The Ratio of Second and Fourth Digit Length: A Biomarker for Methamphetamine Dependence?

YoungHo Kim(YoungHo Kim),Sung-Doo Won(Sung-Doo Won),Hyejin Kwon(Hyejin Kwon),Changwoo Han(Changwoo Han) 대한정신약물학회 2022 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.20 No.4

Objective: The ratio of 2nd and 4th digit length (2D:4D) is considered to be a sexually dimorphic trait. Low 2D:4D is implicated in alcohol dependence and heroin dependence and correlated with psychological traits such as aggression, physical aggression, and sensation. The purpose of this study is to compare the 2D:4D between methamphetamine (METH) dependence and controls and the 2D:4D ratio that is a potential biomarker for METH dependence. Methods: In this study, 40 patients diagnosed with METH dependence in Eulji University Gangnam Eulji Hospital and 50 healthy volunteers were all employees in the same hospital. Images of participants’ hands were created using a scanning device. The images contained both the right and left hands; computer software was used to measure the 2D:4D ratio for both hands. We compared the ratios, analyzed by t test, between the METH dependence group and the control group. Results: The mean 2D:4D values were 0.941 (right hand) and 0.943 (left hand) for the patients with METH dependence; in contrast, they were 0.961 (right hand) and 0.961 (left hand) for the control group. These values were significantly smaller than the control in patients’ right hands (p = 0.003) and left hands (p = 0.012). Conclusion: Patients with METH dependence had smaller 2D:4D ratios than those in the control group, which is similar to the results from the previous substance use disorder studies. Thus, elevated prenatal testosterone levels during the gonadal period could be related to future METH problems. Furthermore, the 2D:4D ratio is a potential marker for the prediction of METH dependence.

Lichen-forming fungus<i>Caloplaca flavoruscens</i>inhibits transcription factors and chromatin remodeling system in fungi

Kwon, Youngho,Cha, Jaeyul,Chiang, Jennifer,Tran, Grant,Nislow, Corey,Hur, Jae-Seoun,Kwak, Youn-Sig,Deising, Holger Oxford University Press 2016 FEMS microbiology letters Vol.363 No.12

Mathematical modeling for flocking flight of autonomous multi-UAV system, including environmental factors

( Youngho Kwon ),( Jun Hwang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.2

In this study, we propose a decentralized mathematical model for predictive control of a system of multi-autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones. Being decentralized and autonomous implies that all members make their own decisions and fly depending on the dynamic information received from other unmanned aircraft in the area. We consider a variety of realistic characteristics, including time delay and communication locality. For this flocking flight, we do not possess control for central data processing or control over each UAV, as each UAV runs its collision avoidance algorithm by itself. The main contribution of this work is a mathematical model for stable group flight even in adverse weather conditions (e.g., heavy wind, rain, etc.) by adding Gaussian noise. Two of our proposed variance control algorithms are presented in this work. One is based on a simple biological imitation from statistical physical modeling, which mimics animal group behavior; the other is an algorithm for cooperatively tracking an object, which aligns the velocities of neighboring agents corresponding to each other. We demonstrate the stability of the control algorithm and its applicability in autonomous multi-drone systems using numerical simulations.

Expression of SIRT1 and SIRT3 varies according to age in mice

Youngho Kwon,Jongsik Kim,Chae-Yeong Lee,Hyun Kim 대한해부학회 2015 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.48 No.1

Sirtuins (SIRTs) are involved in multiple cellular processes including those related to aging, cancer, and a variety of cellular functions including cell cycle progression, DNA repair, and cellular proliferation. SIRTs have been shown to extend the yeast life span, although there is presently little known about SIRT expression in the organs of mice. In the present study, we were especially interested in identifying differences in SIRT expression between young mice and aged mice. Specifically, we investigated the expression of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in the kidney, lung, skin, adipose tissue, and spleens of 6-month-old and 24-month-old mice using immunohistochemical staining. Compared with that in younger mice, the expression of SIRT1 in 24-month-old rats was increased in kidney, lung, and spleen tissue, while that of SIRT3 was decreased in adipose, kidney, and lung tissue. The results of our study suggest that aging is associated with altered patterns of expression of SIRT1 and SIRT3. In addition, we noted that the expression patterns of SIRT1 and SIRT3 varied by organ. Taken together, the results of this study suggest the possibility that SIRTs may be involved in diseases associated with aging.

