Facile Synthesis of CdTe Nanorods from the Growth of Te Nanorods

Xu, Weiwei,Niu, Jinzhong,Zheng, Shuang,Tian, Guimin,Wu, Xinghui,Cheng, Yongguang,Hu, Xiaoyang,Liu, Shuaishuai,Hao, Haoshan Korean Chemical Society 2017 대한화학회지 Vol.61 No.4

One-dimensional CdTe nanorods (NRs) are obtained by the reaction of various Cd precursors with single crystalline Te nanorod templates, which are pre-synthesized from Te precursors by a simple and reproducible solvothermal method. Throughout the process, the diffraction intensity of different crystal facets of single crystalline Te NRs varied with reaction times. Finally, by alloying Cd ions along the axial direction of Te NRs, polycrystalline cubic phase CdTe NRs with diameters of 80-150 nm and length up to $1.2-2.4{\mu}m$ are obtained. The nucleation and growth processes of Te and CdTe NRs are discussed in details, and their properties are characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman scattering, and UV-vis absorption spectra. It was found that the key elements of synthesizing CdTe NRs such as reaction temperatures and Cd sources will strongly influence the final shape of CdTe NRs.

Adverse effects of subchronic exposure to cooking oil fumes on the gonads and the GPR30‑mediated signaling pathway in female rats

Xiaoyang Zhang,Yonghua He,Quanhui Lin,Lili Huang,Qunwei Zhang,Youqiong Xu 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.1

Background Cooking oil fumes (COFs) are composed of particulate matter, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, aldehydes, and ketones, and are currently a global health concern. Some agents in COFs are mutagenic and carcinogenic. However, only a few reports have addressed the hazardous effects of COF exposure on the female reproductive system. In this study, we explored the effects of subchronic exposure to COFs on female gonads in vivo and the possible involvement of the G-protein-coupled receptor 30 signaling pathway. Methods COFs were generated by heating commercially available canola oil in an iron pot. Adult female Wistar rats at 2 months of age were exposed to COFs at 32 mg/m3 for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, or 4 h/day for 56 days. The estrous cycle in rats was studied twice at 7:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. on the 43rd treatment day until the current estrous cycle was complete. The rat body weight was measured before the experiment and at day 56 post-exposure. At the end of the experiment, rat blood was collected for gonadal hormone assay, and ovaries were collected for histology and mRNA isolation. The mRNA levels of GPR30, EGFR, STAT3, and ERK were determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Results At a concentration of 32.21 ± 5.11 mg/m3, COF exposure extended the estrous cycle in rats, and ovary coefficient decreased. COFs showed various effects on the sex hormone levels and follicles, depending on its exposure level. Exposure to COFs led to the changes in mRNA levels of the G-protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Conclusion This study indicated that cooking oil fume exposure disrupted the estrous cycle, sex hormone patterns, and follicle development in female rats in a dose-dependent manner. These adverse effects of cooking oil fumes on female reproductive health were correlated with the G-protein-coupled receptor 30-mediated signaling pathway.

The Effect of Alkali Treatment on the Crystallinity, Thermal Stability, and Surface Roughness of Bamboo Fibers

Xiaoyang Fang,Jianuo Xu,Hongwu Guo,Yi Liu 한국섬유공학회 2023 Fibers and polymers Vol.24 No.2

The bamboo fibers were treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to investigate the impacts of the NaOH concentration, reactiontemperature, and soaking time on the crystallinity, thermal stability, and surface roughness of bamboo fibers. The resultsrevealed that the NaOH concentration had a significant impact (0.01 < P < 0.05) on the crystallinity and thermal stability ofbamboo fibers, as well as an extremely significant impact (P < 0.01) on their surface roughness. It was found an extremelysignificant (P < 0.01) effect of the reaction temperature in the crystallinity and surface roughness of bamboo fibers but notin thermal stability. The soaking time significantly (P < 0.01) affected the surface roughness of bamboo fibers, whereas nosignificant effects were observed for the crystallinity and thermal stability. Compared with untreated bamboo fibers, thecrystallinity, thermal stability, and surface roughness of alkali-treated bamboo fibers generally increased.

