Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Intestinal Fibrosis

Wu Xiaomin,Lin Xiaoxuan,Tan Jinyu,Liu Zishan,He Jinshen,Hu Fan,Wang Yu,Chen Minhu,Liu Fen,Mao Ren 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2023 Gut and Liver Vol.17 No.3

Intestinal fibrosis associated stricture is a common complication of inflammatory bowel disease usually requiring endoscopic or surgical intervention. Effective anti-fibrotic agents aiming to control or reverse intestinal fibrosis are still unavailable. Thus, clarifying the mechanism underpinning intestinal fibrosis is imperative. Fibrosis is characterized by an excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins at the injured sites. Multiple cellular types are implicated in fibrosis development. Among these cells, mesenchymal cells are major compartments that are activated and then enhance the production of ECM. Additionally, immune cells contribute to the persistent activation of mesenchymal cells and perpetuation of inflammation. Molecules are messengers of crosstalk between these cellular compartments. Although inflammation is necessary for fibrosis development, purely controlling intestinal inflammation cannot halt the development of fibrosis, suggesting that chronic inflammation is not the unique contributor to fibrogenesis. Several inflammation-independent mechanisms including gut microbiota, creeping fat, ECM interaction, and metabolic reprogramming are involved in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. In the past decades, substantial progress has been made in elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms of intestinal fibrosis. Here, we summarized new discoveries and advances of cellular components and major molecular mediators that are associated with intestinal fibrosis, aiming to provide a basis for exploring effective anti-fibrotic therapies in this field.

THE ANALYSIS OF SPARK PLUG VOLTAGE IN KNOCK DETECTING

Xiaomin Wu,J.O,Chas,S.M.Lee,Y.S.Jung,J.K.Park,S.I.Moon 한국자동차공학회 1996 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1996 No.11_2

This paper describes a system for knock detection in automobile engine using the spark plug as a detecting probe. The authors carried out researches on a method which used ionic current of spark plug analysis for monitoring the combustion in an internal combustion engine. By this method, the spark plug was used as an ion density measurement probe directly, the flame behavior at the initial combustion stage was positively detected. The operations base on detection the ionic current which occurs when hydrocarbon is burned, by applying the DC bias voltage across the spark plug gap, thus the monitoring can be done in real time by processing Digital oscilloscope and the ionic current can be achieved.<br/> The results of experiment on four-cylinders engine could be included in this paper. By making use of the spark plug gap as an ion density measurement sensor, the authors analyze many factors for detecting ionic current (voltage), such as the polarity of bias voltage in a spark plug. the bias effect, the bias voltage, the ignition bum time and high voltage diode. The method can be effectively used for continuous monitoring of other factors in the internal combustion engine.<br/>

A Novel Active Current Disturbance Method Based on Discrete Wavelet Analysis

Wu Tiezhou,Xiong Jinlong,Wu Xiaomin,Luo Meng 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.12

Islanding detection method of active current disturbances in three-phase photovoltaic-to-grid system makes the common connection point (PCC) voltage appear high frequency components on account of load variation, the surge current occurrence and other factors. This high frequency component cause islands misjudgment. Using Db10 wavelet to detect and analysis PCC’s voltage high-frequency components on real-time based on the active current disturbances principle. And selecting an effective wavelet domain values as the voltage harmonic detection amount islanding detection. Islands simulation test is conducted in the case of the inverter output power and load input power to match, the test results show that this method can quickly detect islanding, and effectively prevent pseudo-island phenomenon of false positives.

Study on SOC Estimation Based on Circular Optimization for RBF Neural Network

Tiezhou Wu,Xiaomin Wu,Mengmeng Yang,Meng Luo 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.8 No.6

This paper proposed a circular particle swarm optimization least squares (CPSOLS) method which is consisted of the regularized least squares (RLS) method and the adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) algorithm. The RLS algorithm optimized the parameters of the RBF network, aiming at the phenomenon of RLS trapping in the local minimum, introduced the penalty factor and used the global optimization ability of the particle swarm optimization algorithm to make it out of the local minimum; simplified the structure of the RBF network and improved the generalization ability of the network. The APSO algorithm weakened the precocious converge phenomena of the particle swarm optimization algorithm, adopted the adaptive selection of the nonlinear dynamic inertia weight which is guided by the control factor of the battery external characteristic temperature parameters, optimized the link weight of the RBF network, improved the state of charge (SOC) estimation accuracy and real-time performance of the RBF network. Using the Arbin multifunctional battery test system BT2000 to collect the sample data of the battery external characteristic parameters, and using the sample data to train and optimize the RBF neural network, and estimate the SOC of the batteries. The results showed that the optimized RBF network improved the SOC estimation accuracy and real-time performance.

