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Age-Dependent Sensitivity to the Neurotoxic Environmental Metabolite, 1,2-Diacetylbenzene
( Ngoc Minh Hong Hoang ),( Sungjin Kim ),( Hai Duc Nguyen ),( Minjo Kim ),( Jin Kim ),( Byoung-chul Kim ),( Daeui Park ),( Sujun Lee ),( Byung Pal Yu ),( Hae Young Chung ),( Min-sun Kim ) 한국응용약물학회 2021 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.29 No.4
1,2-Diacetylbenzene (DAB) is a metabolite of 1,2-diethylbenzene, which is commonly used in the manufacture of plastics and gasoline. We examined the neurotoxic effects of DAB in young and old rats, particularly its effects on hippocampus. Previously, we reported DAB impairs hippocampal neurogenesis but that the underlying mechanism remained unclear. In this study, we evaluate the toxicities exhibited by DAB in the hippocampi of 6-month-old (young) and 20-month-old (old) male SD rats by treating animals intraperitoneally with DAB at 3 mg/kg/day for 1 week. Hippocampal areas were dissected from brains and RNA was extracted and subjected to RNA-seq analysis. RNA results showed animals exhibited age-dependent sensitivity to the neurotoxic effects of DAB. We observed that inflammatory pathways were up-regulated in old rats but that metabolism- and detoxification-related pathways were up-regulated in young rats. This result in old rats, especially upregulation of the TREM1 signaling pathway (an inflammatory response involved in Alzheimer’s disease (AD)) was confirmed by RT-PCR. Our study results provide a better understanding of age-dependent responses to DAB and new insight into the association between DAB and AD.
( Minh Truong Do ),( Hyung Gyun Kim ),( Thi Thu Phuong Tran ),( Tilak Khanal ),( Jae Ho Choi ),( Young Chul Chung ),( Tae Cheon Jeong ),( Hye Gwang Jeong ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-
Induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 and CYP1B1 by environmental xenobiotic chemicals or endogenous ligands through the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been implicated in a variety of cellular processes related to cancer, such as transformation and tumorigenesis. Here, we investigated the effects of the adti-diabetes drug metformin on expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 in breast cancer cells under constitutive and inducible conditions. Our results indicated that metformin down- regulated the expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 in breast cancer cells under constitutive and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(TCDD)-induced conditions. Down-regulation of AhR expression was required for metformin-mediated decreases in CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 expression, and the metformin-mediated CYP1A1 reduction is irrelevant to estrogen receptor a(Era) signaling. Furthermore, we found that metformin markedly down-regulated Sp1 protein levels in breast cancer cells, The use of genetic and pharmacological tools revealed that metformin-mediated down-regulation of AhR expression was mediated through the reduction of Sp1 protein. Metformin inhibited en-dogenous AHR Ligand-induced CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 expression by suppressing tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) expression in MCF-7 cells. Finally, metformin inhibits TDO expression through a down-regulation of Sp1 and glucocorticoid receptor(GR) protein levels. Our findings demonstrate that metformin reduces CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 expression in breast cancer cells by down-regulating AhR signaling. Merformin would be able to act as a potential chemopreventive agent against CYP1A1 and CYP1B1-mediated carcinogenesis and development of cancer. ⓒ2014 Elsevier lnc. All rights reserved.
( Minh Truong Do ),( Hyung Gyun Kim ),( Thi Thu Phuong Tran ),( Tilak Khanal ),( Jae Ho Choi ),( Young Chul Chung ),( Tae Cheon Jeong ),( Hye Gwang Jeong ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2014 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.24 No.0
Induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 and CYP1B1 by environmental xenobiotic chemicals or endogenous ligands through the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been implicated in a variety of cellular processes related to cancer, such as transformation and tumorigenesis. Here, we investigated the effects of the anti-diabetes drug metformin on expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 in breast cancer cells under constitutive and inducible conditions. Our results indicated that metformin down-regulated the expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 in breast cancer cells under constitutive and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced conditions. Down-regulation of AhR expression was required for metformin-mediated decreases in CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 expression, and the metformin-mediated CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 reduction is irrelevant to estrogen receptor α (ERα) signaling. Furthermore, we found that metformin markedly down-regulated Sp1 protein levels in breast cancer cells. The use of genetic and pharmacological tools revealed that metformin-mediated down-regulation of AhR expression was mediated through the reduction of Sp1 protein. Metformin inhibited endogenous AhR ligand-induced CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 expression by suppressing tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) expression in MCF-7 cells. Finally, metformin inhibits TDO expression through a down-regulation of Sp1 and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) protein levels. Our findings demonstrate that metformin reduces CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 expression in breast cancer cells by down-regulating AhR signaling. Metformin would be able to act as a potential chemopreventive agent against CYP1A1 and CYP1B1-mediated carcinogenesis and development of cancer.ⓒ2014 Elsevier Lnc. All tights reserved.
