Charge Structure of the Combined System (La0.6Sr0.4MnO₃)0.7(La0.6Sr0.4FeO₃)0.3 as Investigated by Mossbauer Spectroscopy

Young Rang Uhm,Sam Jin Kim,Chul Sung Kim 한국자기학회 2002 Journal of Magnetics Vol.7 No.1

The charge structures of La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)FeO₃ (LSMO) and of the combined system (La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO₃)_(0.7)(La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)FeO₃)_(0.3) are investigated by using Mossbauer spectroscopy. The antiferromagnetically ordered La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)FeO₃(LSFO) has possible charges of Fe³+ and Fe⁴+, which include a low-spin Fe⁴+ state at and above 230 K. The temperature dependences of the Mossbauer spectra for the La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)FeO₃ system and for the combined (LSMO)_(0.7)(LSFO)_(0.3) system are fitted as three sets of Zeeman patterns corresponding to Fe³+ and Fe⁴+ below 230 K. At and above 230 K, the fitted Mossbauer spectra for the combined system are the same in all temperature ranges. Above 230 K, La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)FeO₃ spectrum consists of two sets of six Lorentzians for Fe³+ and one line for low spin Fe⁴+. It is worth noting that large fields are induced in the combined system.

청소년을 위한 영양지수 개발과 타당도 검증

김혜영(Kim, Hye-Young),이정숙(Lee, Jung-Sug),황지윤(Hwang, Ji-Yun),권세혁(Kwon, Sehyug),정해랑(Chung, Hae Rang5),곽동경(Kwak, Tong-Kyung),강명희(Kang, Myung-Hee),최영선(Choi, Young-Sun) 한국영양학회 2017 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.50 No.2

본 연구는 생애주기별 영양지수 중 청소년을 위한 영양지수 (Nutrition Quotient for Adolescents, NQ-A) 모형을 개발하고자 수행되었다. 영양지수 평가항목 선정을 위해 식품섭취영역에서 20개 문항, 식행동·식습관 영역에서 21개 문항의 총 41개 문항으로 구성된 파일럿 조사용 체크리스트를 개발하였다. 청소년 213명을 대상으로 1일의 식사 섭취실태 조사를 포함한 파일럿 조사를 수행하고, 체크리스트 항목 점수와 식사섭취실태 관련 변수들 간의 상관관계가 높은 24개의 평가항목으로 구성된 전국단위 조사용 체크리스트를 개발하였다. 전국단위 조사는 시도별 집락별로 층화추출된 중고등학생 1,547명에 대해 구조화된 설문지로 면대면 조사를 수행하였고, 탐색적 요인분석을 수행하여 청소년 영양지수의 평가 항목을 19개 항목의 5개 요인으로 분류하고, 구조방정식 모형을 이용해 평가 항목의 구성타당도를 검증하고 추정된 경로계수를 가중치로 적용하였다. 청소년 영양지수를 위한 5개의 요인과 가중치는 각각 균형 0.25, 다양 0.15, 절제 0.25, 환경 0.15, 실천 0.20이었다. 균형 영역에는 과일 섭취 빈도, 흰 우유 섭취 빈도, 콩류 섭취 빈도, 생선 섭취 빈도의 4개 항목이 포함되었고, 다양 영역은 채소 반찬 섭취 빈도, 반찬 골고루 먹는 정도, 편식 정도의 3개 항목, 절제 영역은 과자 또는 달거나 기름진 빵 섭취 빈도, 가공 음료 섭취 빈도, 라면 섭취 빈도, 카페인 음료섭취 빈도, 야식 섭취 빈도, 길거리 음식 섭취 빈도의 6개 항목, 환경 영역은 아침식사 빈도, 식탁에 앉아서 식사하는 정도, TV·핸드폰·컴퓨터 사용 시간의 3개 항목, 그리고 실천 영역은 영양 표시 확인 정도, 음식 먹기 전 손 씻는 정도, 운동 빈도의 3개 항목이 포함되었다. 전국단위 조사대상자의 영양지수 (NQ-A) 평균 점수는 56.0점이었고, 세부 영역별로는 균형 58.6점, 다양 55.6점, 절제 48.1점, 환경 70.6점, 실천 52.1점이었다. 영양지수 점수와 각 영역별 등급은 전국 조사 결과의 백분위수 분포를 기준으로 75~100 백분위의 경우 ‘상’ 등급, 25 ~ <75 백분위의 경우 ‘중’ 등급, 0 ~ <25 백분위는 ‘하’ 등급으로 분류하였다. 영양지수의 경우 63.1~100점은 ‘상’ 등급, 49.0~63점은 ‘중’ 등급, 0~48.9점은 ‘하’ 등급으로 판정되었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 청소년을 위한 영양지수는 19개 항목으로 구성된 식행동 체크리스트를 통해 영양지수 점수와 균형, 다양, 절제, 환경, 실천 영역의 점수를 산출할 수 있으며, 상대적인 NQ 등급 부여를 통해 식사의 질과 식행동이 양호한 지를 판정할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 개발된 청소년용 영양지수 (NQ-A)가 청소년의 식사의 질과 식행동 평가 및 영양교육의 효과 평가 등에 많이 활용될 것으로 기대된다. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a nutrition quotient for adolescents (NQ-A) to assess overall dietary quality and food behavior of Korean adolescents. Methods: Development of the NQ-A was undertaken in three steps: item generation, item reduction, and validation. Candidate items of the NQ-A checklist were selected based on literature reviews, results of the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, dietary guidelines for Korean adolescents, expert in-depth interviews, and national nutrition policies and recommendations. A total of 213 middle and high school students participated in a one-day dietary record survey and responded to 41 items in the food behavior checklist. Pearson"s correlation coefficients between the responses to the checklist items along with nutritional status of the adolescents were calculated. Item reduction was performed, and 24 items were selected for the nation-wide survey. A total of 1,547 adolescents from 17 cities completed the checklist questionnaire. Exploratory factor and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to develop a final NQ-A model. Results: Nineteen items were finalized as the checklist items for the NQ-A. Checklist items were composed of five factors (balance, diversity, moderation, environment, and practice). The five-factor structure accounted for 47.2% of the total variance. Standardized path coefficients were used as weights of the items. The NQ-A and five-factor scores were calculated based on the obtained weights of the questionnaire items. Conclusion: Nutrition Quotient for adolescents (NQ-A) would be a useful instrument for evaluating dietary quality and food behavior of Korean adolescents. Further research on NQ-A is needed to reflect changes in adolescent"s food behavior and environment.