A Throughput Improved Path Selection Method Based on Throughput Prediction Model and Available Bandwidth for MPTCP

Xiaomin Jin,Yuanan Liu,Wenhao Fan,Fan Wu,Hongguang Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.8 No.2

Nowadays, many network devices have more than one network interface. Meanwhile, many protocols have been proposed to utilize multiple paths simultaneously. MPTCP (Multipath TCP) is a transport layer protocol that transfers data by multiple paths simultaneously, which is designed to improve the throughput and increase robustness of end to end transmission. However, when we use MPTCP, we find that MPTCP can not improve the throughput but even reduce the throughput in some cases. In this paper, we study this issue. Firstly, we study the effects of path characteristics for throughput of MPTCP, and find that path characteristics especially those bad paths have a great impact on the performance of MPTCP. Secondly, we analyze the reasons why the bad path characteristics have a serious impact on throughput of MPTCP, and propose a path selection method based on throughput prediction model and available bandwidth to improve the throughput. Finally, we validate our path selection method by simulations, and the results show that our method can improve the throughput of MPTCP.

Identification of DNA methylation and genetic alteration simultaneously from a single blood biopsy

Chen Xiaomin,Liu Jiahui,Li Jun,Xie Yinpeng,Yu Zichen,Shen Lu,Liu Qingfeng,Wu Wei,Zhao Qiang,Lin Haoxiang,Liu Gaotong,Luo Qiuping,Yang Ling,Huang Yi,Zhao Meiru,Yi Xin,Xia Xuefeng 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.5

Background High-throughput sequencing of blood cell-free DNA (cfDNA) techniques offer an opportunity to characterize and monitor cancer rapidly in a non-invasive and real-time manner. Nonetheless, there lacks a tool within therapeutic arsenal to identify multi-omics alterations simultaneously from a single biopsy. In current times, bisulfite-based sequencing detects 5mC and 5hmC at single-base resolution is the golden standard of DNA methylation, while the degradation of DNA and biased sequencing data are the problems of this method. Objective To identify the consistency analysis of methylation and genetic variation with single library, we presented a platform detecting multi-omics data simultaneously from a single blood biopsy using bisulfite-free method of genomic methylation sequencing (GM-seq) mediated by TET enzyme. Methods We detected methylomic and genetic changes simultaneously from a single blood biopsy in NA12878 and randomly chose ten blood biopsies from colorectal cancer or lung cancer patients to validate the ability of GM-seq. Results Similar cytosine methylation level between whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and GM-seq were identified in NA12878. Moreover, longer insert size, CpGs coverage and GC distribution were outperformed than WGBS. In addition, the comparison of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), insertion-deletion (Indel) and copy number variation (CNV) in NA12878 or ctDNA from liver cancer between GM-seq and whole genome sequencing (WGS) show a good consistency, indicating that this method is feasible for detecting genetic variation in blood. Conclusion In conclusion, our work demonstrated a method for identification of the methylated modification and genetic variations simultaneously from a single blood biopsy.

An X-ray Inspection System for Illegal Object Classification based on Computer Vision

Yu Wang,Xiaomin Yang,Wei Wu,Bingshan Su,Gwanggil Jeon 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.10 No.10

Security checks at airport are of importance to any safe flight. Traditional method for security check is to check the luggage manually. However, this method needs lots of human labor and time. It is desired to automatically check x-ray image of the luggage with computer vision. In this paper, the illegal object classification system is implemented. First, we introduce a computer vision based x-ray inspection system for Illegal object classification. Then we propose a method by combining Taruma feature based on Contourlet transform and histogram. Finally, we apply the random forests classifier to classify these features from the illegal objects. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively distinguish different kinds of illegal objects.

