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Across-fault distributions of radon concentrations in soil gas for different tectonic environments
Xiaolong Sun,Pengtao Yang,Yang Xiang,Xueyun Si,Dongying Liu 한국지질과학협의회 2018 Geosciences Journal Vol.22 No.2
The radon concentration in soil gas at the crustal surface is closely related to the development of local fractures. Therefore, the spatial variation in soil-gas radon concentrations across faults differs between fault zones located in different tectonic environments. This study investigates the Beiluntai thrust fault and the Haiyuan strike-slip fault in west China, which are assumed to be typical examples of the different types of faults. Radon concentrations in soil gas were measured at various locations around these faults, and the spatial variation in these concentrations was characterized along fault-perpendicular profiles. For normal fault, our results indicate that concentrations are usually highest at the fault, and decrease gradually away from the fault in either direction. For thrust, however, concentrations increase in the hanging wall approaching the fault, but decrease sharply at the fault. For strike-slip fault with extension across the fault, soil-gas radon concentrations are relatively high at the fault, and decrease gradually with distance from the fault. For strike-slip fault with contraction across the fault, soil-gas radon concentrations are relatively low at the fault, and increase gradually with distance from the fault.
Changes in groundwater level and temperature induced by distant earthquakes
Xiaolong Sun,Yaowei Liu 한국지질과학협의회 2012 Geosciences Journal Vol.16 No.3
We analyzed the co-seismic responses of groundwater level and temperature in the Tayuan Well, Beijing, China, induced by 85 distant earthquakes over the period from January 2004 to July 2009. The results show that the Tayuan Well records earthquakes worldwide and that the co-seismic response shows the following pattern: water-level oscillation, temperature decrease, oscillations stop, return to normal temperature. The amplitudes of changes in water level and temperature are related to the earthquake magnitude and the distance to the epicenter. We discuss the mechanisms of the decrease in water temperature during the period of oscillations in water level, and the mechanisms of the temperature increase subsequent to the cessation of oscillations. We also analyze the results of previous studies on co-seismic response mechanisms, and consider the mechanisms of gas escape, heat diffusion, and cold-water seepage. These mechanisms may have induced the decrease in water temperature recorded in the present study, and the subsequent return to normal temperatures was due to heat exchange between the well water and the surrounding wall rock
Joint Beamforming and Power Allocation Cognitive Radio Networks under Imperfect CSI
Jie Chen,Wen Xi,Xiaolong Sun 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.8 No.1
Traditional beamforming and power control algo-rithms in cognitive radio (CR) are based on the assumption of perfect channel state information (CSI) however; this may lead to performance degradation in realistic systems. In this paper, the problem of joint beamforming and power control is investigated in underlay CR networks with imperfect CSI. Our objective is to maximize the sum utility of secondary users (SUs) under the primary users (PUs) interference power constraints and the transmission power constraint of SUs. First, the joint beamforming and power control problem is formulated under game theory framework, where the SUs compete with each other over the beamforming vectors and transmission power level made available by the PUs. Moreover, the channel uncertainty is described using ellipsoid sets and the interference power constraints can be converted into robust interference power constraints. Besides, Nash equilibrium (NE) is considered as the solution of this game. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed scheme can converge to a locally optimal pair of beamforming vector and transmission power level in the presence of channel uncertainty.
