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자기조절초점과 제품유형이 비교 광고 노출에 따른 소비자 반응에 미치는 영향
여준상,송환웅 한국방송광고공사 2007 광고연구 Vol.0 No.77
Although many researches addressed the effectiveness of comparative advertising, the results of comparative ad. effects compared to non-comparative ad. were mixed and the researches on the reason of this complexity were little. Thus, this research applied self-regulatory focus and hedonic-utilitarian framework which are discussed frequently in recent years to explore the moderating role on comparative ad. effects, and predicted that persuasion knowledge would play roles as a potential mediator. 2(type of ad.: non-comparative/comparative) × 2(regulatory focus: promotion/prevention) × 2(type of product: hedonic/utilitarian) between subjects ANOVA demonstrated supports for our predictions. In case of the interaction hypothesis between ad. type and regulatory focus, subjects in promotion focus condition activated little persuasion knowledge about comparative ad., so the difference of post-exposure attitude between non-comparative ad. and comparative ad. was little. However, subjects in prevention focus condition activated much persuasion knowledge about comparative ad., so the attitude after exposed to non-comparative ad. was more positive than comparative ad.. In case of the interaction hypothesis between ad. type and product type, subjects in hedonic product condition activated little persuasion knowledge about comparative ad., so the difference of post-exposure attitude between non-comparative ad. and comparative ad. was little. However, subjects in utilitarian product condition activated much persuasion knowledge about comparative ad., so the attitude after exposed to non-comparative ad. was more positive than comparative ad.. 비교 광고의 효과성에 대한 논의는 지속적으로 이루어져 왔지만 기존의 비교 광고 연구를 살펴보면 일반 광고와 비교 광고 간의 효과 차이에 대한 의견이 혼재되어 있으며, 그러한 혼재 이유에 대해 명확한 설명을 해주는 연구가 많지 않다. 이에 본 연구는 일반 광고와 비교 광고에 대한 반응에 있어 조절적 영향을 미치는 요인을 찾기 위해 최근 사회 심리학과 소비자 행동에서 많이 논의되고 있는‘자기조절초점(self-regulatory focus)’과‘쾌락(hedonic)-실용(utilitarian) 제품유형’을 적용하였으며, 결과를 설명해주는 잠재적 매개 변수로‘설득지식(persuasionknowledge: 상술지각)’을 예상하였다. 2(광고유형: 일반 광고/비교 광고) × 2(조절초점: 촉진/방어) × 2(제품유형: 실용/쾌락) 집단 간 디자인의 실험 결과, 대부분의 결과가 가설과 일치되는 방향성을 보였다. 구체적으로 살펴보면, 우선 광고유형과 조절초점 간 상호작용 가설의 경우, 촉진초점에서는 비교 광고에 대한 설득지식 활성화가 약하여 일반-비교 광고 간 소비자 반응(광고태도, 브랜드 태도)에 차이가 없으나 방어초점에서는 비교 광고에 대한 설득지식 활성화가 강하여 비교 광고에 비해 일반 광고 노출 후 소비자 반응이 더 좋게 나타났다. 그 다음으로 광고유형과 제품유형간 상호작용 가설의 경우, 쾌락적 제품에서는 비교 광고에 대한 설득지식 활성화가 약해 일반-비교 광고 간 소비자 반응에 유의한 차이가 없으나 실용적 제품에서는 비교 광고에 대한 설득지식 활성화가 강해 비교 광고에 비해 일반 광고에 노출되었을 때 소비자 반응이 더 좋게 나타났다.
벼 생태학적 특성에 따른 등숙 및 이화학적 특성의 품종변이
곽태순,여준환 한국국제농업개발학회 2004 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.16 No.2
벼 생태형에 따른 NPT 4계통, 자포니카 4품종. 통일형 4품종. 인디카 4품종씩 각각 총 16품종을 이용하여 수상위치에 따라 상부일차지경(영화)립과 하부이차지경(영화)립으로 나누어 등숙 양상 및 이화학적 특성을 분석한 결과를 간단히 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 수상부위에 따른 등숙특성에서는 상부일차지경영화는 출수후 15일경까지는 계속 증가하다가 20일 이후는 급격히 떨어져 등숙후기에는 영화에 긴물 축적량이 매우 줄거나 감소하였으나 하부이차지경영화에서는 등숙초기에는 축직량이 크지않았으나 등숙후기까지 지속적으로 건물 축적이 계속되고, 특히 자포니카 품종군에서는 하부이차지경영화에서 후기등숙이 뚜렷했다. 2. 상부일차지경립과 하부이차지경립 모두 단백질함량은 NPT 품종군에서 자포니카. 인디카 및 통일형 품종군 보다 높아 고단백 품종육성에서 NPT 품종군의 활용가치가 인정되었다. 3. 아밀로스 함량은 NPT 초형의 품종이 자포니카, 인디카 및 통일형 품종군보다 유의성 있게 낮아 아밀로스함량을 떨어 떨리는데는 NPT혈통을 가진 품종을 활용함이 좋을 것으로 판단되었다. 4. 지방산함량은 인디카 품종군과 통일형 품종군이 NPT와 자포니카 품종군보다 상부일차지경립과 하부이차지경립 모두 높았으며, 분산도 높아 품종간에 변이의 폭이 뚜렷하였다. 5. 물리적 특성에서 헌미길이는 인디카 품종군이 가장 길었고 자포니카 품종군이 가장 짧았으며 두께는 NPT 품종군이 두껍게 나타나 생태형에 따른 품종군별로 물리적 특성이 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 6.수상위치에 따른 상부일차지경립과 하부이차지경립 모두 현미길이와 현미폭은 고도의 부의 상관이 있었고, 단백질함량은 이화학적 어떤 형질과도 상관이 없었으며 아밀로스 함량은 현미폭과 두께와는 고도의 부상관이 있으나 길이와는 유의성이 없었다. This study was aimed to get the classification of varietal variation in ripening and physico chemical properties of four rice ecotypes: (1) Japonica, (2) Indica, (3) Tongil type and (4) New Plant type. Sixteen cultivars consisting of 4 genotypes from each ecotype were selected. Two groups of spikelets from superior primary panicle branches and inferior secondary panicle branches were sampled and analyzed. The superior spikelets of primary panicle branches increased steadily the dry weight at 15 days after heading while decreased rapidly from 20 days after heading. On the contrary, the inferior spikelets of secondary panicle branches increased slowly dry weight at the late ripening stage. Especially, Japonica cultivars showed active ripening at late ripening stage. The new plant type had a higher protein content than the other ecotypes regardless the position of spikelets. Therefore, the new plant type seemed