VEGF-A regulated by progesterone governs uterine angiogenesis and vascular remodelling during pregnancy

Kim, Minah,Park, Hyeung Ju,Seol, Jae Won,Jang, Jeon Yeob,Cho, Young-Suk,Kim, Kyu Rae,Choi, Youngsok,Lydon, John P,DeMayo, Francesco J,Shibuya, Masabumi,Ferrara, Napoleone,Sung, Hoon-Ki,Nagy, Andras,Al Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2013 EMBO molecular medicine Vol.5 No.9

<P>The features and regulation of uterine angiogenesis and vascular remodelling during pregnancy are poorly defined. Here we show that dynamic and variable decidual angiogenesis (sprouting, intussusception and networking), and active vigorous vascular remodelling such as enlargement and elongation of ‘vascular sinus folding’ (VSF) and mural cell drop-out occur distinctly in a spatiotemporal manner in the rapidly growing mouse uterus during early pregnancy — just after implantation but before placentation. Decidual angiogenesis is mainly regulated through VEGF-A secreted from the progesterone receptor (PR)-expressing decidual stromal cells which are largely distributed in the anti-mesometrial region (AMR). In comparison, P<SUB>4</SUB>-PR-regulated VEGF-A-VEGFR2 signalling, ligand-independent VEGFR3 signalling and uterine natural killer (uNK) cells positively and coordinately regulate enlargement and elongation of VSF. During the postpartum period, Tie2 signalling could be involved in vascular maturation at the endometrium in a ligand-independent manner, with marked reduction of VEGF-A, VEGFR2 and PR expressions. Overall, we show that two key vascular growth factor receptors — VEGFR2 and Tie2 — strikingly but differentially regulate decidual angiogenesis and vascular remodelling in rapidly growing and regressing uteri in an organotypic manner.</P>

신장이식 환자에서 수술후 2 개월 이내의 핍뇨분석

권오상(Oh Sang Kwon),권영주(Young Joo Kwon),이영기(Young Gee Lee),정길만(Gil Mann Jung),김난희(Nan Hee Kim),장미경(Mi Kyoung Jang),김용섭(Yong Sub Kim),구자룡(Ja Ryong Ku),차대룡(Dae Ryong Cha),조원용(Won Yong Cho),표희정(Heui Jung P 대한내과학회 1998 대한내과학회지 Vol.54 No.1

N/A Objective: Graft survival rate has been improved due to newly developed immunosuppressive agents, care of recipient and operative method. However, since many risk factors are still threatening the graft survival, many studies have been underway to identify such factors, one of which has been on delayed graft function(DGF). Extending the definition of DGF to oliguria within 2 months postoperative period(POP), we began this study in order to evaluate what effects oliguria within 2 months POP have on graft survival and what are the risk factors involved. Methods: 103 patients who have had renal transplantation performed were divided into two groups (oliguric group and non-oliguric group), based on the presence or absence of oliguria within 2 months POP. Risk factors such as the recipient factors(age, gender), donor factors(age, gender), operative factors (warm ischemia time, intraoperative urine volume), HLA typing, postoperative hypotension, postoperative hypovolemia were compared between the two groups and the impact of oliguria on graft outcome was also analysed. Results: 1) 14 were Oliguric patients and 89 were non-oliguric patients. 2) One-year graft survival rate was 40% in the oliguric group and 98% in the non-oliguric group (P<0.05). 3) As the result of analyzing the risk factors, non living related donor(living non-related donor and cadaver donor) were 7(50%) in the oliguric group and 16(18%) in the non-oliguric group(P<0.05). The mean intraoperative urine volume was 442ml in the oliguric group and 774ml in the non-oliguric group (P<0.05). The occurrence of postoperative hypotension were 5(36%) in the oliguric group and 1 (1%) in the non-oliguric group(P<0.05). Other risk factors such as the recipient factors, donor factors, warm ischemia time, HLA typing and postoperative hypovolemia were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Graft survival rate in the oliguric group was lower than in the non-oliguric group. The risk factors for oliguria were non living related donor, intraoperative urine volume lower than 500ml and postoperative hypotension. In conclusion, renal transplantation from non living related donor needs to be proceeded with caution; the maintenance of intraoperative urine volume and the prevention of postoperative hypotension are essential for better graft outcome.

