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G. F. Steyn,C. Vermeulen,F. Szelecsenyi,Z. Kovacs,K. Suzuki,T. Fukumura,K. Nagatsu 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
Excitation functions have been measured for ^(86,87,88,89)Zr produced in the proton bombardment of ^(89)Y and ^(93)Nb as well as for ^(90,91m,92m)Nb formed in the case of ^(93)Nb+p. Thick-target yields were calculated and measured with the aim to investigate the feasibility of tandem niobium/yttrium targetry for the production of the medically important isotopes ^(88)Zr and ^(89)Zr in the proton energy region up to 70 MeV. The expected yields of the Zr isotopes formed as by-products in the Nb encapsulation of certain high-performance targetry have also been determined. Amongst the radio-niobiums, some of which are relevant in thin-layer activation (TLA) wear measurements of components made of alloys containing niobium, an unresolved discrepancy of about a factor of 2 is evident in the case of ^(92m)Nb.
Shen, Min,Zhang, Luoping,Lee, Kyoung-Mu,Vermeulen, Roel,Hosgood, H. Dean,Li, Guilan,Yin, Songnian,Rothman, Nathaniel,Chanock, Stephen,Smith, Martyn T.,Lan, Qing Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bion 2011 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.43 No.6
Benzene, a recognized hematotoxicant and carcinogen, can damage the human immune system. We studied the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in innate immunity and benzene hematotoxicity in a cross-sectional study of workers exposed to benzene (250 workers and 140 controls). A total of 1,236 tag SNPs in 149 gene regions of six pathways were included in the analysis. Six gene regions were significant for their association with white blood cell (WBC) counts ($MBP$, $VCAM1$, $ALOX5$, $MPO$, $RAC2$, and $CRP$) based on gene-region (P < 0.05) and SNP analyses (FDR <0.05). $VCAM1$ rs3176867, $ALOX5$ rs7099684, and $MPO$ rs2071409 were the three most significant SNPs. They showed similar effects on WBC subtypes, especially granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes. A 3-SNP block in $ALOXE3$ (rs7215658, rs9892383, and rs3027208) showed a global association (omnibus P = 0.0008) with WBCs even though the three SNPs were not significant individually. Our study suggests that polymorphisms in innate immunity genes may play a role in benzene-induced hematotoxicity; however, independent replication is necessary.
High-resolution metabolomics of occupational exposure to trichloroethylene
Walker, Douglas I,Uppal, Karan,Zhang, Luoping,Vermeulen, Roel,Smith, Martyn,Hu, Wei,Purdue, Mark P,Tang, Xiaojiang,Reiss, Boris,Kim, Sungkyoon,Li, Laiyu,Huang, Hanlin,Pennell, Kurt D,Jones, Dean P,Rot Oxford University Press 2016 International journal of epidemiology Vol.45 No.5
<P><B>Background:</B> Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) has been linked to adverse health outcomes including non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and kidney and liver cancer; however, TCE’s mode of action for development of these diseases in humans is not well understood.</P><P><B>Methods:</B> Non-targeted metabolomics analysis of plasma obtained from 80 TCE-exposed workers [full shift exposure range of 0.4 to 230 parts-per-million of air (ppm<SUB>a</SUB>)] and 95 matched controls were completed by ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry. Biological response to TCE exposure was determined using a metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) framework, with metabolic changes and plasma TCE metabolites evaluated by dose-response and pathway enrichment. Biological perturbations were then linked to immunological, renal and exposure molecular markers measured in the same population.</P><P><B>Results:</B> Metabolic features associated with TCE exposure included known TCE metabolites, unidentifiable chlorinated compounds and endogenous metabolites. Exposure resulted in a systemic response in endogenous metabolism, including disruption in purine catabolism and decreases in sulphur amino acid and bile acid biosynthesis pathways. Metabolite associations with TCE exposure included uric acid (<I>β</I> = 0.13, <I>P</I>-value = 3.6 × 10<SUP>−5</SUP>), glutamine (<I>β</I> = 0.08, <I>P</I>-value = 0.0013), cystine (<I>β</I> = 0.75, <I>P</I>-value = 0.0022), methylthioadenosine (<I>β</I> = −1.6, <I>P</I>-value = 0.0043), taurine (<I>β</I> = −2.4, <I>P</I>-value = 0.0011) and chenodeoxycholic acid (<I>β</I> = −1.3, <I>P</I>-value = 0.0039), which are consistent with known toxic effects of TCE, including immunosuppression, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Correlation with additional exposure markers and physiological endpoints supported known disease associations.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B> High-resolution metabolomics correlates measured occupational exposure to internal dose and metabolic response, providing insight into molecular mechanisms of exposure-related disease aetiology.</P>
