한국 제조업에서 수출기업과 내수기업의 임금격차 분석

Yang Ling 忠南大學校 大學院 2018 국내석사

ABSTRACT A thesis submitted to the committee of Graduate School, Chungnam National University in a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in International Trade conferred in February 2018. An Analysis of the Wage Gap between Exporter and Non-exporter in Korean Manufacturing Industry Ling Yang Department of International Trade, Graduate School Chungnam National University (Supervised by Professor Keun Yeob Oh) In this study, the wage gap between exporter and non-exporter is analyzed using a panel data from Korean manufacturing industry. According to the theory, the wage gap can exist with the difference of productivities. It seems natural that firms can provide the higher wages when the labor productivities are higher. But this paper insists that there could be wage premium in the exporting firms even after we control the effects of the productivity differences. That may be because of some special situations for the developing countries. For example, the pressures from international organizations including ILO would make the exporting firms feel to pay higher wage. This paper analyzes the wage premium for the labors in the exporting firms panel regression methods. Wages are regressed on the exporter dummy variables, labor productivities, and other factors such as the firm size, and location of the firms. As the results, some interesting findings were obtained as follows. First, the wage gap between exporter and non-exporter was existing in the 2000s and the productivity difference was the main factor explaining the gap. Second, in addition to the productivity difference between exporter and non-exporter, some inherent factors of the exporter could also contribute to the wage gap. However, the wage gap due to these factors has been sharply decreasing recently.

Locus of Legitimacy and Entrepreneurial Resource Acquisition Strategies: Evidence from Social Enterprises in Korea and Taiwan.

Yi Ling Yang 서울시립대학교 2017 국내석사

본 연구는 생태론적 관점(ecology perspective)과 제도론적 관점(institution perspective)을 결합하여 정당성(legitimacy)에 대해 새로운 주장을 제안한 연구로, 정당성이 기인효과(imprinting force)로부터 영향을 받고 위치(loci)에 따라 외부적 정당성과 내부적 정당성으로 구분할 수 있는 것으로 주장하였다.한국과 대만의 사회적 기업 사례를 통하여 명제를 설명한 결과, 정당성의 위치(locus of legitimacy)는 기업가적 자원 확보 전략에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 연구의 결과를 통해 한국과 대만에 있는 사회적 기업들에 대해 실무적 시사점을 주지만 정당성 위치의 연구는 아직 초기이기 때문에 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. This article applies the convergent insights of ecology and institution perspectives to legitimacy literature. We suggest that legitimacy is influenced by imprinting force and can be divided by loci into external locus of legitimacy and internal locus of legitimacy. Through a case from Korea and a case from Taiwan, propositions are being verified. Result concludes that locus of legitimacy is deeply related to entrepreneurial resource acquisition strategies among human resource, financial resource, and network resource. This study contributes social enterprises especially in Korea and Taiwan for their practical operation. Finally, locus of legitimacy is a new perspective to the institutional theory and needs further developments.

중국 건강기능식품의 태도와 구매의도의 결정요인 : 구전효과의 조절역할을 중심으로

Yang, ling ling 충북대학교 대학원 2011 국내석사

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors which affect attitudes and purchase intention of healthy functional food. First, this study examines various consumption value variables(functional value, social value, emotional value, epistemic value, conditional value). Second, this paper is aiming to test whether the WOM plays as a moderating role by consumers when purchasing healthy functional food that affects the consumers purchase intention rate. The research used the measurement instruments made by previous researchers. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey from May 15 to June 5, 2010. The respondents were Chinese consumers who are living in Beijing and Shanghai in China. A total of 236 responses were collected using on-site survey (response rate 78%). For the data analysis, the SPSS 12.0 for Windows program and AMOS 6.0 program were used and various statistical techniques were used including frequency analysis, percentage, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, path analysis and χ²-test. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, functional value, emotional value, conditional value have a positive effect on consumers’ attitude towards heathy functional food. However on the other hand, social value and epistemic value have a negative effect on attitude towards heathy functional food. Second, the consumers’ attitude towards the heathy functional food showed a positive influence on the purchase intention. Third, the WOM has played a significant moderating role between consumers’ attitude towards heathy functional food and purchase intention. Finally, the results of this research can provide significant implications for various factors about heathy functional food of Chinese consumers for health food industry.