Quantum Coherent Dissociation in a Hybrid Atom-light System with Photon Loss

Xiaoyang Yuan,Jialu Yin,Jiahao Xu,Yixiao Huan,Zhengda Hu 한국광학회 2024 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.8 No.1

We investigate the effect of photon loss on pair production in a hybrid atom-light system. The loss of light field not only affects the generation of photons, but also prevents the generation of atomic collective excitation, although the atoms are not influenced directly. We propose an unbalanced homodyne detection of the number of atomic collective excitation that overcomes the challenge caused by counting uncertainty in practical measurement. In discussion, we show that the intermode correlations and the number correlation is closely related to the initial input state, while the quadrature correlations are independent of the initial state and always exhibit opposite intermode correlations even in the presence of loss.

Facile Synthesis of CdTe Nanorods from the Growth of Te Nanorods

Weiwei Xu,Jinzhong Niu,Guimin Tian,Xinghui Wu,Yongguang Cheng,Xiaoyang Hu,Haoshan Hao 대한화학회 2017 대한화학회지 Vol.61 No.4

One-dimensional CdTe nanorods (NRs) are obtained by the reaction of various Cd precursors with single crystalline Te nanorod templates, which are pre-synthesized from Te precursors by a simple and reproducible solvothermal method. Throughout the process, the diffraction intensity of different crystal facets of single crystalline Te NRs varied with reaction times. Finally, by alloying Cd ions along the axial direction of Te NRs, polycrystalline cubic phase CdTe NRs with diameters of 80–150 nm and length up to 1.2–2.4 μm are obtained. The nucleation and growth processes of Te and CdTe NRs are discussed in details, and their properties are characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman scattering, and UV-vis absorption spectra. It was found that the key elements of synthesizing CdTe NRs such as reaction temperatures and Cd sources will strongly influence the final shape of CdTe NRs.

Long-circulating siRNA nanoparticles for validating Prohibitin1-targeted non-small cell lung cancer treatment

Zhu, Xi,Xu, Yingjie,Solis, Luisa M.,Tao, Wei,Wang, Liangzhe,Behrens, Carmen,Xu, Xiaoyang,Zhao, Lili,Liu, Danny,Wu, Jun,Zhang, Ning,Wistuba, Ignacio I.,Farokhzad, Omid C.,Zetter, Bruce R.,Shi, Jinjun National Academy of Sciences 2015 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.112 No.25

<P><B>Significance</B></P><P>This study developed a new generation lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticle platform for effective systemic delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to tumors, which represents a challenging hurdle for the widespread application of RNA interference (RNAi) in cancer research and therapy. With promising in vivo features such as long blood circulation, high tumor accumulation, and effective gene silencing, the hybrid siRNA nanoparticles were successfully used to reveal and validate a putative therapeutic target, Prohibitin1 (PHB1), in non-small cell lung cancer treatment. In vivo antitumor efficacy results and human tissue microarray analysis further suggested the feasibility of utilizing PHB1 siRNA nanoparticles as a novel therapeutic agent. This hybrid RNAi nanoparticle platform may serve as a valuable tool for validating potential cancer targets and developing new cancer therapies.</P><P>RNA interference (RNAi) represents a promising strategy for identification and validation of putative therapeutic targets and for treatment of a myriad of important human diseases including cancer. However, the effective systemic in vivo delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to tumors remains a formidable challenge. Using a robust self-assembly strategy, we develop a unique nanoparticle (NP) platform composed of a solid polymer/cationic lipid hybrid core and a lipid-poly(ethylene glycol) (lipid-PEG) shell for systemic siRNA delivery. The new generation lipid–polymer hybrid NPs are small and uniform, and can efficiently encapsulate siRNA and control its sustained release. They exhibit long blood circulation (<I>t</I><SUB>1/2</SUB> ∼8 h), high tumor accumulation, effective gene silencing, and negligible in vivo side effects. With this RNAi NP, we delineate and validate the therapeutic role of Prohibitin1 (PHB1), a target protein that has not been systemically evaluated in vivo due to the lack of specific and effective inhibitors, in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as evidenced by the drastic inhibition of tumor growth upon PHB1 silencing. Human tissue microarray analysis also reveals that high PHB1 tumor expression is associated with poorer overall survival in patients with NSCLC, further suggesting PHB1 as a therapeutic target. We expect this long-circulating RNAi NP platform to be of high interest for validating potential cancer targets in vivo and for the development of new cancer therapies.</P>