한국인과 미국인의 생애주기별 칼슘섭취 현황 비교

유아름 ( Areum Yu ),양윤정 ( Yoon Jung Yang ),정사랑 ( Sa Rang Jeong ),김지혜 ( Ji Hye Kim1 ),김유진 ( You Jin Kim ),권오란 ( O Ran Kwon ),오세영 ( Se Young Oh ),김정현 ( Jung Hyun Kim ) 대한영양사협회 2013 대한영양사협회 학술지 Vol.19 No.1

Calcium intake has been insufficient in all age groups in previous Korean national surveys. This study was conducted to investigate calcium intake in Korean and American populations at different ages. We analyzed two national survey data: the 2007∼2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and the 2007∼2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Statistically, survey procedures were applied using the weight, cluster, and strata variables. The mean calcium intake of Koreans at ages of 1∼2 y, 3∼5 y, 6∼11 y, 12∼18 y, 19∼64 y, and 65+y was lower than American populations at those ages. The sufficient proportions based on Korean Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) of 1∼2 y, 3∼5 y, 6∼11 y, 12∼18 y, 19∼64 y, and 65+y in Koreans were 45.5%, 33.1%, 24.3%, 16.6%, 32.7%, and 19.0%. While the sufficient rates based on American EAR of 1∼3 y, 4∼8 y, 9∼13 y, 14∼18 y, 19∼30 y, 31∼50 y, 51∼70 y, and 71+y in US population were 88.5%, 54.4%, 35.2%, 35.8%, 55.3%, 55.2%, 40.6%, and 24.5%. Overall, the major foods contributing to calcium intakes in Koreans were milk, baechukimchi, and anchovies, whereas, milk products, pasta, or bread were major contributions to calcium in American populations. The calcium supplement intakes in the American population were 5.5 mg (1∼2 y), 15.5 mg (3∼5 y), 13.9 mg (6∼11 y), 35.7 mg (12∼18 y), 150.3 mg (19∼64 y) and 334.4 mg (≥65 y). These results suggest that Korean adolescents and older adults are the most insufficient in dietary calcium intakes among Koreans. In order to accurately estimate calcium intakes in Korean populations, calcium supplements and calcium-fortified foods should be considered.

