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양재석 ( Yang Jae Seog ),안규리 ( An Gyu Li ),이세한 ( Lee Se Han ),이재욱 ( Lee Jae Ug ),정우경 ( Jeong U Gyeong ),오국환 ( O Gug Hwan ),김지영 ( Kim Ji Yeong ),김주원 ( Kim Ju Won ),주권욱 ( Ju Gwon Ug ),김연수 ( Kim Yeon Su ),한 대한신장학회 2003 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.22 No.4
배 경 : 복막투석의 기술적 발전과 출구 관리 방법이 향상됨에 따라 복막염이 상당히 감소되긴 했지만, 여전히 복막투석 환자들의 가장 중요한 이환 원인이자 기술 실패의 원인이다. 그리고, 복막염은 그 원인균에 따라 다른 임상 경과를 보인다는 것이 알려져 왔다. 방 법 : 원인균에 따른 복막염의 발생률 변화 양상과 그 임상적 결과들을 비교 평가하고자 1995년부터 2001년까지 서울대학교병원의 복막투석 환자들을 대상으로 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결 과 : 총 307명의 복막투석 환자들 중, 163명의 환자들에서 357회의 복막염이 발생하였고, 그 발생률은 0.44회/사람-년이었다. 그람양성 세균 복막염이 130예 (38.1%), 그람음성 세균 복막염이 59예 (17.3%)였고, 복합 세균에 의한 복막염이 25예 (7.3%)였다. 그람음성균에서는 E.coil, Acinetobacter와 Pseudomonas의 빈도순으로 분리되었다. 연구 기간 중 전체 복막염과 그람양성 복막염은 유의하게 감소하는 추세를 보였지만, 그람음성 복막염은 변화가 없어 상대적으로 그 비중이 높아진 경향이 있었다. 그람음성균들 중에서는 Pseudomonas의 비중이 지속적으로 감소했다. 그람음성 복막염은 복막염 발생 나이나 투석 기간이 긴 경향이 있었다. E.coil 복막염은 다른 그람음성 복막염에 비해서 심혈관 질환이나 복부 병변이 많이 동반되었고, 복막염 직전 또는 발생 시점의 혈청 알부민이 높았지만, Pseudomonas 복막염에서는 알부민이 낮았다. 연부조직 감염은 Pseudomonas 복막염과 S.aureus 복막염에서 유의하게 많이 동반되었다. 전체 복막염 환자들의 추적 결과, 293예 (82.1%)는 항생제 치료 후 호전되어 복막투석을 계속했고, 19예 (5.3%)는 도관 제거 후 복막투석을 다시 시작했다. 38예 (10.6%)는 혈액투석으로 전환했고, 7예 (2.0%)는 사망했다. 그람음성 복막염은 연부조직 감염이나 저알부민혈증과 독립적인 입원의 유의한 위험인자였고, 연부조직 감염이나 투석기간과 독립적으로 도관 제거가 많았다. 다른 그람음성 복막염과 비교해서 독립적인 도관 제거의 위험인자였던 Pseudomonas 복막염은 도관 제거 없이 호전되는 경우는 적었지만, 도관 제거 후에 재삽입하여 성공적으로 복막투석을 지속할 수 있었다. 결 론 : 이상에서 그람음성 복막염과 Pseudomonas 복막염의 예후가 나쁘다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서, 점점 비중이 높아지고 있는 그람음성 복막염 환자에 대한 주의 깊은 복부 병변 평가와 적극적인 치료가 요구된다. Background : Peritonitis which is still the most important cause of morbidity and technical failure in peritoneal dialysis even though it has decreased significantly, has been known to lead to different out comes by the type of causative pathogens. Methods : To analyze clinical outcomes with trends of peritonitis rates by the type of causative pathogens, we retrospectively reviewed peritoneal dialysis patients in Seoul National University Hospital from 1995 to 2001. Results : Three hundred fifty-seven cases of peritonitis occurred in 163 patients among total 307 peritoneal dialysis patients and the rate of peritonitis was 0.44 episodes/patient-year. Three are 130 (38.1%) episodes of Gram-positive bacterial peritonitis, 59(173.%) episodes of Gram-negative bacterial peritonitis and 25 (7.3%) episodes of mixed bacterial peritonitis. E.coli, Acinetobacter, and Pseudomonas were main Gram-negative isolates, in the order named. The rate of total peritonitis and the rate of Gram-positive peritonitis decreased significantly during the study period. But, the rate of Gram-negative peritonitis remained constant, and therefore its relative proportion tended to increase. Among Gram-negative bacteria, the proportion of Pseudomonas species declined persistently. Gram-negative peritonitis was a significant risk factor of hospitalization, independent of soft tissue infection and serum albumin, like S.aureus peritonitis. In Gram-negative peritonitis or Pseudomonas peritonitis, more catheters were removed regardless of soft tissue infection or peritoneal dialysis duration. Conclusion : In conclusion, we confirmed Gram-negative peritonitis and Pseudomonas peritonitis have poor prognosis. Therefore, Cautious evaluation of abdominal lesions and aggressive treatment are necessary for patients with Gram-negative peritonitis whose relative proportion increased. (Korean J Nephrol 2003;22(4):433-445)
Calcium Current in the Unfertilized Egg of the Hamster
Haan, Jae-Hee,Cho, Soo-Wan,Yang, Young-Sun,Park, Young-Geun,Park, Hong-Gi,Chang, Gyeong-Jae,Kim, Yang-Mi,Park, Choon-Ok,Hong, Seong-Geun The Korean Physiological Society 1994 대한생리학회지 Vol.28 No.2