good germplasm sources for developing high protein cultivars. Amylose content of the new plant type was the lowest among 4 ecotypes. It was recommended to utilize this ecotype cultivars for breeding of low amylose variety. The genotypes of Indica and Tongil showed higher fatty acid content regardless the position of spikelets, as compared with the other two ecotypes. Also, varietal variance of fatty acid content was greater in those two ecotypes. The length of brown rice was the longest in Indica cultivars and the shortest in Japonica cultivars. The width of brown rice was the thickest in the new plant type cultivars. There was a significant difference in physical properties of brown rice among different ecotypes. And there was a negative correlation between length and width of brown rice regardless the position of spikelets. Fatty acid content of brown rice did not show any correlation with the other chemical properties. Amylose content had a high negative correlation between width or thickness of brown rice, while did not show any correlation with length of brown rice.
하악골 절제술후 재이식된 돌결자가골 재이식 : 치험 3례
김 식,김수관,김운규,김수민,류종희,이준길,조경안,김수흥,정태영,여환호 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2001 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.23 No.2
We described three cases of immediate reimplantation of a frozen-thawed autogenous mandible composed of a mixture of iliac bone, marrow, and particulate hydroxyapatite in tumors of the mandible. Acceptable outcomes were obtained in three patients who underwent immediate autogenous mandibular graft reconstruction. The conditions leading to successful outcome of the procedure are also discussed. Reimplantation of frozen autogenous lesioned mandible was performed in three patients with mandibular tumors. Two reimplanted grafts survived without complications following surgery. One case had postoperative infection that resolved with appropriate antibiotic treatment. There were no recurrences of the primary lesions. Satisfactory facial contour after surgery was achieved. These results are most promising, and we believe that, with further refinement, this technique will offer a new and acceptable modality for facial reconstruction in patients with cancer.
Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis due to <i>Halomonas hamiltonii</i> : A first case report
Yeo, Se Hwan,Kwak, Jae Hoon,Kim, Yeo Un,Lee, Jin Suk,Kim, Hyo Jin,Park, Kyoung Hwa,Lee, Jung Sook,Ha, Gyoung Yim,Lee, Jeong Ho,Lee, Jun Yeop,Yoo, Kyung Don Williams & Wilkins Co 2016 Medicine Vol.95 No.47
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Introduction:</B></P><P><I>Halomonas hamiltonii</I> is a Gram-negative, halophilic, motile, and nonspore-forming rod bacterium. Although most <I>Halomonas</I> sp. are commonly found in saline environments, it has rarely been implicated as a cause of human infection. Herein, the authors present a case report of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)-related peritonitis attributed to <I>H hamiltonii</I>.</P><P><B>Case presentation:</B></P><P>An 82-year-old male patient who had been receiving CAPD therapy presented to an emergency department with complaints of abdominal pain and cloudy dialysate that had persisted for 2 days. The peritoneal dialysate was compatible with CAPD peritonitis, with white blood cell count of peritoneal effluent of 810/mm<SUP>3</SUP> and neutrophils predominated (60%). Two days after culture on blood agar medium, nonhemolytic pink mucoid colonies showed, with cells showing Gram-negative, nonspore-forming rods with a few longer and larger bacilli than usual were found. We also performed biochemical tests and found negative responses in K/K on the triple sugar iron test and H<SUB>2</SUB>S and equivocal (very weak) response in the motility test, but positive responses to catalase, oxidase, and urease tests. The partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene of a bacterium detected by peritoneal fluid culture was utilized for a Basic Local Alignment Search Tool search, which revealed that the organism was <I>H hamiltonii</I>. Intraperitoneal antibiotics were administered for 21 days, and the patient was discharged without clinical problems.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>We present here the first case report of CAPD-related peritonitis caused by <I>H hamiltonii</I>, which was identified using molecular biological techniques. Although guidelines do not exist for the treatment of infections caused by this organism, conventional treatment for Gram-negative organisms could be effective.</P>