Antidepressant-Like and Neuroprotective Effects of Ethanol Extract from the Root Bark of <i> Hibiscus syriacus</i> L.

Kim, Young Hwa,Im, A-Rang,Park, Bo-Kyung,Paek, Seung Ho,Choi, Goya,Kim, Yu Ri,Whang, Wan Kyunn,Lee, Kang Hee,Oh, Seung-Eun,Lee, Mi Young Hindawi 2018 BioMed research international Vol.2018 No.-

<P><I>Hibiscus syriacus </I>L. (Malvaceae) is an important ornamental shrub in horticulture and has been widely used as a medical material in Asia. The aim of this study was to assess the antidepressant and neuroprotective effects of a root bark extract of<I> H. syriacus </I>(HSR) and to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Using an animal model of restraint stress, we investigated the effects of HSR on depressive-like behaviors and on the expression levels of serotonin, corticosterone, and neurotrophic factors in the brain. The mice were exposed to restraint stress for 2 h per day over a period of 3 weeks and orally treated with HSR (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day). We also examined the neuroprotective effect of HSR using corticosterone-treated human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. The cells were incubated with the extract for 24 h, followed by corticosterone stimulation for 1 h, and then cell viability assay, cellular ATP assay, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) assay, cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, and western blotting were used to investigate the neuroprotective effects of HSR. Administration of HSR not only reduced the immobility times of the restraint-stressed mice in the forced swimming and tail suspension tests, but also significantly increased sucrose preference in the sucrose preference test. In addition, HSR significantly reduced the plasma levels of corticosterone and increased the brain levels of serotonin. The extract also increased the phosphorylation level of cyclic AMP response element-binding (CREB) protein and the expression level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The in vitro assays showed that HSR pretreatment increased cell viability and ATP levels, recovered MMP, decreased ROS levels, and increased the expression of CREB and BDNF in corticosterone-induced neurotoxicity. Taken together, our data suggest that HSR may have the potential to control neuronal cell damage and depressive behaviors caused by chronic stress.</P>

Enhanced optical response of hybridized VO2/graphene films.

Kim, Hyeongkeun,Kim, Yena,Kim, TaeYoung,Jang, A-Rang,Jeong, Hu Young,Han, Seung Ho,Yoon, Dae Ho,Shin, Hyeon Suk,Bae, Dong Jae,Kim, Keun Soo,Yang, Woo Seok RSC Pub 2013 Nanoscale Vol.5 No.7

<P>Application of graphene as transparent electrodes is an active research area due to its excellent electrical and optical properties. Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is an attractive material since it is a thermochromic material that undergoes a structural phase transition when heat is applied. The phase transition results in the change of electrical and optical characteristics. We report optical characteristics of hybrid materials of graphene and VO2. We observed a 12% improvement in infrared transmittance with VO2 films deposited on graphene sapphire substrates compared to that of bare sapphire substrates. We also found that the phase transition temperature decreases as the number of graphene layers on the substrates increases. In the case of VO2 films on the substrate that was coated with four layers of graphene, the mean phase transition temperature was lowered to 56 C.</P>

Analysis of surface energy balance closure over heterogeneous surfaces

Kim, Soojin,Lee, Young-Hee,Kim, Kyu Rang,Park, Young-San Springer-Verlag 2014 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.50 No.1

Hydrophobically modified glycol chitosan nanoparticles as carriers for paclitaxel

