Establishment of and Comparison between Orthotopic Xenograft and Subcutaneous Xenograft Models of Gallbladder Carcinoma

Du, Qiang,Jiang, Lei,Wang, Xiao-Qian,Pan, Wei,She, Fei-Fei,Chen, Yan-Ling Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.8

Background: Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is the most common carcinoma of the biliary system. Among its research models, orthotopic xenograft models, important research tools, have been rarely reported in the literature however. Aim: To explore establishment of an orthotopic xenograft model and to evaluate the advantage and disadvantage as compared with other models. Materials and Methods: Subcutaneous xenograft and orthotopic xenograft models of gallbladder carcinoma in nude mice were established and compared with human gallbladder carcinomas. Results: For the orthotopic xenograft model and clinical gallbladder carcinomas, the lymph node metastatic rates were 69.2% and 53.3% (p>0.05); ascites generation rates, 38.5% and 11.7%(p<0.05); liver invasive rates, 100% and 61.7%(p<0.05); and lymphatic vessel densities (LVD), $10.4{\pm}3.02$ and $8.77{\pm}2.92$ (p>0.05), respectively. In the subcutaneous xenograft model, no evidence of ascites generation, lymph node metastasis and liver metastasis were found, and its LVD was lower ($4.56{\pm}1.53$, p<0.05). Conclusions: Compared with the subcutaneous xenograft model, the orthotopic xenograft model better simulates clinical gallbladder carcinoma in terms of metastasis and invasion, which may be attributed to the difference in microenvironment and LVD.

Bacterial and Fungal Diversity in the Starter Production Process of Fen Liquor, a Traditional Chinese Liquor

Xiao-Ran Li,En-Bo Ma,Liang-Zhen Yan,Han Meng,Xiao-Wei Du,Zhe-Xue Quan 한국미생물학회 2013 The journal of microbiology Vol.51 No.4

Fermented foods and beverages are important parts of human diet. Fen liquor, a Chinese liquor is a fermented beverage that uses a traditional fermentation process. Starters are the main microbial source and also provide nutrients for microorganisms during fermentation. In this study, starters of Fen liquor were produced through a complex traditional fermentation process. To investigate the community structure and the composition of microorganisms in the starter production process, bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions were sequenced using clone libraries and pyrosequencing, respectively. There was much higher diversity among the bacteria than among the fungi in the starter production process. Bacteria on the surface of the starters belonged mostly to the Lactobacillaceae family,while members of the Bacillacae family were dominant in the interior of the samples that lacked access to air and water. In the fungi population, diversity was high only in the raw material. In all other samples, nearly all of the fungal sequences were from Pichia kudriavzevii, a member of the Saccharomycetaceae family. Nearly all samples showed similar fungal community structures, indicating that there was little change in the fungal community. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to reveal the whole process of the starter production of Chinese traditional liquor. The findings obtained in this study provide new insights into understanding the composition of the microbial community during the traditional Chinese liquor starter production process and information about the production process control and monitoring.

Synthesis of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in Escherichia coli

Xiao-Nan Wei,Minjie Cao,Jian Li,Huan Li,Yi Song,Cuihong Du 한국생물공학회 2014 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.19 No.6

S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) is an importantphysiological metabolite in vivo and may be useful inmedicines. SAM is produced from L-methionine and ATPcatalyzed by S-adenosyl-L-methionine synthetase (SAMS)in vivo. In this study, the gene encoding SAMS was clonedand a genetically engineered Escherichia coli (E. coli)BL21(pET-28a-SAMS) was constructed. The recombinantSAMS with a molecular mass of approximately 46 kDawas expressed by inducing the engineered E. coli usingisopropyl-β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) as an inducer. To produce SAM using a low-cost, nontoxic and highperformanceexpression system, lactose was used as asubstitute for IPTG to induce BL21(pET-28a-SAMS). Byoptimizing the expression conditions, the concentration ofSAM produced by the engineered E. coli was 48 mg/L in theculture medium supernatant. To increase the concentrationof SAM produced, a coupled system was constructedconsisting of E. coli BL21(pET-28a-SAMS) and Saccharomycescerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) JM-310. In this coupled system,ATP generated from S. cerevisiae was provided to E. colifor producing a higher concentration of SAM. The SAMconcentration in the coupled system reached 1.7 g/L. SAMwas purified by a weak acid cationic exchange resin D113,and a simple and economical purification procedure forSAM isolation was achieved. SAM was confirmed byHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem MassSpectrometry analysis. Our study provides a feasible andconvenient approach to produce SAM.