A Study of selected factors influencing analogical problem solving

Yang, Chu-ling University of Missouri-Columbia 1992 해외박사

Soong Mayling's 1943 American Speech Tour: A Study in the Rhetoric of Public Diplomacy

Yang, Ling ProQuest Dissertations & Theses The University of 2016 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation studies Soong Mayling's 1943 American speech tour, one of the most consequential episodes of public diplomacy in Sino-American history. From February 18 to April 4, 1943, Soong visited the United States, addressing both houses of Congress and large public audiences in New York, Boston, Chicago, San Francisco, and Los Angeles. Explicating the tour's origin, evolution, and culmination, this dissertation analyzes how Soong's speeches: (1) enhanced the joint front line in the Far East and forged a new dimension in U.S.-China relations; (2) elevated China's position in the international community and helped assure China's place at the Cairo Conference and in the new United Nations Security Council; and (3) helped construct new public perceptions of China and the Chinese people, perceptions that, in addition to influencing U.S. policy toward China, contributed to repeal of the Chinese Exclusion Act in December 1943. Chapter One introduces Soong Mayling's life experiences and discusses her creation of a cross-cultural channel for reaching a substantial international audience even before she came to the United States. Chapter Two explores how President Franklin Roosevelt initiated a private diplomacy project to build connections with Allied leaders, a project that eventually paved the way for Soong's visit to America. Chapter Three analyzes Soong's February 18 addresses to Congress and shows how she combined epideictic and deliberative elements so as to identify shared values, to influence perceptions of Sino-American relations, and to propose an Asia-first war policy. Chapter Four focuses on her speeches in New York, Boston, and Chicago to understand how she adapted to changing audiences and exigencies as her tour progressed. Chapter Five examines how she employed a rhetoric of unity in her San Francisco addresses to elevate China's status within the alliance, and how she presented China as a courageous and reliable ally for the United States in her climactic speech at the Hollywood Bowl, in Los Angeles. The Conclusion estimates the influence of Soong's discourse on repeal of the Chinese exclusion laws and provides a final assessment of her tour, its impact on American foreign and domestic policy, and its long-term historical and rhetorical implications.

Mammalian responses to dysfunctional telomeres

Hao, Ling-Yang The Johns Hopkins University 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

Telomeres are specialized structure composed of tandem repeats bound by proteins at the end of linear chromosomes. All eukaryotes have evolved a system that monitors and preserves the functionality of the telomeres. The tandem repeats are elongated de novo during every cell cycle by telomerase, a ribonuclear protein with both RNA and catalytic component. Telomeres prevent genomic instability that can lead to mutations and tumorgenesis. The present work examines the cellular and organismal responses to dysfunctional telomeres resulted from the absence of telomerase. First, telomere dysfunction mediated responses in fibroblasts were studied. In fast growing fibroblasts with short telomeres, there was an increase in genomic instability accompanying growth retardation. The retardation in growth rate vanished after crisis, suggesting either an adaptation to the presence of the short telomeres or inactivation of checkpoints. When exogenous DNA damage was introduced into the post-crisis fibroblasts, they responded similarly as the cells without telomere dysfunction. The protein level of DNA damage checkpoints p53, gamma-H2AX and Chk2 did not correlate with cellular growth. This suggests that one cannot determine if cells have dysfunctional telomeres by looking at the globally DNA damage checkpoint protein level. Next, the mechanism of the dysfunctional telomeres was investigated. Individual telomeres in T cells and fibroblasts were examined directly and it was found that short telomeres are recognized directly by DNA damage proteins in the absence of telomerase. Lastly, in vivo mechanism and responses to dysfunctional telomere were examined. Telomerase RNA mutations have been reported in autosomal dominant dyskeratosis congenita patients and aplastic anemic patients. By using a mouse strain that has short telomeres, we demonstrated that haploinsufficiency of telomerase RNA can lead to telomere dysfunction in gastrointestinal track, bone marrow and germ cells. This finding provides a plausible mechanism for how mutations in telomerase leading to diseases dyskeratosis congenita and aplastic anemia. We also uncovered a previously unknown aspect of telomere biology, the parental effect of telomere length regulation in which wildtype mice that inherit short telomeres show cell disease phenotypes. This phenomenon could potentially cause stem cell failure in genetically normal people.