Exosomes Derived from Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibits Fibrosis and Treats Oral Submucous Fibrosis via the miR-181a-5p/Smad2 Axis

Shao Zifei,Xu Jinhao,Xu Xiaoyang,Wang Xiang,Zhou Yuxi,Li Yiyang,Li Kun 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2024 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.21 No.1

BACKGROUND: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic disease with carcinogenic tendency that poses a non-negligible threat to human health. Exosomes derived from human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC-Exo) reduces visceral and cutaneous fibroses, but their role in OSF has received little attention. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ADSC-Exo on OSF and elucidate the mechanism. METHODS: In brief, ADSCs were extracted from adipose tissues and subjected to flow cytometry and induction culture. Fibroblasts were isolated from human buccal mucosa and subjected to immunofluorescence. Myofibroblasts were obtained from fibroblasts induced by arecoline and identified. Immunofluorescence assay confirmed that myofibroblasts could take up ADSC-Exo. The effects of ADSC-Exo on the proliferative and migratory capacities of myofibroblasts were examined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 and scratch assay. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to evaluate mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (Smad2), Smad3, Smad7, collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin, and vimentin. Western blotting was performed to detect phospho (p)-Smad2, Smad2, p-Smad2/3, Smad2/3, Smad7, Col1, Col3, α-SMA, fibronectin, and vimentin. Furthermore, the dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to prove that miR-181a-5p in ADSC-Exo directly inhibited the expression of Smad2 mRNA to regulate the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway. We also performed qPCR and western blotting to verify the results. RESULTS: ADSC-Exo could promote the proliferation and migration of myofibroblasts, reduce the expressions of p-smad2, Smad2, p-smad2/3, Smad2/3, Col1, αSMA, fibronectin, and vimentin and elevated the levels of Smad7 and Col3. In addition, miR-181a-5p was highly expressed in ADSC-Exo and bound to the 3'-untranslated region of Smad2. ADSC-Exo enriched with miR-181a-5p reduced collagen production in myofibroblasts and modulated the TGF-β pathway. CONCLUSIONS: ADSC-Exo promoted the proliferative and migratory capacities of myofibroblasts and inhibited collagen deposition and trans-differentiation of myofibroblasts in vitro. miR-181a-5p in exosomes targets Smad2 to regulate the TGF-β pathway in myofibroblasts. ADSC-Exo perform antifibrotic actions through the miR-181a-5p/Smad2 axis and may be a promising clinical treatment for OSF. BACKGROUND: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic disease with carcinogenic tendency that poses a non-negligible threat to human health. Exosomes derived from human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC-Exo) reduces visceral and cutaneous fibroses, but their role in OSF has received little attention. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ADSC-Exo on OSF and elucidate the mechanism. METHODS: In brief, ADSCs were extracted from adipose tissues and subjected to flow cytometry and induction culture. Fibroblasts were isolated from human buccal mucosa and subjected to immunofluorescence. Myofibroblasts were obtained from fibroblasts induced by arecoline and identified. Immunofluorescence assay confirmed that myofibroblasts could take up ADSC-Exo. The effects of ADSC-Exo on the proliferative and migratory capacities of myofibroblasts were examined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 and scratch assay. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to evaluate mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (Smad2), Smad3, Smad7, collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin, and vimentin. Western blotting was performed to detect phospho (p)-Smad2, Smad2, p-Smad2/3, Smad2/3, Smad7, Col1, Col3, α-SMA, fibronectin, and vimentin. Furthermore, the dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to prove that miR-181a-5p in ADSC-Exo directly inhibited the expression of Smad2 mRNA to regulate the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway. We also performed qPCR and western blotting to verify the results. RESULTS: ADSC-Exo could promote the proliferation and migration of myofibroblasts, reduce the expressions of p-smad2, Smad2, p-smad2/3, Smad2/3, Col1, αSMA, fibronectin, and vimentin and elevated the levels of Smad7 and Col3. In addition, miR-181a-5p was highly expressed in ADSC-Exo and bound to the 3'-untranslated region of Smad2. ADSC-Exo enriched with miR-181a-5p reduced collagen production in myofibroblasts and modulated the TGF-β pathway. CONCLUSIONS: ADSC-Exo promoted the proliferative and migratory capacities of myofibroblasts and inhibited collagen deposition and trans-differentiation of myofibroblasts in vitro. miR-181a-5p in exosomes targets Smad2 to regulate the TGF-β pathway in myofibroblasts. ADSC-Exo perform antifibrotic actions through the miR-181a-5p/Smad2 axis and may be a promising clinical treatment for OSF.