Experimental Study on Sustained-release 5-Fluorouracil Implantation in Canine Peritoneum and Para-aortic Abdominalis

Wei, Guo,Nie, Ming-Ming,Shen, Xiao-Jun,Xue, Xu-Chao,Ma, Li-Ye,Du, Cheng-Hui,Wang, Shi-Liang,Bi, Jian-Wei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.1

Objective: To observe local and systemic toxicity after sustained-release 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) implantation in canine peritoneum and para-aortic abdominalis and the changes of drug concentration in the local implanted tissue with time. Methods: 300 mg sustained-release 5-Fu was implanted into canine peritoneum and para-aorta abdominalis. Samples were taken 3, 5, 7 and 10 days after implantation for assessment of changes and systemic reactions. High performance liquid chromatography was applied to detect the drug concentrations of peritoneal tissue at different distances from the implanted site, lymphatic tissue of para-aortic abdominalis, peripheral blood and portal venous blood. Results: 10 days after implantation, the drug concentrations in the peritoneum, lymphatic tissue and portal vein remained relatively high within 5 cm of the implanted site. There appeared inflammatory reaction in the local implanted tissue, but no visible pathological changes such as cell degeneration and necrosis, and systemic reaction like anorexia, nausea, vomiting and fever. Conclusions: Sustained-release 5-Fu implantation in canine peritoneum and para-aortic abdominalis can maintain a relatively high tumour-inhibiting concentration for a longer time in the local implanted area and portal vein, and has mild local and systemic reactions. Besides, it is safe and effective to prevent or treat recurrence of gastrointestinal tumours and liver metastasis.

An Unprecedented Trinodal (3,4,7)-Connected Metal-Organic Framework Containing Trizinc(II) Clusters

Wei-Guo Zhang,Guang-hua Cui,Shu-Lin Xiao,Xu Du 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.4

Enhanced Tendon-to-Bone Healing of Chronic Rotator Cuff Tears by Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate in a Rabbit Model

Xiao Ning Liu,양철중,김지의,Zhen Wu Du,Ming Ren,Wei Zhang,Hong Yu Zhao,김경옥,노규철 대한정형외과학회 2018 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.10 No.1

Background: To evaluate the influence of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) on tendon-to-bone healing in a rabbit rotator cuff model and to characterize the composition of growth factors in BMAC. Methods: In this in vivo study, 40 rabbits were allocated into five groups: control (C), repair + saline (RS), repair + platelet-rich plasma (PRP; RP), repair + BMAC (RB) and repair + PRP + BMAC (RPB). A tear model was created by supraspinatus tendon transection at the footprint. Six weeks after transection, the torn tendon was repaired along with BMAC or PRP administration. Six weeks after repair, shoulder samples were harvested for biomechanical and histological testing. Ten rabbits were used for processing PRP and BMAC, followed by analysis of blood cell composition and the levels of growth factors in vitro . Results: The ultimate load-to-failure was significantly higher in RPB group compared to RS group (p = 0.025). BMAC-treated groups showed higher values of biomechanical properties than RS group. The histology of BMAC-treated samples showed better collagen fiber continuity and orientation than RS group. BMAC contained significantly higher levels of the several growth factors than PRP. Conclusions: Locally administered BMAC enhanced tendon-to-bone healing and has potential for clinical applications.