A leisure-related multivariate model for adolescent delinquency

Yang, Min-Ling University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1999 해외박사(DDOD)

It has been widely recognized that delinquent behavior among adolescents is a prevalent and persistent problem with significant economic and social costs. Based on the theoretical perspectives provided by social control theory, differential association theory, and strain theory, this study constructed a leisure-related multivariate model for adolescent delinquency by examining variables indicative of family functioning, school performance, peer involvement, leisure participation, and leisure boredom. By adding leisure variables into the LISREL model, this study aims to establish the linkage between fields of criminology and leisure studies and provides empirical evidence for the significance of leisure context in understanding adolescent delinquency. A stratified random sample of 818 high school students from Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. participated in this study. The results of the model testing indicated that delinquent peer involvement and the three dimensions of leisure participation, (i.e., unstructured social activities, sport-oriented activities, and outdoor activities) had significant direct effects on adolescent delinquency involvement. In addition, family cohesion, family control, and the three dimensions of leisure participation had significant indirect effects on delinquency, through the mediation of peer involvement. Overall, the LISREL model explained 24% of variance in delinquency. This model empirically supported social control theory and differential association theory. Strain theory was not supported due to the inefficacy of school performance and leisure boredom. The regression model containing demographic variables suggested that gender and school type were significant predictors for adolescent delinquency. Research findings indicated family, peer, and leisure contexts were essential for explaining adolescent delinquency. A multidimensional preventive framework incorporating these major contexts of adolescents' daily life was proposed by this study. Future research should examine different dimensions of leisure in order to fully explore the relationship between leisure and delinquency.

Interaction law for a collision between two solid particles in a viscous liquid

Yang, Fu-Ling California Institute of Technology 2006 해외박사(DDOD)

This thesis addresses the problem of inter-particle collisions in a viscous liquid. Experimental measurements were made on normal and oblique collisions between identical and dissimilar pairs of solid spheres. The experimental evidence supports the hypothesis that the normal and the tangential component of motions are decoupled during a rapid collision. The relative particle motion in the normal direction is crucial to an immersed collision process and can be characterized by an effective coefficient of restitution and a binary Stokes number. The effective coefficient of restitution monotonically decreases with a diminishing binary Stokes number, indicating a particle motion with less inertia and higher hindering fluid forces. The correlation between the two parameters exhibits a similar trend to what is observed in a sphere-wall collision, which motivates a theoretical modeling. The collision model developed in the current work includes a flow model and a revised rebound scheme. The flow model considers the steady viscous drag, the added mass force, and the history force. How the presence of a second nearby solid boundary affects these forces is investigated. A flow model is proposed with wall-correction terms and is used to predict an immersed pendulum motion toward a solid wall. General agreement with the available experimental data validates the model. The rebound scheme considers the magnitude of the surface roughness and the minimum distance of approach resulting from an elastohydrodynamic contact. The performance of the collision model in predicting the effective coefficient of restitution is evaluated through comparisons with experimental measurements and an existing elastohydrodynamic collision model that the current work is based on. Based on the current experimental findings, the tangential component of motion can be described by a dry collision model, provided that the material parameters are properly modified for the interstitial liquid. Two pertinent parameters are the normal effective coefficient of restitution and an effective friction coefficient.

