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        Asymmetry of Cloud Vertical Structures and Associated Radiative Effects in Typhoon over the Northwest Pacific Based on CloudSat Tropical Cyclone Dataset

        Yan Yafei,Tan Jianguo,Cui Linli,Yu Wei,Hu Yan 한국기상학회 2020 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.56 No.4

        The clouds’ macro-, microphysical vertical structures and radiative effects in 4 shear-relative quadrants of typhoon over the northwest Pacific during development, maturity and extinction stages are studied based on CloudSat Tropical Cyclone dataset and China Meteorological Administration tropical cyclone dataset from 2nd June 2006 to 31th December 2015. The typhoon cloud is in an asymmetric “mushroom” shape, with the downshear quadrants (in particular of the downshear left quadrant (DL)) have denser clouds than the upshear quadrants. Cloud ice water content mainly distributes near typhoon center with wide vertical range (6–17 km). A large number of ice particles with small sizes are gathering in high levels, while small amount of ice particles with large sizes are gathering in low levels. As typhoon matures, the number concentration and size of cloud ice particles in inner ring increases, especially in the DL quadrant; while in the upshear left (UL) quadrant, a larger amount of ice particles with bigger sizes are transport to high levels (above 16 km) by deeper convection near storm center. The shortwave (longwave) cloud radiative effects (CRE) is mainly heating (cooling) upper layer atmosphere between 10 km and 17 km (between 14 km and 17 km), and the net CRE on atmosphere is heating almost at any levels in typhoon. The strongest heating of shortwave CRE and net CRE, as well as the strongest cooling of longwave CRE are in the DL quadrant at development stage and in the UL quadrant at maturity stage in inner core of storms. The existences of typhoon clouds mainly decrease solar radiation penetrating to the earth surface and increase longwave radiation absorbed by the whole atmosphere in typhoon’s inner core, and they are generally stronger in downshear (especially in DL) quadrants, except the maturity stage when the UL quadrant performs the strongest shortwave CRE on the surface and longwave CRE on the atmosphere in typhoon’s inner core.

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        Surface formation and damage mechanisms of nano-ZrO 2 ceramics under axial ultrasonic-assisted grinding

        Yanyan Yan,Yafei Zhang,Bo Zhao,Junli Liu 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.3

        In this study, the surface formation and damage mechanism of hard-brittle materials in axial ultrasonic-assisted grinding (AUAG) were revealed using the grinding force and grinding force ratio. Theoretical analysis presented that the grinding force and grinding force ratio in AUAG are relatively small. AUAG is a machining method with a large tangential force and a small normal force, which can promote the removal of hard-brittle materials and reduce the surface and subsurface damage (SSD). Scratching and grinding tests of nano-ZrO 2ceramics were conducted to validate the theoretical analysis. The results demonstrated that the periodic tangential force under the AUAG promotes the nucleation and propagation of shallower lateral micro-cracks, thereby allowing the easier removal of hard-brittle materials. Additionally, the proportion of brittle fracture was less, and the surface roughness and maximum SSD depth were significantly small. Therefore, AUAG is a suitable ultra-precision machining technique for hard-brittle materials.

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        Macroscopic Zn-doped a-Fe2O3/graphene aerogel mediated persulfate activation for heterogeneous catalytic degradation of sulfamonomethoxine wastewater

        Shuying Dong,Xuanxuan Yan,Wenli Li,Yafei Liu,Xiaoxu Han,Xiaodan Liu,Jinglan Feng,Chongfei Yu,Chunyan Zhang,Jianhui Sun 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.108 No.-

        In order to obtain a robust, durable and efficient heterogeneous catalyst, macroscopic monolithic Zndopeda-Fe2O3/graphene aerogel (GA) hybrid architecture with integrated morphology and hierarchicallyporous structure were controllably synthesized via a facile in-situ hydrothermal method and then used aspersulfate (PS) activator for sulfamonomethoxine (SMM) wastewater purification. Several key reactionparameters including the initial SMM concentration, reaction temperature, coexisting inorganic anionsand SMM in real natural water samples had different influence on the SMM removal efficiency. The catalyticefficiency of Zn-doped a-Fe2O3/GA with the molar ratio of Fe/Zn = 2:1.5 was about 66%, 62%, 66%and 11%33% higher than that of GA, a-Fe2O3/GA, Zn/GA and other Fe/Zn molar ratio. The improvedactivity of Fe/Zn = 2:1.5 benefits from the synergistic effects of the sp2 hybridized carbon and porousframework, as well as the surface oxygenic functional groups, which accelerate the pollutant/oxidant dispersionand electron transfer. Electron paramagnetic resonance results indicate that OH, 1O2 and SO4radicals account for the catalytic degradation of SMM and the activation of PS in present system is differentfrom conventional homogeneous systems, and speculate mechanism was proposed based on theobtained data.

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