Min Shen,H. Dean Hosgood,Luoping Zhang,이경무,Roel Vermeulen,Guilan Li,Songnian Yin,Nathaniel Rothman,Stephen Chanock,Martyn T. Smith,Qing Lan 생화학분자생물학회 2011 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.43 No.6
Benzene, a recognized hematotoxicant and carcinogen,can damage the human immune system. We studied the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in innate immunity and benzene hematotoxicity in a cross-sectional study of workers exposed to benzene (250 workers and 140 controls). A total of 1,236 tag SNPs in 149gene regions of six pathways were included in the analysis. Six gene regions were significant for their association with white blood cell (WBC) counts (MBP,VCAM1, ALOX5, MPO, RAC2, and CRP) based on gene-region (P < 0.05) and SNP analyses (FDR <0.05). VCAM1 rs3176867, ALOX5 rs7099684, and MPO rs2071409 were the three most significant SNPs. They showed similar effects on WBC subtypes, especially granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes. A 3-SNP block in ALOXE3 (rs7215658, rs9892383, and rs3027208) showed a global association (omnibus P =0.0008) with WBCs even though the three SNPs were not significant individually. Our study suggests that polymorphisms in innate immunity genes may play a role in benzene-induced hematotoxicity; however, independent replication is necessary.
I. Spahn,M. M. Shehata,S. Spellerberg,B. Scholten,H. H. Coenen,S. M. Qaim,G. F. Steyn,C. Vermeulen,Z. Kovacs,F. Szelecsenyi 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
The lighter, positron emitting isotopes ^(75)Br and ^(76)Br have already been in use for some time in molecular imaging with PET. The two Auger electron emitters ^(77)Br and ^(80m)Br are of potential interest for internal radiotherapy. In this work new cross section measurements were done on nine (p,xn) reactions on enriched Se targets up to 80 MeV. Thin samples were irradiated in a stacked-foil arrangement. The produced radioactivity was measured non-destructively using HPGe detector γ-ray spectrometry. Concerning ^(80m)Br, a special low-energy HPGe detector was used. From the cross section data on the formation of ^(75)Br, ^(76)Br, ^(77)Br and ^(80m)Br their possible production yields have been deduced and the issue of radionuclidic purity is discussed. Whereas an efficient production of ^(75)Br is only achievable via intermediate energy reactions above 30 MeV, ^(76)Br and ^(77)Br can be produced both with proton energies below 25 MeV as well as with intermediate energy protons up to 70 MeV. The production of ^(80m)Br appears to be a good application of small accelerators.
( Lieke C. J. Van Den Berk ),( Bas J. H. Jansen ),( Kim G. C. Siebers Vermeulen ),( Tonnie Huijs ),( Helene Roelofs ),( Gesine Kogler ),( Carl G. Figdor ),( Ruurd Torensma ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2011 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.8 No.1
Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) are quiescent and located in several vascular niches where they serve as a stem cell reservoir. When MSC are mobilized into peripheral tissues they are able to differentiate into various mesodermal cell lineages such as osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes, depending on the local micro-milieu. MSC can be tremendously expanded in vitro. This prompted us to compare the differentiation potential after short and long term expansion of two different MSC isolates, i.e. a cell type isolated from umbilical cord blood (UCB) and a cell type from bone marrow (BM). UCB-MSC maintain their proliferative properties for an extended period of time before they reach senescence. UCB-MSC and BM-MSC are both capable of differentiating towards the osteogenic lineage though expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and matrix mineralization was much more pronounced in UCB-MSC. Regarding adipogenic differentiation, UCB-MSC were not able to form oil droplets upon differentiation while BM-MSC readily could. We furthermore show that long-term culture affects the differentiation potential of MSC lines from both origins. Interestingly, the ageing occurring due to long term culture does not alter the immunogenic properties of MSC.