimensional partially observableMarkov decision process framework is proposed for OSA. In addition,a greedy strategy is designed, where a secondary user selects achannel that has the best-expected data transmission rate to maximizethe instantaneous reward in the current slot. Compared withthe optimal strategy that considers future reward, the greedy strategybrings low complexity and relatively ideal performance. Meanwhile,the spectrum sensing error that causes the collision betweena PU and a secondary user (SU) is also discussed. Furthermore,we analyze the multiuser situation in which the proposed singleuserstrategy is adopted by every SU compared with the previousone. By observing the simulation results, the proposed strategy attainsa larger throughput than the previous works under variousparameter configurations.