Case Report : Living Donor Liver Transplantation in a Korean Child with Glycogen Storage Disease Type IV and a GBE1 Mutation

( Hye Ryun Ban ),( Kyung Mo Kim ),( Joo Young Jang ),( Gu Hwan Kim ),( Han Wook You ),( Kyung Eun Kim ),( Eun Sil Yu ),( Dae Yeon Kim ),( Ki Hun Kim ),( Young Joo Lee ),( Sung Gyu Lee ),( Young Nyun P The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2009 Gut and Liver Vol.3 No.1

Glycogen storage disease type IV (GSD-IV) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by a deficient glycogen branching enzyme (GBE), encoded by the GBE1 gene, resulting in the accumulation of abnormal glycogen deposits in the liver and other tissues. We treated a 20-month-old girl who presented with progressive liver cirrhosis and was diagnosed with GSD-IV, as confirmed by GBE1 gene mutation analysis, and underwent living related heterozygous donor liver transplantation. Direct sequencing of the GBE1 gene revealed that the patient was compound heterozygous for a known c.1571G>A (p.Gly264Glu) mutation a novel c.791G>A (Arg524Gln) mutation. This is the first report of a Korean patient with GSD-IV confirmed by mutation analysis, who was treated successfully by liver transplantation. (Gut and Liver 2009;3:60-63)

2004학년도 용인대학교 재학생의 대학생활 만족도에 관한 연구

장선량,김혜영 [용인대학교 학생생활연구소] 2004 학생생활연구 Vol.12 No.-

This study was performed to investigate the degree of satisfaction of Yongin University students to their college life (n=1,237). The students answered the reason of college entrance as "for future job preparation". The first image of Yongin University was "conservative school". Then the second image was " a school with a big development capacity". The degree of school satisfaction was different among individual college students. The students in college of maritial arts or college of sport science had higher satisfaction than the students in college of arts or college of industry & information or college of natural science. The first concern to students was "the matter of future job and path in life". The dissatisfaction on school cafeteria and school bus schedule was high among students. The students wanted to have a fast food store, a drug store, a personal computer room, a bank, a study room, a smoking room in near future. The students had higher satisfaction to the service in students guidance center. The most wanted counselling theme of the students was about "future path in life".

십이지장궤양 환자에서 혈액형 및 흡연과 Helicobacter pylori 감염과의 상관 관계

김영수,최원,김영배,김명식,신용운,권계숙,이돈행,조현근,김범수,장재남 대한소화기학회 1999 대한소화기학회지 Vol.32 No.6

Background/Aims: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infects over half of world' s population and is associated with peptic ulcer disease. The age, sex, blood type O and smoking history are also known as the risk factors causing duodenal ulcer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between these risk factors and histology of gastritis associated with H. pylori. Methods: The study population consisted of 53 patients with endoscopically confirmed duodenal ulcer. The history of smoking was confirmed and ABO blood type was determined by slide agglutination. Two biopsy specimens were taken from the antrum during gastroscopy and were processed with routine H-E and alcian yellow-toluidine blue stain for grading of histologic finding and H. pylori colonization. The parameters (H. pylori colonization, neutrophil infiltration and the severity of chronic gastritis) tha could be assessed in a semi- quantitative fashion were graded on a scale ranging from 0 through 5 Results: H. pylori infection was identified in 92% (49/53) of patients with duodenal ulcer. However the scoring of H. pylori gastritis was not different statistically according to age, sex, blood type and smoking. Chronic gastritis of smoker was significantly severer than that of non-smoker (p$lt;0.05) Conclusions: We suggest that H. pylori infection is not correlated with age, sex, blood type and smoking in causing duodenal ulcer.