Kim, Jong-Ho,Kim, Yoo-Shin,Kim, Sungwon,Park, Jae Hyung,Kim, Kwangmeyung,Choi, Kuiwon,Chung, Hesson,Jeong, Seo Young,Park, Rang-Woon,Kim, In-San,Kwon, Ick Chan Elsevier 2006 Journal of controlled release Vol.111 No.1-2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Self-assembled nanoparticles based on hydrophobically modified glycol chitosan (HGC) were prepared as a carrier for paclitaxel. HGC conjugates were prepared by chemically linking 5β-cholanic acid to glycol chitosan chains using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide chemistry. In phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; pH 7.4), the synthesized HGC conjugates formed nano-sized particles with a diameter of 200 nm and exhibited high thermodynamic stability as reflected by their low critical aggregation concentration (0.03 mg/ml). Paclitaxel was efficiently loaded into HGC nanoparticles up to 10 wt.% using a dialysis method. The paclitaxel-loaded HGC (PTX-HGC) nanoparticles were 400 nm in diameter and were stable in PBS for 10 days. These PTX-HGC nanoparticles also showed sustained release of the incorporated of paclitaxel (80% of the loaded dose was released in 8 days at 37 °C in PBS). Owing to sustained release, the PTX-HGC nanoparticles were less cytotoxic to B16F10 melanoma cells than free paclitaxel formulated in Cremophor EL. Injection of PTX-HGC nanoparticles into the tail vein of tumor-bearing mice prevented increases in tumor volume for 8 days. Finally, PTX was less toxic to the tumor-bearing mice when formulated in HGC nanoparticles than when formulated with Cremophor EL.</P>

Inflexible eye fixation pattern in schizophrenia affecting decision-making on daily life

Kim, Soo-Jeong,Hong, Yeon-Ju,Kim, Min-Woo,Jung, Young-Hoon,Min, Sa-Rang,Kim, Jae-Jin Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press 2019 Psychiatry research Vol.274 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Patients with schizophrenia have difficulties in real life due to impairment in ability to make decisions. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between impaired decision-making processes with real life stimuli and abnormal eye gaze patterns in patients with schizophrenia. Each of 23 patients with schizophrenia and 23 healthy controls performed an apparel purchase decision task including the influencing factors such as preference, fit, and price, during which the eye gaze was traced. Fixation time and fixation time ratio on areas of interest, which were set for participant faces and clothing, were compared between the two groups. Compared with controls, patients made purchase decisions at a higher rate and showed significantly shorter fixation time on clothing in the preference, fit, and price phases and on faces in the purchase phase. Fixation time ratio of face over clothing did not change over purchase decisions in patients, whereas controls showed significantly higher fixation time ratio in not-to-buy decisions than in to-buy decisions. These results suggest that aberrant decision-making behaviors in patients with schizophrenia are closely related to inflexible visual information gathering patterns because they apportion the same amount of attention to objects regardless of purchase intention.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Patients with schizophrenia made purchase decisions at a higher rate. </LI> <LI> Patients showed shorter fixation on clothing or faces during purchase decisions. </LI> <LI> In patients, fixation time ratio did not change over purchase decisions. </LI> <LI> In controls, fixation time ratio was higher in not-to-buy than to-buy decisions. </LI> <LI> Aberrant decision-making behaviors are closely related to inflexible gaze patterns. </LI> </UL> </P>

Interaction analysis between genetic polymorphisms and pharmacodynamic effect in patients treated with adjunctive cilostazol to dual antiplatelet therapy: results of the ACCEL‐TRIPLE (Accelerated Platelet Inhibition by Triple Antiplatelet Therapy

Kim, In‐,Suk,Jeong, Young‐,Hoon,Park, Yongwhi,Yoon, Seong‐,Eun,Kwon, Tae Jung,Park, Jeong Rang,Hwang, Seok‐,Jae,Koh, Eun‐,Ha,Kwak, Choong Hwan,Hwang, Jin‐,Yong,Kim, Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012 British journal of clinical pharmacology Vol.73 No.4

