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Zhaoyi Li,Liang Sun,Zhongjun Fu,Yuchao Li,Zhaohui Jiang,Bingtao Tang,Quan Ji,Yanzhi Xia,Ming Wang,Haofei Huang 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.3
Calcium alginate fiber is a biomaterial with promising application in textile industry. However, the poor dyeingproperty of this fiber restricts its development. In this study, three PVAm (polyvinylamine) dyes were applied to the exhaustdyeing of calcium alginate fiber and their dyeing behavior under different dyeing conditions was studied. The dyeing resultsrevealed that PVAm dyes were firmly adsorbed on calcium alginate fiber by coordination bonding formed between theprimary amino groups in PVAm backbones of dyes and Ca2+ ions in calcium alginate fiber. This special complex dyeingmode was further confirmed by a Langmuir-type adsorption manner of PVAm-1 dye for calcium alginate fiber. By theformation of this stable chelation structure between dyes and fibers, high exhaustion rates (88.9-97.1 %) and excellent colorfastness were obtained. SEM and XRD results also showed that the surface and crystal phase of dyed fibers had very slightchanges compared to those of original calcium alginate fibers. The strength property of the fiber was also maintained wellafter this special complex dyeing process.
Forward Modelling and GPR Imaging in Leakage Detection and Grouting Evaluation in Tunnel Lining
Chunjin Lin,Xintong Wang,Yao Li,Fengkai Zhang,Zhenhao Xu,Yuchao Du 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.1
Tunnels in the operation period are faced with different types of diseases, such as lining fracture, lining containing voids and lining leakage. In this paper, the common tunnel lining diseases are classified and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is adopted to detect the tunnel lining diseases rapidly and nondestructively. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) methodis used to carry out numerical experiments on GPR detection forward modelling and backwardprojection imaging. An interpretation criterion of GPR detection was established on typical lining diseases. Based on the dielectric differences between before and after grouting of tunnel lining, GPR is introduced into the evaluation of grouting on leakage in tunnel lining, and the numerical simulation of grouting effect is carried out. It can be concluded that GPR imaging can well-identify the dielectric changes before and after grouting and evaluate the grouting reinforcement effect more intuitively. Finally, this method was applied to a practical case in Kaiyuan tunnel, China. This paper provides an alternative way to detect tunnel lining leakage in operation period and a reference for the evaluation of structural defects reinforcement in underground engineering.