一般評論中的徐庾文評

서보여 ( Xu Bao-yu ) 중국어문연구회 2017 中國語文論叢 Vol.0 No.79

Xu Ling(徐陵) and Yu Xin(庾信) are the most important authors in the Six Dynasties, who developed formal skills, rhetoric effects and phonetic beauty to the highest level. But the later evaluations were very difficult to balance in appraise. Some comments based on the ritual, music and political education, so they imputed the duty of national ruin to Xu Yu(徐庾). Some other based on the relationship between literary achievements and personality, debased their achievements since their some errors in the political integrity. In the Song Dynasty, with the emergence of Li Xue(理學), Xu Yu`s parallel prose got attacked once again as the sinner of literary. They despised the parallel prose just the style couldn`t accord with the principle named by Dao(道). Peoples in the Ming Dynasty liked returning to the ancient. So Xu Yu was to be discovered by the proofreading, note-offering, and annotating. The positive evaluations were increased more than before. To Qing Dynasty, the parallel prose was very flourishing. In the debating on parallel prose and prose, Xu Yu`s parallel prose was viewed as the orthodox form and taken unprecedented seriously. How to see the value of Xu Yu`s parallel prose, that formed a criticism history of Chinese literature. In some way, the level to praise or censure Xu Yu`s parallel prose reflects the level to recognize Chinese literature.

歷代文話賦話中的徐庾文評

Xu Bao Yu 중국학연구회 2017 중국학연구 Vol.- No.79

Xu Ling and Yu Xin were the most famous authors in the Six Dynasties since Zhao Ming-Wenxuan(昭明文選). No more research work has been carried out in the comments of their paralled prose(駢文). In this paper we just only discuss the comments in the theory of paralled prose and Fu(賦). In the theory of paralled prose, Wang Wenlu’s(王文祿) Wen-Mai(文脈), Lang Zhangju’s(梁章鉅) Tui-An’s Lunwen(退庵論文), Sun Mei’s(孫梅) SiLiu-Conghua(四六叢話) and Sun Deqian’s(孫德謙) Liucao-Lizhi(六朝儷指) were the important books. Among them, the two Sun’s was the master work. They basically hold positive attitude toward Xu-Yu’s(徐庾) paralled prose, which in accord with their views about paralled prose and essay. So they could break through the time, heap praise on Xu-Yu’s creation, not affected by ancient prose movement(古文運動), Song-Ming neo-confucianism(宋明理學) and the trend of classicism. In the theory of Fu(賦), there were some different judgements. The blame, such as Zhu Yao’s(祝堯) Gufu-Bianti(古賦辨體), objected the comic(俳體), modern(侓體) and Si-Liu style(四六體), defended the old form(古體). On the other side, the praise, such as Li Diaoyuan’s(李調元) Fuhua(賦話), broke away from traditional ideas and affirmed Xu-Yu’s contributions. On the whole, Qing Dynasty’s people could give the positive evaluations on Xu-Yu for their awareness of stylistic. It’s because they attached importance to it. However, since the last century new culture movement(新文化運動), the trend of criticism appeared again. They had an obvious inclination of the emphasis on content rather than on form, which still existed in the most histories of literature written by modern researchers.

The Kinetics of Anodic Dissolution and Repassivation on 316L Stainless Steel in Borate Buffer Solution Studied by Abrading Electrode Technique

( H S Xu1 ),( D B Sun ),( H Y Yu ),( H M Meng ) 한국부식방식학회(구 한국부식학회) 2015 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.14 No.6

The capacity of passive metal to repassivate after film damage determines the development of local corrosion and the resistance to corrosion failures. In this work, the repassivation kinetics of 316L stainless steel (316LSS) was investigated in borate buffer solution (pH 9. 1) using a novel abrading electrode technique. The repassivation kinetics was analyzed in terms of the current density flowing from freshly bare 316L SS surface as measured by a potentiostatic method. During the early phase of decay (t < 2 s), according to the Avrami kinetics-based film growth model, the transient current was separated into anodic dissolution (idiss) and film formation (ifilm) components and analyzed individually. The film reformation rate and thickness were compared according to applied potential. Anodic dissolution initially dominated the repassivation for a short time, and the amount of dissolution increased with increasing applied potential in the passive region. Film growth at higher potentials occurred more rapidly compared to at lower potentials. Increasing the applied potential from 0 VSCE to 0. 8 VSCE resulted in a thicker passive film (0. 12 to 0. 52 nm). If the oxide monolayer covered the entire bare surface (θ=1), the electric field strength through the thin passive film reached 1. 6 × 107 V/cm.

Methodological Issues and Challenges in Data Collection and Analysis of Qualitative Meta-Synthesis