Development of Advanced Backcross Nasted Associated Mapping Population With Recurrent Cultivar, Youngjin, For Genomic Selection In Rice

Youngho Kwon,So-Myeong Lee,Hyeon-Jin Park,Jin-kyung Cha,Nkulu Rolly Kabange,Jong-Hee Lee 한국육종학회 2023 한국육종학회 공동학술발표집 Vol.2023 No.-

Prediction of changes in distribution area of Scopura laminate in response to climate changes of the Odaesan National Park of South Korea

Kwon, Soon Jik,Kim, Tae Geun,Park, Youngjun,Kwon, Ohseok,Cho, Youngho The Ecological Society of Korea 2015 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.38 No.4

This study was performed to provide important basic data for the preservation and management of Scopura laminata, a species endemic to Korea, by elucidating the spatial characteristics of its present, potential, and future distribution areas. Currently, this species is found in the Odaesan National Park area of South Korea and has been known to be restricted in its habitat due to its poor mobility, as even fully grown insects do not have wings. Utilizing the MaxEnt model, 20 collection points around Odaesan National Park were assessed to analyze and predict spatial distribution characteristics. The precision of the MaxEnt model was excellent, with an AUC value of 0.833. Variables affecting the potential distribution area of S. laminata by more than 10% included the range of annual temperature, seasonality of precipitation, and precipitation of the driest quarter, in order of greatest to least impact. Compared to the current potential distribution area, no significant difference in the overall habitable area was predicted for the 2050s or 2070s. It was, however, demonstrated that the potential habitable area would be reduced in the 2050s by up to 270.3 km from the current area of 403.9 km; further, no potential habitable area was anticipated by the 2070s according to our predictive model. Taken together, it is anticipated that this endemic species could be significantly affected by climate changes, and hence effective countermeasures are strongly warranted for the preservation of habitats and species management.

지방의희 선거구 획정에 관한 연구 ―제주특별자치도를 중심으로―

권영호 ( Youngho Kwon ) 제주대학교 법과정책연구소 2015 法과 政策 Vol.21 No.2

다음 자방선거에서 제주특별자치도 의회의원 선거구획정에 있어 가장 논란이 될 부분은 추자면과 우도면의 독립적인 선거구 획정의 문제일 것이다. 왜냐하면 의회의원의 총수나 교육의원의 선출제도는 중앙정부와 협의하여 처리 할것이고, 다른 지역 선거구 획정에 있어서는 인구비례로 결정될 것이기 때문이다.이 논문에서는 2006년 제주특별자치도제가 시행된 후,제주특별자치도에서 과거 기초자치단체 의회의원을 선출하던 추자면과 우도면에서 의회의원의 선출기회가 사라져 주민들의 불만이 계속되는 점을 감안하여 지방의회 의원 선거제도의 내용 중 추자도와 우도면에 대한 독자적인 선거구화획정의 문제를 중점적으로 다루려 한다. 이논문의 연구의 중심이 되는 제주특별자치도 제주시우도면과 추자면은 제주특별자치도가 성립되기 이전 2005년까지는 당시 공직선거 및 선거부정방지법 제23조 따라‘인구 1천 이상의 면(面)에 ’해당되어 기초지방이회 의원을 각 1명씩 선출할 수 있었다. 그러나2006년 7월1일 이후 시행된,제주특별자치도 체제에서는 우도면과 추자면이 각각 주좌읍과 한강면 선거구에 소속됨으로서 지역의 현안문제에 대한 지역의 의사가 지방의회에 반영될수 있는 기회가 사라지게 되였다.또한 외국의 사례를 참작하여 주민자치의 근본정신을 시행하기 위한 선거제도의 다양성을 주장하여야 한다.특수한 사정에 의한 예외사례를 인정함으로서 획일적인 제도구성에서 벗어난 개방된 제도를 완성할 수 있는 계기임을 홍보하여 공감대를 형성하여야 한다. Electoral districting is the most important element of the election system to support fair and equal elections. In other words, it is not just legislative discretion dependent upon the political decision making of Congress, but it should be considered an essential element to secure equality in vote value under the equal elections principle of the Constitution. However, it is not possible to ensure exact population equality within each electoral district in reality, so reasonable deviation has been allowed in accordance with administrative divisions, geographical conditions and transportation. The South Korean Constitutional Court considered when providing the criteria, this should be reduced to a 33.3% population deviation, or 2:1 ratio, to guarantee equality of vote value. The single non-transferable vote rul in election did not increase electoral victories of minority parties and It also did not reduce wasted votes and increase representativeness at all. With those a sort of negative findings, this paper proposes the mixed member proportional representaion system used in German, U.S.A. as an alternative. Jeju Island, Udo- and Chusa- do are the defining electoral districts of the Senate problem availability, an isolated district in the most important issue and to dance plane a problem. Obtaining independent district residents in two Island depends on the formation of consensus jeju resident’s. There is no basic autonomy of the group in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. Thus, strict in defining electoral districts in Jeju island unlike other local government is difficult to apply the principle of proportionality. Jeju Special Self-Governing Province``s local council, therefore defining electoral districts in the area and Historicity of district should focus on.