The near-field acoustic levitation for spheres by transducer with concave spherical radiating surface

Jian-Fang Liu,Xu-Guang Sun,Xiaoyang Jiao,Hong-Xia Chen,Shun-Ming Hua,Hong-Chun Zhang 대한기계학회 2013 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.27 No.2

To levitate ICF target spheres in the near-field acoustic levitation, a transducer with concave spherical radiating surface and a near-field acoustic levitation system is established. The concave spherical radiating surface of the transducer is designed by the finite element parametric method. Then the levitation height and levitation perturbation of spheres with different mass and diameters in the near-field acoustic levitation system are tested and discussed in the driving voltage at 400V, 500V and 600V, respectively, when the levitation system is under the resonant frequency. Finally, based on the experimental results, the height formula of the near-field acoustic levitation for spheres is deduced by introducing a coupling coefficient.

A hybrid conventional computer simulation via GDQEM and Newmark-beta techniques for dynamic modeling of a rotating micro n^th-order system

Fan, Linyuan,Zhang, Xu,Zhao, Xiaoyang Techno-Press 2022 Advances in nano research Vol.12 No.2

In this paper, the free and forced vibration analysis of rotating cantilever nanoscale cylindrical beams and tubes is investigated under the external dynamic load to examine the nonlocal effect. A couple of nonlocal strain gradient theories with different beams and tubes theories, involving the Euler-Bernoulli, Timoshenko, Reddy beam theory along with the higher-order tube theory, are assumed to the mathematic model of governing equations employing the Hamilton principle in order to derive the nonlocal governing equations related to the local and accurate nonlocal boundary conditions. The two-dimensional functional graded material (2D-FGM), made by the axially functionally graded (AFG) in conjunction with the porosity distribution in the radial direction, is considered material modeling. Finally, the derived Partial Differential Equations (PDE) are solved via a couple of the generalized differential quadrature element methods (GDQEM) with the Newmark-beta techniques for the time-dependent results. It is indicated that the boundary conditions equations play a crucial task in responding to nonlocal effects for the cantilever structures.

Modulation Recognition of BPSK/QPSK Signals based on Features in the Graph Domain

Li Yang,Guobing Hu,Xiaoyang Xu,Pinjiao Zhao 한국인터넷정보학회 2022 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.16 No.11

The performance of existing recognition algorithms for binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) signals degrade under conditions of low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). Hence, a novel recognition algorithm based on features in the graph domain is proposed in this study. First, the power spectrum of the squared candidate signal is truncated by a rectangular window. Thereafter, the graph representation of the truncated spectrum is obtained via normalization, quantization, and edge construction. Based on the analysis of the connectivity difference of the graphs under different hypotheses, the sum of degree (SD) of the graphs is utilized as a discriminate feature to classify BPSK and QPSK signals. Moreover, we prove that the SD is a Schur-concave function with respect to the probability vector of the vertices (PVV). Extensive simulations confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, and its superiority to the listed model-driven-based (MDB) algorithms in terms of recognition performance under low SNRs and computational complexity. As it is confirmed that the proposed method reduces the computational complexity of existing graph-based algorithms, it can be applied in modulation recognition of radar or communication signals in real-time processing, and does not require any prior knowledge about the training sets, channel coefficients, or noise power.