Increased level and interferon-γ production of circulating natural killer cells in patients with scrub typhus

Kang, Seung-Ji,Jin, Hye-Mi,Cho, Young-Nan,Kim, Seong Eun,Kim, Uh Jin,Park, Kyung-Hwa,Jang, Hee-Chang,Jung, Sook-In,Kee, Seung-Jung,Park, Yong-Wook,Day, Nicholas P. Public Library of Science 2017 PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol.11 No.7

<▼1><P><B>Background</B></P><P>Natural killer (NK) cells are essential immune cells against several pathogens. Not much is known regarding the roll of NK cells in <I>Orientia tsutsugamushi</I> infection. Thus, this study aims to determine the level, function, and clinical relevance of NK cells in patients with scrub typhus.</P><P><B>Methodology/Principal findings</B></P><P>This study enrolled fifty-six scrub typhus patients and 56 health controls (HCs). The patients were divided into subgroups according to their disease severity. A flow cytometry measured NK cell level and function in peripheral blood. Circulating NK cell levels and CD69 expressions were significantly increased in scrub typhus patients. Increased NK cell levels reflected disease severity. In scrub typhus patients, tests showed their NK cells produced higher amounts of interferon (IFN)-γ after stimulation with interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18 relative to those of HCs. Meanwhile, between scrub typhus patients and HCs, the cytotoxicity and degranulation of NK cells against K562 were comparable. CD69 expressions were recovered to the normal levels in the remission phase.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>This study shows that circulating NK cells are activated and numerically increased, and they produced more IFN-γ in scrub typhus patients.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author summary</B></P><P><I>Orientia tsutsugamushi</I> is an obligate intracellular bacterium. It primarily invades endothelial cells, macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells. Plasma concentrations of interferon (IFN)-γ, several cytokines and chemokines, which are known to recruit natural killer (NK) cells and T cells, were found to be increased in scrub typhus patients. NK cells are known as essential immune cells against several pathogens. In murine models of <I>Rickettsial</I> infection, the clearance of bacteria was found to be significantly associated with NK cell activity. Not much is known regarding NK cells’ role in <I>O</I>. <I>tsutsugamushi</I> infection in humans. This study is very possibly the first to measure NK cells’ level and function of in scrub typhus patients, or to examine NK cell levels’ clinical relevance. This study’s results demonstrate that circulating NK cells are activated and numerically increased in scrub typhus patients. Notably, increased production IFN-γ by NK cells of scrub typhus patients suggests their contribution to enhancement of intracellular bacterial killing in infected antigen presenting cells. Moreover, disease severity corresponded to increased NK cell levels. These findings importantly suggest that NK cells play a role in protecting the host against <I>O</I>. <I>tsutsugamushi</I> infection.</P></▼2>

T Lymphocytes Negatively Regulate Lymph Node Lymphatic Vessel Formation

Kataru, Raghu P.,Kim, Honsoul,Jang, Cholsoon,Choi, Dong Kyu,Koh, Bong Ihn,Kim, Minah,Gollamudi, Sudheer,Kim, Yun-Keun,Lee, Seung-Hyo,Koh, Gou Young Elsevier 2011 Immunity Vol.34 No.1

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Lymph node lymphatic vessels (LNLVs) serve as a conduit to drain antigens from peripheral tissues to within the lymph nodes. LNLV density is known to be positively regulated by vascular endothelial growth factors secreted by B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs). Here, we show that LNLV formation was negatively regulated by T cells. In both steady and inflammatory states, the density of LNLVs was increased in the absence of T cells but decreased when T cells were restored. Interferon-γ secretion by T cells suppressed lymphatic-specific genes in lymphatic endothelial cells and consequently caused marked reduction in LNLV formation. When T cells were depleted, recruitment of antigen-carrying DCs to LNs was augmented, reflecting a compensatory mechanism for antigen presentation to T cells through increased LNLVs. Thus, T cells maintain the homeostatic balance of LNLV density through a negative paracrine action of interferon-γ.</P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P><P><ce:figure id='dfig1'></ce:figure></P><P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Lymphatic vessels (LVs) are absent in the T cell zone of lymph nodes (LNs) ► T cells reduce LNLV density by secreting IFN-<B>γ</B> ► IFN-<B>γ</B> downregulates lymphatic-specific genes ► IFN-<B>γ</B> prevents lymphangiogenesis</P>

Resistance of CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy to gaseous hydrogen embrittlement