Recent advanced applications of nanomaterials in microalgae biorefinery
Nguyen, Minh Kim,Moon, Ju-Young,Bui, Vu Khac Hoang,Oh, You-Kwan,Lee, Young-Chul Elsevier 2019 Algal research Vol.41 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Currently, although microalgae biorefinery is gaining attention in proportion to its demonstrated benefits, certain technical requirements need to be met, and cost issues need to be resolved before effective commercialization can be achieved. In both respects, multi-functional nanoparticles have been proposed as a promising potential solution. This review discusses the extensive studies that have been completed in the field of nanoparticles-aided microalgae biorefinery studies. Nanoparticle-support applications include cell/biomass growth enhancement and intracellular active compound production by induction of stress environments, application of backscattering light, and nutritional alteration. In the microalgae harvesting process, diverse nanoparticles can improve harvesting efficiency in a short time. In addition, the ability to re-use nanomaterials, as well as the integration of cell harvesting, disruption, and extraction also contributes to cost reduction. Moreover, many different nanocatalysts offer the ability to enhance biodiesel conversion efficiency. We hope that this review, in sketching out the current state of nano-aided technology in microalgae biorefinery, will contribute illuminating context and useful information for ongoing and future research.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Nanotechnology has been widely applied as an effective tool throughout microalgae biorefinery. </LI> <LI> The research on integrated multifunctional nanoparticles has made significant progress. </LI> <LI> Performance and simplicity of practical studies are still not high for industrial requirements. </LI> <LI> Potential and future research directions of nanotechnology-aided microalgae biorefinery are promising. </LI> </UL> </P>
Le Minh Nghia,June-Young Chang,Han-Jin Cho,Kim-Jong Chul,Jun-Dong Cho 대한전자공학회 2007 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2007 No.7
This paper addresses to the analysis new capabilities in parallel execution of Quarter-pixel Interpolation for Luminance data of H.264/AVC onto concurrent processors system-on-chip. We first exploit a parallelism of the Quarter-pixel interpolation specifically to decrease its execution time. Next, we analyze the capability in parallel execution of Quarter-pixel interpolation onto concurrent processors of system-on-chip. By exploiting the data dependencies in calculation 6-tap FIR and Bi-linear filters, that are two principal filters in Interpolation block, for interpolated pixels of each 4x4 sub-macro block, we proposed a new solution to increase the execution speed by combining concurrent execution processing elements and three-stage pipelined scheduling. In addition, we also considered to the reused data and multiplierless in efficient implementation two kind of filters. The proposed solution using parallel techniques in terms of concurrent processing elements and pipelined scheduling can accelerate the speedup of realizing Quarter-pixel Interpolation in H.264/AVC decoder.
KINEMATICS AND CHEMISTRY OF THE S140/L1204 MOLECULAR COMPLEX
Park, Yong-Sun,Minh, Young-Chul The Korean Astronomical Society 1995 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.28 No.2
The HII region S140 and the associated molecular cloud L1204 have been observed with 10 molecular transitions, CO (1-0), $^{13}CO$ (1-0), $C^{18}O$ (1-0), CS (2-1), $HCO^+$ (1-0), HCN (1-0), SO (${2_2}-{1_1}$), $SO_2(2_{20}-3_{13})$, OCS (8-7), and $HNCO\;(4_{04}-3_{03})$ with ${\sim}50"$ angular resolutions. More than 7,000 spectra were obtained in total. The morphology of this region shows a massive fragment (the S140 core) and the extended envelope to the northeast. Several gas condensations have been identified in the envelope, having masses of ${\sim}10^{3}M_{\odot}$ and gas number densities of ${\lesssim}10^{4}cm^{-3}$ to $3{\times}10^{5}cm^{-3}$ in their cores. The column densities of the observed molecular species toward the S140 core appear to be the typical warm clouds' abundances. It seems to be that the S140 core and L1204 have been swept up by an expanding shell called the Cepheus bubble. The large value of $L_{IR}$(embedded\;stars)/$M_{cloud}\;{\sim}\;5\;L_{\odot}$/$M_{\odot}$ of the S140 core may suggest that the star formation has been stimulated by the HII region, but the shock velocity and the pressure of the region seem to give a hint of the spontaneous star formation by the self gravity.
( Tilak Khanal ),( Hyung Gyun Kim ),( Minh Truong Do ),( Jae Ho Choi ),( Seong Su Won ),( Wonku Kang ),( Young Chul Chung ),( Tae Cheon Jeong ),( Hye Gwang Jeong ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2014 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.24 No.0
Leptin, a hormone with multiple biological actions, is produced predominantly by adipose tissue. Among its functions, leptin can stimulate tumour cell growth. Oestrogen receptor α (ERα), which plays an essential role in breast cancer development, can be transcriptionally activated in a ligand-independent manner. In this study, we investigated the effect of leptin on CYP1B1 expression and its mechanism in breast cancer cells. Leptin induced CYP1B1 protein, messenger RNA expression and promoter activity in ERα-positive MCF-7 cells but not in ERα-negative MDA-MB-231 cells. Additionally, leptin increased 4-hydroxyoestradiol in MCF-7 cells. Also, ERα knockdown by siRNA significantly blocked the induction of CYP1B1 expression by leptin, indicating that leptin induced CYP1B1 expression via an ERα-dependent mechanism. Transient transfection with CYP1B1 deletion promoter constructs revealed that the oestrogen response element (ERE) plays important role in the up-regulation of CYP1B1 by leptin. Furthermore, leptin stimulated phosphorylation of ERα at serine residues 118 and 167 and increased ERE-luciferase activity, indicating that leptin induced CYP1B1 expression by ERα activation. Finally, we found that leptin activated ERK and Akt signalling pathways, which are upstream kinases related to ERα phosphorylation induced by leptin. Taken together, our results indicate that leptin-induced CYP1B1 expression is mediated by ligand-independent activation of the ERα pathway as a result of the activation of ERK and Akt in MCF-7 cells.ⓒ2014 Elsevier inc. All rights resenved.