The roles of C. elegans EXd/Pbx homolog CEH-20 and Hth/Meis/Prep homolog UNC-62 in the development of the ectoderm

Yang, Lucie Ling-Ning University of California, San Francisco 2003 해외박사(DDOD)

The molecules and mechanisms underlying cell migration and cell fate determination are largely unknown. The <italic>C. elegans</italic> ectoderm provides a fertile ground to dissect these very interesting phenomena. I have taken a genetic approach to determine how anterior cell migration is regulated and how the fates of a subset of ectodermal cells are determined. In addition, I have used molecular and cell biology techniques to determine the molecular identity of these genes and their likely sites of function. This work describes the many roles of <italic>ceh-20</italic> and <italic>unc-62</italic> in patterning the <italic>C. elegans</italic> ectoderm. In cell migration, CEH-20 and UNC-62 act downstream or parallel to a novel transmembrane protein, MIG-13, to promote migration of Q descendents and other cells toward the anterior. Although the <italic>Drosophila</italic> and vertebrate homologs of CEH-20 and UNC-62 have been characterized to act as DNA binding partners for Hox proteins, CEH-20 and UNC-62 appear to have roles that are independent of the Hox protein that regulates the same process. For example, Hox protein LIN-39 is also required for anterior migration of the QR descendents, but unlike CEH-20 and UNC-62, UN-39 is not required for MIG-13 to promote anterior migration. CEH-20 and UNC-62 are required for many aspects of vulval development. Characterization of <italic>ceh-20</italic> and <italic>unc-62</italic> mutant phenotypes shows that not only do they share phenotypes with <italic>lin-39 </italic> which promotes vulval development, but they also share phenotypes with genes that negatively regulate vulval development by modifying chromatin, suggesting that they could play a role in integrating the many signalling pathways that converge to determine the fates of cells that form the vulva.

Predicting the implementation of environmental education in Indiana K--8 schools

Yang, Li-Ling Indiana University 2004 해외박사(DDOD)

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors from the literature that influence teachers' implementation of environmental education (EE), and to predict the implementation of EE in the Indiana K--8 Schools by knowledge of these factors. By adapting two earlier instruments, a complete EE assessment instrument was developed, consisting of scales measuring teachers' implementation of EE, their pre-/in-service environmental training, their attitudes toward and competencies in teaching EE, their perceived barriers in teaching EE, and their significant life experiences related to the environment or EE. A questionnaire was sent to 1,200 randomly selected K--8 teachers in public schools throughout Indiana in April 2003, and 385 completed surveys were returned (32.1% return rate). The demographic characteristics of the respondents and the Indiana teacher population were found to be similar. Thus, the results from this study can be generalized to the Indiana teacher population. The construct validity and reliability of each scale were examined after the completion and return of the questionnaires by using factor analysis, item-test correlation analysis, and ANOVA, and also by assessing their alpha indices. It was found that all nine scales were homogeneous, valid, and reliable. Multiple regression analysis was calculated to predict the level of EE implementation in Indiana K--8 schools. Regression analyses indicated that the extent of the teachers' exposure to EE during their pre- and in-service training, the teachers' attitudes toward and competencies in teaching EE, and the barrier "EE not relevant to what I teach" were significant in the full model. This model accounted for 63% of the variance in the teachers' implementation of EE. The teachers' attitudes toward EE had the greatest effect on the teachers' EE implementation when compared to the other significant predictors in the model. The net effects of the extent of the teachers' pre-service and in-service exposure to EE, their competencies in teaching EE, and the barrier "EE not relevant to what I teach" are approximately the same. The findings of this study provide educational agencies, institutions and administrators with the information that is required to improve EE implementation in Indiana K--8 schools and teacher education programs.