Guaranteed Cost Consensus for a Class of Fractional-order Uncertain Multi-agent Systems with State Time Delay

Liping Chen,Xiaomin Li,Xiang Li,Min Zhu,Ranchao Wu,António M. Lopes 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.11

This work investigates the guaranteed cost leader-following consensus of a class of uncertain fractionalorder (FO) multi-agent systems (FOMASs) affected by state time delay. The leader and following group are exposed to norm-bounded time-varying parametric uncertainty and time-delay. A delay- and order-dependent consensus protocol is developed which guarantees robust stability of the controlled system and ensures that the effect of uncertainty on the system performance is below some prescribed index. The FO Razumikhin theorem and the linear matrix inequality approach are adopted to derive the method that can be applied to FOMASs with deterministic parameters. The analysis can be extended to distinct consensus problems for different types of FOMASs. Three numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the approach.

Distribution of diagenetic alterations within depositional facies and sequence stratigraphic framework of fan delta and subaqueous fan sandstones: evidence from the Lower Cretaceous Bayingebi Formation, Chagan sag, China–Mongolia frontier area

Wei Wei,Xiaomin Zhu,Mingxuan Tan,Chenbingjie Wu,Dianbin Guo,Hui Su 한국지질과학협의회 2016 Geosciences Journal Vol.20 No.1

Linking siliciclastic diagenesis to sequence stratigraphy allows a better understanding of the parameters controlling the spatial and temporal distribution of diagenetic alterations. A study of the subaqueous fan and fan delta sandstones of the Bayingebi Formation, Lower Cretaceous, Chagan sag (China), reveals that the distribution of diagenetic alterations can be constrained within a sequence stratigraphic framework. Eogenetic alterations, which were encountered in the sandstones of subaqueous fan and fan delta, include: (1) replacement of detrital silicates and mud matrix by kaolinites in sandstones of the late highstand systems tract (HST) and the lowstand systems tract (LST). The formation of kaolinites is attributed to the influx of meteoric water when the base level fell and the channels migrated laterally on preexisting floodplains or channel deposits. (2) Infiltrated clays, which rim around detrital grains, mainly occur in channel sandstones of the LST due to the percolation of mud-rich surface waters. (3) Calcite I (δ18OVPDB = –20.19‰ to −3.64‰ and δ13CVPDB = –0.67‰ to –3.1‰), Calcite II (δ18OVPDB = –14‰ to –18.28‰ and δ13CVPDB = –2.2‰ to –3.60‰), dolomite (δ18OVPDB = –17.91‰ to –21.04‰ and δ13CVPDB = –0.46‰ to –1.66‰) and ankerite (δ18OVPDB = –15.02 to –20.42‰ and δ13CVPDB = –0.074 to –1.43‰), which are associated with palaeosol horizons mainly developed on top of overbank and channel sandstones of transgressive systems tract (TST) and early stage of the HST. Such extensive eogenetic calcite cements may act as potential layers for the formation of reservoir compartments for underlying sandstones. Mesogenetic alterations include: (1) abundant quartz overgrowths in the overbank sandstones of subaqueous fan in the LST and pro-fan-delta sandstones in the HST, in which early carbonate cements are lacking and grain-coats are thin. (2) Illite, chlorite and albitized feldspars, which occur in small amounts, are most common in the LST and late stage of the HST sandstones. Such cementation by calcite, dolomite, quartz overgrowths and formation of illite led to porosity and permeability deterioration during mesodiagenesis. This study revealed the importance of integration of diagenesis with sequence stratigraphy of subaqueous fan and fan delta sandstones in improving our ability to predict the spatial and temporal distribution of eogenetic alterations and their subsequent impact on mesogenetic alterations, and thus on reservoir quality modifications.

Image Quality Assessment with Saliency Map in Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform Domain

Pan Wang,Wei Wu,Xiaomin Yang,Kai Liu,Gwanggil Jeon 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.11 No.6

Many researchers evaluate images by objective image quality assessments instead of subjective ones. Objective image quality assessment sets up mathematical model according to the human visual system, and it evaluates the image quality through the reference image and the distorted image. The Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) is one of the most classical methods in image quality assessment. However, SSIM has several inherent shortcomings. First, SSIM does not take spatial position, spatial frequency, or direction into account. Second, SSIM considers that different regions in an image have equal importance for overall image quality assessment. Third, it is unreasonable to use fixed parameters for various images. To overcome these shortcomings, we propose a new method of image quality assessment based on Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform (NSCT). Firstly, NSCT is performed to decompose the image into a low-pass map and high-pass ones. Then, low-pass and high-pass maps are respectively assessed with different strategies. In addition, saliency map is added to describe the importance of different regions in an image. Last, we proposed an approach to calculate the adaptive parameters for various images. Experimental comparisons among five public benchmark databases demonstrate that the proposed method is better than other competing methods.