http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
조태린(Cho, Tae-Rin),김신각(Kim, Shin-Gak),유희재(Yu, Hui-Jae),김예지(Kim, Ye-Ji),이주희(Lee, Ju-Hee) 한국어문학회 2018 語文學 Vol.0 No.140
The purpose of this study is to set up the concept and classification standard of unethical linguistic expressions(ULEs) as word unit that can appear in the machine learning of interactive artificial intelligence systems and humans conversation. The study also examined the characteristics of each type, based on examples. According to the results of the study, ULEs as word unit can be divided into three categories: ‘swear words’, ‘vulgar words’, and ‘derogatory slangs’. These three types are common in that they are all regarded as ULEs in any variance of emergence. However, they differ in two attributes, aggression and degradation. This study also suggests that there are two other types of ULEs: the ‘Context’ type, in which certain expressions may or may not be used unethically according to the context, and the ‘Content’ type, which can not be considered unethical linguistic expression in of itself, but its related content can be unethical linguistic expression overall. Therefore, this study identifies that the word-based unethical linguistic expression is classified into five types such as ‘swear words’, ‘vulgar words’, ‘derogatory slang’, ‘context’, and ‘content’, and each of these characteristics and examples were reviewed extensively.
갓김치에서 분리한 캡사이신-내성 세균,Leuconostoc mesenteroides GK-10의 생리활성
김유진,나예린,이현호,오계헌 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2021 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.27 No.1.2
The aim of this work was to investigate the physiological activities of capsaicin-resistant bacterium, Leuconostoc mesenteroides GK-10 isolated from fully fermented mustard leaf kimchi. Initially, the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of strain GK-10 were examined. Based on phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA sequencing, the isolate was identified as L. mesenteroides GK-10 and phylogenetic tree of the strain was plotted. L. mesenteroides GK-10 grew well in the different concentrations of capsaicin (0-600 μg/mL). Various physiological activities (e.g., tyrosinase inhibitory activity, ACE inhibitory activity, antioxidant activity, SOD-like activity, depletion of sodium nitrite) of L. mesenteroides GK-10 cultures with different concentrations of capsaicin were evaluated and compared to the cultures of L. mesenteroides DK-3 as a standard strain. According to the results, all of the physiological activities evaluated in this work were considerably higher in L. mesenteroides GK-10 cultures with 600 μg/mL capsaicin compared to L. mesenteroides DK-3 cultures with the same capsaicin concentration, although the physiological activities of GK-10 were higher or lower compared to those of DK-3 in the absence of capsaicin. In consequence, this work showed that L. mesenteroides GK-10 strains can maintain their physiological activities despite the presence of high concentrations of capsaicin.
Disability-Adjusted Life Years for Communicable Disease in the Korean Burden of Disease Study 2012
Lee, Ye-Rin,Moon, Kanghee,Kim, Young Ae,Park, So-Youn,Oh, Chang-Mo,Lee, Kyung-Suk,Oh, In-Hwan The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2016 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.31 No.suppl2
<P>Globally, the incidence of communicable diseases has decreased compared to non-communicable diseases. However, chronic communicable diseases such as HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis persist worldwide. Furthermore, emerging new infections such as H1N1 influenza pose a new threat to public health. However, most studies have focused on non-communicable diseases because of their increasing incidence, with fewer studies investigating communicable diseases. Therefore, we estimated the burden of communicable diseases in Korea using national representative 2012 data. To estimate the disability-adjusted life years (DALY), we used cause of death data from the Statistics Korea to estimate the years of life lost (YLL), applied the Korean garbage code algorithm, and used national claims data from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) to estimate years lived with disability (YLD). In 2012, the total DALYs of communicable disease were 445 per 100,000, with 129 YLLs per 100,000 and 316 YLDs per 100,000. The total DALYs in men were 468 per 100,000, greater than the 422 per 100,000 DALYs seen in women. The DALYs of lower respiratory infections were the highest value among communicable diseases at 143/100,000 DALYs followed by tuberculosis and upper respiratory infections. The 40-49 years old age group had the largest number of total DALYs. In contrast, the over 80 years old age group had the largest number of total DALYs per 100,000 followed by the 70-79 and 0-9 years old age groups. These results enable the prioritization of interventions related to communicable diseases and can be used for evidence-based public health policies.</P>
Ye Rin Lee,Jinhee Kim,Sun Yi Lee,Jundae Lee 한국원예학회 2020 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.61 No.2
The octoploid strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is one of the most important horticultural crops in the world. However,few genomic studies have been performed in this plant due to its polyploidy nature and complex genome. In this work,we developed diallelic single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers using next-generation resequencing data and highresolutionmelting (HRM) analysis. We also constructed a genetic linkage map using an F 1 segregating population derivedfrom a cross between two cultivars, F. × ananassa ‘Sulhyang’ and ‘Senga-sengana’. A previous study revealed 20,848 SNPpositions that can be developed into HRM markers. In this study, 576 SNP-based and 34 simple sequence repeat (SSR)-based HRM markers were developed using 832 newly designed and 461 previously reported primer sets, respectively. Inaddition, a strawberry genetic linkage map covering a total genetic distance of 1504.7 cM and consisting of 759 loci on 35linkage groups was constructed. The linkage groups were assigned to corresponding chromosomes using the informativeSSR-based markers and a BLAST search to the diploid strawberry genome, Fragaria vesca ver. 2.0.a1. Furthermore, thegenome-wide HRM markers were applied to analyze the homozygosity of the inbred strawberry line ‘Wongyo 3115’, whichshowed a homozygosity of 96.6%. This marker and map information will be useful for future genomic and genetic researchof the octoploid strawberry.