Chemical Constituents from the Aerial Parts of Isodon coetsa and their Cytotoxicity

Wei Zhao,Jian Xin Pu,Xue Du,Yong Zhao,Fei He,Hai Bo Zhang,Yong Bo Xue,Wei Lie Xiao,Han Dong Sun,Ying Li Wu,Guo Qiang Chen 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.12

Three new compounds (1-3), including a neolignan, a triterpenoid, and a diterpenoid, together with twenty known compounds (4-23), were isolated from the aerial parts of Isodon coetsa. Their structures and relative configurations were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. Compounds 1, 3, 5-9, 11-13, 16-17, and 19-23 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against HT-29, BEL-7402, and SK-OV-3 human tumor cell lines. Compound 7 showed significant inhibitory effects on all three types of cells, with IC50 values of 2.52, 3.06, 2.14 μM, respectively.

An Unprecedented Trinodal (3,4,7)-Connected Metal-Organic Framework Containing Trizinc(II) Clusters

Zhang, Wei-Guo,Cui, Guang-Hua,Xiao, Shu-Lin,Du, Xu Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.4

Loss of MicroRNA-137 Impairs the Homeostasis of Potassium in Neurons via KCC2

Ting-Wei Mi,Xiao-Wen Sun,Zhi-Meng Wang,Ying-Ying Wang,Xuan-Cheng He,Cong Liu,Shuang-Feng Zhang,Hong-Zhen Du,Chang-Mei Liu,Zhao-Qian Teng 한국뇌신경과학회 2020 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.29 No.2

Neuropsychiatric disorders are the leading cause of mental and intellectual disabilities worldwide. Current therapies against neuropsychiatric disorders are very limited, and very little is known about the onset and development of these diseases, and their most effective treatments. MIR137 has been previously identified as a risk gene for the etiology of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. Here we generated a forebrain-specific MIR137 knockout mouse model, and provided evidence that loss of miR-137 resulted in impaired homeostasis of potassium in mouse hippocampal neurons. KCC2, a potassium-chloride co-transporter, was a direct downstream target of miR-137. The KCC2 specific antagonist VU0240551 could balance the current of potassium in miR-137 knockout neurons, and knockdown of KCC2 could ameliorate anxiety-like behavior in MIR137 cKO mice. These data suggest that KCC2 antagonists or knockdown might be beneficial to neuropsychiatric disorders due to the deficiency of miR-137.

Effect of Viscoelastic Deformation for CA Mortar on Mechanical Responses of Track Structures

Juanjuan Ren,Wei Du,Shijie Deng,Yuanjie Xiao,Haolan Li,Genyuan Tian 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.7

The viscoelastic deformation of cement emulsified asphalt mortar (CA mortar) can lead to gaps between the mortar and track slab, thereby adversely affecting the mechanical capability and deformation behavior of the track structures. According to the time hardening rate method, a solid model of the China Railway Track System I (CRTS-I) slab track was established to study the viscoelastic characteristics of mortar. What's more, this paper also analyzed the influence of viscoelastic deformation of mortar on the mechanical responses of track structures. The results obtained indicate that the viscoelastic deformation of CA mortar under train loading occurs mainly in the area from the track slab end to the third fastener, which is about 1.5 m long. Its viscoelastic deformation can reach nearly 0.6 mm. The maximum mortar stresses under passenger train and freight train loads with considering the viscoelastic deformation of mortar 0.6 mm, are 0.382 MPa and 0.566 MPa, respectively, which are both 2 to 3 times greater than those under normal conditions (without CA mortar failure, namely none vertical deformation of mortar). Besides, the vertical accelerations of rail and track slab are also significantly larger than those under normal conditions when the viscoelastic deformation of CA mortar is taken into account. And these values under the freight train load are greater than those under the passenger train load. Therefore, we suggest that future research should take the adverse impact of viscoelastic deformation of CA mortar into account when studying the mechanical responses of track structures. Furthermore, for the shared passenger and freight railway lines, the passage of freight trains should be strictly controlled.