The presence of a calcium current $(i_{Ca^{2+}})$ passed via a specific channel was examined in the unfertilized hamster egg using the whole-cell voltage clamp technique. Pure inward current was isolated using a $Ca^{2+}-rich$ pipette solution containing 10 mM TEA. This current was independent of external $Na^+$ and was highly sensitive to the $Ca^{2+}$ concentration in the bathing solution, indicating that the inward current is carried by $Ca^{2+}$. The maximal amplitude was $-4.12{\pm}0.58nA\;(n=12)$ with 10mM $Ca^{2+}$ at -3OmV from a holding potential of -8OmV. This current reached its maximum within 20ms beyond -3OmV and decayed rapidly with an inactivation time constant $({\tau})$ of 15ms. Activation and inactivation of this $i_{Ca^{2+}}$ was steeply dependent on the membrane potential. The $i_{Ca^{2+}}$ began to activate at the lower voltage of -55 mV and reached its peak at -35 mV, being completely inactivated at potentials more positive than -40 mV. These result suggest that $i_{Ca^{2+}}$ in hamster eggs passes through channels with electrical properties similar to low voltage-activated T-type channels. Other results from the present study support this suggestion; First, the inhibitory effect of $Ni^{2+}\;(IC_{50}=13.7\;{\mu}M)$ was more potent than $Cd^{2+}\;(IC_{50}=123\;{\mu}M)$. Second, $Ba^{2+}$ conductance was equal to or below that of $Ca^{2+}$. Third, $i_{Ca^{2+}}$ in hamster eggs was relatively insensitive to nifedipine $(IC_{50}=96.6\;{\mu}M)$, known to be a specific t-type blocker. The physiological role of $i_{Ca^{2+}}$ in the unfertilized hamster eggs remains unclear. Analysis from steady-state inactivation activation curves reveals that only a small amount of this current will pass in the voltage range $(-70{\sim}-30\;mV)$ which partially overlaps with the resting membrane potential. This current has the property that it can be easily activated by a weak depolarization, thus it may trigger a certain kind of a intracellular event following fertilization which may cause oscillations in the membrane potential.
Analysis on Antioxidant Activity of the New Developed Waxy Corn Hybrids
Moon-Sub Lee,Jae-Hyeon Yang,Gyeong-Eun Lee,Hee-Bong Lee 한국작물학회 2015 Korean journal of crop science Vol.60 No.2
A total of CNU 28 colored hybrids developed at the Chungnam National University were evaluated to identify new cultivars with functionality. These color waxy corn hybrids appeared to have high antioxidant activity. The SOD activity in the developed color waxy corn was high; CNU13H-3, in white hybrid, and CNU13H-44, in yellow hybrid, was 5% and 27% higher than the Yeonnong and Daehakchal Gold 1 of control hybrids, respectively. The DPPH activity in CNU13H-44, of yellow hybrid, and CNU13H-75 of purple hybrid were high as 32.6 mg/g and 40.1 mg/g, respectively. We have already reported that color hybrids have high antioxidant activity. In this study also was same results. On the basis of our findings, these hybrids will be planted in next time to compare their productivity and area adaptation.
Syk-Mediated Suppression of Inflammatory Responses by <i>Cordyceps bassiana</i>
Yang, Woo Seok,Nam, Gyeong Sug,Kim, Mi-Yeon,Cho, Jae Youl Institute for Advanced Research in Asian Science a 2017 The American journal of Chinese medicine Vol. No.
<P>The fruit body of artificially cultivated <I>Cordyceps bassiana</I> has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. Although it has been suggested that the fruit body has neutraceutic and pharmaceutic biomaterial potential, the exact anti-inflammatory molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated the immunopharmacologic activity of <I>Cordyceps bassiana</I> under <I>in vitro</I> conditions and investigated its anti-inflammatory mechanism. Water extract (Cm-WE) of the fruit body of artificially cultivated <I>Cordyceps bassiana</I> without polysaccharide fractions reduced the expression of the proinflammatory genes cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, interleukin (IL)-12, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and promoted the expression of the anti-inflammatory gene IL-10 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, this fraction suppressed proliferation and interferon (IFN)-<TEX>$ \gamma $</TEX> production in splenic T lymphocytes. Cm-WE blocked the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-<TEX>$ \kappa $</TEX>B and activator protein (AP)-1 and their upstream inflammatory signaling cascades, including Syk, MEK, and JNK. Using kinase assays, Syk was identified as the target enzyme most strongly inhibited by Cm-WE. These results strongly suggest that Cm-WE suppresses inflammatory responses by inhibiting Syk kinase activity, with potential implications for novel neutraceutic and pharmaceutic biomaterials.</P>