Sun Guilian,Wu Zongmin,Zhai Lisheng,Yi Yin,Yan Huiqing,Huang Xiaolong 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.3
Background The seedling establishment is controlled by the programmed expression of sets of genes at the specific tissues of seed, abundance and environment. Plumule is an important part of the seed embryo and expresses the suits of genes to exert distinct functions during seed germination. Although rice genomic resources are available and developed rapidly, thousands of transcripts have not previously been located in the plumule of rice. Objective This study was performed to identify plumule-preferentially expressed (OsPluP) genes in rice and determine the expression profiles and functions of OsPluP genes. Methods We identified the OsPluP genes through Affymetrix microarray data. Meanwhile, qRT-PCR was performed to validate the expression pattern, also found that OsPluP genes were regulated by dark/light treatment. The cis-acting regulatory elements were analyzed in the promoters’ regions of OsPluP genes. The T-DNA mutant of the OsPluP seed was used to reveal the function in seed germination. Results In this study, a genomic survey of OsPluP genes was performed, and we identified 88 OsPluP genes based on Affymetrix microarray data. The expression profiles of 88 OsPluP members in 24 representative tissues covering rice whole life cycle can be roughly classified into three major groups, suggesting functional divergence of OsPluP genes in seed germination. The microarray data, qRT-PCR, and promoter analysis results demonstrated that transcripts of more than half OsPluPs (54 genes) could be enhanced in the darkness and respond to phytohormone. Gene Ontology (GO)and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis demonstrated that OsPluP and their co-expressed genes were highly enriched in fatty acid metabolism. Moreover, OsPluP82 T-DNA mutant seeds displayed short plumule length and storage lipid accumulation. Conclusion This study would enable the functions of OsPluP genes during seed germination and contribute to the goal of molecular regulatory networks that lay the foundation for further studies of seedling growth.
The effect of crash pulse on occupant injury in frontal coach collisions
Sun Tingting,Xiong Xin,Zheng Zhuan,Shi Xiaolong,Fan Jianwei 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.11
The purpose of this study is to reveal the effect of different acceleration curves on occupant injury risk in the frontal collision of coaches. Based on characteristics of frontal crash acceleration curves, the influence of characteristic parameters on occupant injury was studied using a two-factor variance analysis method. The finite element-rigid body coupling method was used to establish a coupled simulation for the dummy and the sled and evaluate differences in the effects on occupant injury between the acceleration curves of four different coaches and the acceleration envelope of the ECE R80 standard. Results indicate that the upper limit of the simplified curve has the greatest influence on occupant injury and it displays a positive correlation. The acceleration curve stipulated by ECE R80 is too idealized, which may lead to inadequacies in safety protection capability in vehicle and seat design.
Opposite Effects of Vitamin C and Vitamin E on the Antifungal Activity of Honokiol
( Lingmei Sun ),( Xiaolong Ye ),( Dafa Ding ),( Liao Kai ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.4
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of two well-known natural antioxidants, vitamin C (VC) and vitamin E (VE), on the antifungal activity of honokiol against Candida albicans. The broth microdilution method was employed to test the antifungal activities of honokiol with or without antioxidants in the medium against C. albicans strain. Intracellular reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation were determined by fluorescence staining assay. Mitochondrial dysfunction was assessed by detecting the mitochondrial DNA and the mitochondrial membrane potential. We observed that VC could significantly potentiate the antifungal activities of honokiol while VE reduced the effectiveness of honokiol against C. albicans. In addition, VC accelerated honokiol-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibited glycolysis leading to a decrease in cellular ATP. However, VE could protect against mitochondrial membrane lipid peroxidation and rescue mitochondrial function after honokiol treatment. Our research provides new insight into the understanding of the action mechanism of honokiol and VC combination against C. albicans.
ITERATIVE METHODS FOR GENERALIZED EQUILIBRIUM PROBLEMS AND NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS
Cho, Sun-Young,Kang, Shin-Min,Qin, Xiaolong Korean Mathematical Society 2011 대한수학회논문집 Vol.26 No.1
In this paper, a composite iterative process is introduced for a generalized equilibrium problem and a pair of nonexpansive mappings. It is proved that the sequence generated in the purposed composite iterative process converges strongly to a common element of the solution set of a generalized equilibrium problem and of the common xed point of a pair of nonexpansive mappings.
Cho, Sun-Young,Kang, Shin-Min,Qin, Xiaolong Korean Mathematical Society 2011 대한수학회논문집 Vol.26 No.3
In this paper, mappings which are asymptotically pseudo-contractive in the intermediate sense are considered based on a hybrid projection method. Strong convergence theorems of fixed points are established in the framework of Hilbert spaces.