<P><B>WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT</B></P><P>• Compared with standard dual antiplatelet therapy, adjunctive cilostazol to dual antiplatelet therapy ('triple antiplatelet therapy’) has a potential to reduce ischemic event occurrence after percutaneous coronary intervention.</P><P>• The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of clopidogrel have been significantly influenced by the enzyme activity of the <I>ABCB1 C3435T</I> and the <I>CYP2C19</I> system.</P><P>• For the pharmacokinetics of cilostazol, genetic polymorphisms of the <I>CYP3A5</I> and <I>CYP2C19</I> have been associated with the substantial interindividual variability in healthy volunteers.</P><P><B>WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS</B></P><P>• Loss‐of‐function polymorphism of the <I>CYP2C19</I> gene, but not the <I>ABCB1 C3435T</I> and <I>CYP3A5*3</I> genes, affects the antiplatelet effect of triple antiplatelet therapy.</P><P>• Most of extensive and intermediate East Asian metabolizers (0 or 1 <I>CYP2C19</I> loss‐of‐function allele) show adequate platelet inhibition when treated with triple antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention.</P><P>• However, carriage of 2 <I>CYP2C19</I> loss‐of‐function alleles is still associated with the risk of high platelet reactivity (defined by by 5 µM ADP‐induced maximal platelet aggregation >46%), which clinical impact needs to be validated in future clinical trials.</P><P><B>AIMS</B> Although adjunctive cilostazol to dual antiplatelet therapy can reduce the risks of clinical events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), whether genetic polymorphism can influence the pharmacodynamics of this regimen has not been evaluated.</P><P><B>METHODS</B> One hundred and twenty‐seven patients treated with PCI and taking triple antiplatelet therapy (≥1 month) were enrolled. Platelet reactivity was assessed by conventional aggregometry and the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay. High on‐treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) was defined as 5 µ<SMALL>m</SMALL> ADP‐induced maximal platelet reactivity (Agg<SUB>max</SUB>) >46%. <I>CYP3A5</I>*<I>3</I>, <I>CYP2C19</I>*<I>2/</I>*<I>3</I> and <I>ABCB1</I> 3435C > T were genotyped.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B> <I>CYP3A5</I>*3 and <I>ABCB1</I> 3435C > T variants did not affect the antiplatelet effect of triple antiplatelet therapy. For non‐carriers, one and two carriers of the <I>CYP2C19</I> loss‐of‐function (LOF) allele, Agg<SUB>max</SUB> consecutively increased after the addition of 5 µ<SMALL>m</SMALL>[mean (95% confidence intervals): 24.6% (20.8 to 28.5%) <I>vs.</I> 28.7% (25.4 to 32.0%) <I>vs.</I> 32.3% (25.8 to 38.7%), <I>P =</I> 0.062, respectively] and 20 µ<SMALL>m</SMALL> ADP [34.2% (29.3 to 39.0%) <I>vs.</I> 41.7% (37.8 to 45.6%) vs. 44.9% (37.9 to 51.9%), <I>P</I> = 0.007, respectively]. Likewise, late platelet reactivity and P2Y12 reaction units proportionally changed according to the number of <I>CYP2C19</I> LOF alleles. HPRs were observed in 9.2% of subjects: 6.3%, 7.4% and 20.0% with 0, 1 and 2 carriers of <I>CYP2C19</I> LOF allele(s) (<I>P</I> = 0.099). In multivariate analysis, carriage of two <I>CYP2C19</I> LOF alleles was a significant predictor for the prevalence of HPR (odds ratio 5.78, 95% CI 1.21, 27.78, <I>P</I> = 0.028).</P><P><B>CONCLUSION</B> Among PCI‐treated patients, the effect of triple antiplatelet therapy is influenced by the <I>CYP2C19</I> LOF allele. Its clinical benefit needs to be validated according to the <I>CYP2C19</I> metabolic phenotype in future clinical trials. [Adjunctive Cilostazol Versus High Maintenance dose ClopidogrEL in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients According to CYP2C19 Polymorphism (ACCEL‐AMI‐2C19), NCT00915733 and Adjunctive Cilostazol Versus High Maintenance‐dose Clopidog

Study of the Electroless Deposition of Ni for Betavoltaic Battery Using PN Junction without Seed Layer

Kim, Jin Joo,Uhm, Young Rang,Choi, Byoung Gun,Son, Kwang Jae Hindawi Limited 2015 Journal of nanomaterials Vol.2015 No.-

<P>The method and conditions of Ni plating were optimized to maximize the output of a betavoltaic battery using radioactive<SUP>63</SUP>Ni. The difference of the short circuit currents between the pre- and postdeposition of<SUP>63</SUP>Ni on the PN junction was 90 nA at theI-Vcharacteristics. It is suspected that the beta rays emitted from<SUP>63</SUP>Ni did not deeply penetrate into the PN junction due to a Ni seed layer with a thickness of 500 Å. To increase the penetration of the beta rays, electroless Ni plating was carried out on the PN junction without a seed layer. To establish the electroless coating conditions for<SUP>63</SUP>Ni, nonradioactive Ni was deposited onto a Si wafer without flaws on the surface. This process can be applied for electroless Ni plating on a PN junction semiconductor using radioactive<SUP>63</SUP>Ni in further studies.</P>