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On Liang Shiqiu’s Translation of The Complete Works of Shakespeare in China
Yan Xiaojiang 한국셰익스피어학회 2010 셰익스피어 비평 Vol.46 No.1
Liang Shiqiu, who spent 38 years independently in translating the complete works of Shakespeare into Chinese and who had figured prominently in promoting the communication between mainland China and Taiwan, between China and the West, and between the past and the present, may be regarded as one of the greatest translators in China. Liang’s translation choice was rational under the specified historical backgrounds and was also the interpretation of his own literary thoughts. Liang abided by such translation principles as “clear distinction”, “careful inquiry”, “learned knowledge”, “careful thinking” and “sincere behaviors”. The main purpose of his translation was to introduce foreign culture and literature to Chinese readers. Liang’s translation strategies can be summarized as “the doctrine of the mean”, which means taking foreignizing as the main focus and domestication as the supplement. The importance of Liang’s translation can be measured in quantitative terms as well as in qualitative terms. Of course there are some flaws in his translation. In general, Liang Shiqiu’s translation gives us great enlightenment in comprehension of translation criticism.
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Lei Li,Jie Yang,Xiaojiang Li,Xiaoli Wang,Yanxin Ren,Jimin Fei,Yan Xi,Ruimei Sun,Jing Ma 대한이비인후과학회 2016 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.9 No.3
Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and safety of percutaneous 125I seed permanent implantation for advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma from toxicity, tumor response, and short-term outcome. Methods. 125I seeds implant procedures were performed under computed tomography for 34 patients with advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma. We observed the local control rate, overall survival, and acute or late toxicity rate. Results. In the 34 patients (stage III, n=6; stage IV, n=28), the sites of origin were pyriform sinus (n=29) and postcricoid area (n=5). All patients also received one to four cycles of chemotherapy after seed implantation. The post-plan showed that the actuarial D90 of 125I seeds ranged from 90 to 158 Gy (median, 127 Gy). The mean follow-up was 12.3 months (range, 3.4 to 43.2 months). The local control was 2.1–31.0 months with a median of 17.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.4 to 22.0 months). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year local controls were 65.3%, 28.6%, and 9.5% respectively. Twelve patients (35%) died of local recurrence, fourteen patients (41%) died of distant metastases, and three patients (9%) died of recurrence and metastases at the same time. Five patients (15%) still survived to follow-up. At the time of analysis, the median survival time was 12.5 months (95% CI, 9.5 to 15.4 months). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rates were 55.2%, 20.3%, and 10.9%, respectively. Five patients (15%) experienced grade 3 toxic events and nine patients (26%) have experienced grade 2 toxic events. Conclusion. This review shows relatively low toxicity for interstitial 125I seed implantation in the patients with advanced stage hypopharyngeal cancer. The high local control results suggest that 125I seed brachytherapy implant as a salvage or palliative treatment for advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma merit further investigation.
KCI
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