MIN(Multistage Interconnection Networks) 망을 이용한 가상 입력 버퍼 반얀 스위치 설계

권영호(YoungHo Kwon),김문기(Mungi Kim),이병호(Byoung Ho Rhee) 한국정보과학회 2004 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.31 No.2Ⅲ

현재 ATM 망에서 다양한 형태의 스위치 구조가 제안 되었으며 스위치 구조는 크게 blocking과 nonblocking 스위치로 나눌 수 있다. nonblocking 스위치는 버퍼의 위치에 따라 input queuing, output queuing, shared buffer switch로 나뉘며 그중에 압력 버퍼형은 하드웨어 구현이 쉬운 장점이 있으나 HOL 블로킹으로 인하여 처리효율이 낮다는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 압력 버퍼형 ATM 교환기의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 가상적인 압력버퍼와 MUX를 이용한 입력버퍼형 반얀스위치 모델을 제안한다.

DDoS 공격 대응과정에서의 능동 라우터 성능평가

권영호(Youngho Kwon),김영민(Youngmin Kim),문경신(Kyoungsin Moon),안상현(Sanghyun Ahn),한민호(Minho Han),나중찬(Joongchan Na) 한국정보과학회 2003 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.30 No.2Ⅲ

인터넷이 널리 보급되면서 이용자들간에는 편리하고 빠른 정보교환이 가능하게 되었지만 이를 방해하는 해커들의 활동 또한 크게 증가하고 있다. 그 중 DDoS(Distributed Denial of Service) 공격은 인터넷 서비스를 하고 있는 서버에 심각한 해를 주며 탐지와 대응이 어려운 해킹방법중의 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 DDoS 공격 대응을 위해 액티브 네트워크를 이용해 개발한 DDoS 보안시스템[1][2]을 이용할 때 얼마나 효과적인 성능을 낼 수 있는지에 대한 분석 결과를 제공한다.

유무선 망에서의 신뢰적 멀티캐스트 프로토콜

권영호(Youngho Kwon),안상현(Sanghyun Ahn) 한국정보과학회 2003 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.30 No.2Ⅲ

유무선이 혼합된 망에 적용할 수 있는 신뢰적 멀티캐스트를 지원하기 위해서는 피드백 포구, 재전송 노출 등의 문제를 해결하여 효율성과 확장성을 보장해야한다. 이를 위해서 유선망과 무선망의 특성을 함께 고려한 적절한 방법이 필요하였다. 본 논문에서는 유선 망에서는 신뢰성을 보장하기 위해 NACK 기반의 신뢰성 전송기법을 사용하고, 무선 망에서는 ACK와 NAK를 병행하는 방법으로 제어 패킷의 수와 복구시간을 줄여 효율적인 신뢰적 멀티캐스트 서비스를 지원하도록 하였다.