Zhao, Yakai,Lee, Dong-Hyun,Seok, Moo-Young,Lee, Jung-A,Phaniraj, M.P.,Suh, Jin-Yoo,Ha, Heon-Young,Kim, Ju-Young,Ramamurty, Upadrasta,Jang, Jae-il Elsevier 2017 Scripta materialia Vol.135 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The influence of hydrogen on the mechanical behavior of the CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) was examined through tensile and nanoindentation experiments on specimens hydrogenated via gaseous and electrochemical methods. Results show that the HEA's resistance to gaseous hydrogen embrittlement is better than that of two representative austenitic stainless steels, in spite of the fact that it absorbs a larger amount of hydrogen than the two steels. Reasons for this were discussed in terms of hydrogen-enhanced localized plasticity mechanism and the critical amount of hydrogen required for it. These were further substantiated by additional experiments on electrochemically charged specimens.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Molecular Imaging of Colorectal Tumors by Targeting Colon Cancer Secreted Protein-2 (CCSP-2)

Kim, Jaeil,Do, Eun-ju,Moinova, Helen,Bae, Sang Mun,Kang, Ja Young,Hong, Seung-Mo,Fink, Stephen P.,Joo, Jinmyoung,Suh, Young-Ah,Jang, Se Jin,Hwang, Sung Wook,Park, Sang Hyoung,Yang, Dong-Hoon,Ye, Byong Neoplasia Press 2017 Neoplasia Vol.19 No.10

<P>A versatile biomarker for detecting colonic adenoma and colon cancer has yet to be developed. Colon cancer secreted protein-2 (CCSP-2) is a protein specifically expressed and secreted in colon adenomas and cancers. We developed a fluorescent imaging method based on CCSP-2 targeting for a more sensitive and specific detection of colorectal tumors. CCSP-2 expression was evaluated in human colon adenoma and colorectal specimens. Anti–CCSP-2 antibody was labeled with a near-infrared fluorescent dye, FPR-675, and molecular imaging of surgical human colorectal tumors was performed. Immunohistochemistry identified CCSP-2 expression in 87.0% of colorectal cancer specimens and 89.5% of colon adenoma specimens. Fluorescence imaging of surgical human colon specimens after spraying treatment with the probe permitted a clear distinction of cancer from paired normal colon tissue (target-to-background ratio, 4.09 ± 0.42; <I>P</I> < .001). CCSP-2 targeting imaging was also evaluated in patient-derived colon cancer xenograft mouse and liver metastasis murine models. CCSP-2–positive colon cancer xenografts and liver metastases were visualized by near-infrared fluorescence imaging after intravenous injection of the probe, which showed significantly higher fluorescence. Our results show that CCSP-2 is a promising marker for colorectal tumor detection in clinical settings and that a CCSP-2–targeting molecular imaging strategy might improve the diagnosis of colorectal tumors in metastatic or recurrent cancers and aid in early colonoscopic detection of premalignant lesions.</P>

Critical role of CD11b+ macrophages and VEGF in inflammatory lymphangiogenesis, antigen clearance, and inflammation resolution

Kataru, Raghu P.,Jung, Keehoon,Jang, Cholsoon,Yang, Hanseul,Schwendener, Reto A.,Baik, Jung Eun,Han, Seung Hyun,Alitalo, Kari,Koh, Gou Young American Society of Hematology 2009 Blood Vol.113 No.22

<P>Using a bacterial pathogen-induced acute inflammation model in the skin, we defined the roles of local lymphatic vessels and draining lymph nodes (DLNs) in antigen clearance and inflammation resolution. At the peak day of inflammation, robust expansion of lymphatic vessels and profound infiltration of CD11b+/Gr-1+ macrophages into the inflamed skin and DLN were observed. Moreover, lymph flow and inflammatory cell migration from the inflamed skin to DLNs were enhanced. Concomitantly, the expression of lymphangiogenic growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C), VEGF-D, and VEGF-A were significantly up-regulated in the inflamed skin, DLNs, and particularly in enriched CD11b+ macrophages from the DLNs. Depletion of macrophages, or blockade of VEGF-C/D or VEGF-A, largely attenuated these phenomena, and produced notably delayed antigen clearance and inflammation resolution. Conversely, keratin 14 (K14)-VEGF-C transgenic mice, which have dense and enlarged lymphatic vessels in the skin dermis, exhibited accelerated migration of inflammatory cells from the inflamed skin to the DLNs and faster antigen clearance and inflammation resolution. Taken together, these results indicate that VEGF-C, -D, and -A derived from the CD11b+/Gr-1+ macrophages and local inflamed tissues play a critical role in promoting antigen clearance and inflammation resolution.</P>