Yu Xu 한국간호과학회 2008 Asian Nursing Research Vol.2 No.3

Qualitative meta-synthesis is an emerging method for synthesis of findings of qualitative studies. Based on a qualitative meta-synthesis study on the lived experiences of immigrant Asian nurses working in Western countries (Xu, 2007), this paper discusses several methodological issues and challenges encountered during the data collection and analysis processes and strategies used to resolve them. These issues and challenges include, but are not limited to: adequacy of qualifying studies and inclusion criteria; availability and accessibility of qualified studies; publication bias; quality versus quantity of primary studies; studies containing both quantitative and qualitative data; studies based on identical samples; separation of relevant data for analysis; and validity of synthesis findings. The strategies used (or desired) to resolve these issues and challenges were illustrated with exemplars from the published meta-synthesis study. This paper argues and concludes that: (a) the quality of qualified available studies is more essential for a qualitative meta-synthesis study and the quality versus quantity issue must be dealt with in context and perspective; (b) creativity and flexibility consistent with the principles and spirit of qualitative inquiry is required in resolving these issues; and (c) working within multiple constraints, the meta-synthesist frequently has to settle with less than ideal solutions during the research process in the real world. [Asian Nursing Research 2008;2(3):173–183] Qualitative meta-synthesis is an emerging method for synthesis of findings of qualitative studies. Based on a qualitative meta-synthesis study on the lived experiences of immigrant Asian nurses working in Western countries (Xu, 2007), this paper discusses several methodological issues and challenges encountered during the data collection and analysis processes and strategies used to resolve them. These issues and challenges include, but are not limited to: adequacy of qualifying studies and inclusion criteria; availability and accessibility of qualified studies; publication bias; quality versus quantity of primary studies; studies containing both quantitative and qualitative data; studies based on identical samples; separation of relevant data for analysis; and validity of synthesis findings. The strategies used (or desired) to resolve these issues and challenges were illustrated with exemplars from the published meta-synthesis study. This paper argues and concludes that: (a) the quality of qualified available studies is more essential for a qualitative meta-synthesis study and the quality versus quantity issue must be dealt with in context and perspective; (b) creativity and flexibility consistent with the principles and spirit of qualitative inquiry is required in resolving these issues; and (c) working within multiple constraints, the meta-synthesist frequently has to settle with less than ideal solutions during the research process in the real world. [Asian Nursing Research 2008;2(3):173–183]

Taguchi Approach for Anti-heat Stress Prescription Compatibility in Mice Spleen Lymphocytes In Vitro

Xiao-yu Zhu,Gui-lin Cheng,Feng-hua Liu,Jin Yu,Yu-jie Wang,Tong-quan Yu,Jian-qin Xu,Ming Wang 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.7

Heat stress (HS) may induce immunosuppression as well as inhibit the proliferation of lymphocytes. This study evaluated the effects on immune function of our prescription on splenic lymphocytes under HS as well as its compatibility. The effects of four herbal extracts from Agastache rugosa, Atractylodes lancea, Cortex Phellodendri, and Gypsum Fibrosum on heat treated splenic lymphocytes were investigated and the compatibility of the prescription was also explored by using the Taguchi method. This study revealed changes in proliferation by traditional Chinese medicines of splenic lymphocytes after HS. Proliferation in the HS group was significantly lower than the control group. Under HS, the effects of higher concentrations of Agastache rugosa (100 and 200 μg/mL), Atractylodes lancea (100 and 200 μg/mL), Cortex Phellodendri (50 and 100 μg/mL) and Gypsum Fibrosum (100 and 200 μg/mL) caused a significant increase on ConA/LPS-induced proliferation of lymphocytes than lower concentrations. We, therefore, conclude that the prescription of traditional Chinese medicines may recover splenic lymphocytes from the immunosuppression induced by HS. The Taguchi design, which allows rapid and high efficiency for the selection of the best conditions for our prescription on HS-treated splenic lymphocytes, demonstrated that Agastache rugosa (200 μg/mL), Atractylodes lancea (200 μg/mL), Cortex Phellodendri (100 μg/mL) and Gypsum Fibrosum (100 μg/mL)were the optimal conditions for the prescription. The validation experiment confirmed that our composition in optimum extraction conditions enhanced effects on ConA or LPS-stimulated lymphocytes under HS. The results showed that the Taguchi optimization approach is a suitable method for optimization of the composition of prescription.

Investment Climate Analysis of China and South Korea: Based on Grading Method

Jing LI(Jing LI),Xin Yu XU(Xin Yu XU),Jie XU(Jie XU),Shuai SU(Shuai SU),Fan ZHANG(Fan ZHANG) 한국4차산업학회 2022 4차산업연구 Vol.2 No.2

Purpose - This study analyzes the investment environment of South Korea by using the rating scale of Robert B Stobaugh, Jr, and draws conclusion implication. Research design, data, and methodology - The study conducted a survey on according to the political stability, capital repatriation, foreign ownership allowed, discrimination and controls, foreign vs domestic businesses, currency stability, willingness to grant tariff protection, availability of local capital, and annual inflation for last 5 years. The score of these eight aspects will be given based on the current situation in South Korea and the sum of the scores will be calculated. Result - China-Korea economic and trade relations are in a stage of transformation and upgrading, and the level of economic and trade cooperation in various fields is reaching a new level. It is hoped that Chinese enterprises will grasp business opportunities, strengthen research and analysis of the Korea market and achieve mutually beneficial cooperation. Conclusion - The investment environment of South Korea is superior according to the political stability, capital repatriation, foreign ownership allowed, discrimination and controls, foreign vs domestic businesses, currency stability, willingness to grant tariff protection, availability of local capital, and annual inflation for last 5 years.

Unbalance Control Strategy of Boost Type Three-Phase to Single-Phase Matrix Converters Based on Lyapunov Function

Xu, Yu-xiang,Ge, Hong-juan,Guo, Hai The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.1

This paper analyzes the input side performance of a conventional three-phase to single-phase matrix converter (3-1MC). It also presents the input-side waveform quality under this topology. The suppression of low-frequency input current harmonics is studied using the 3-1MC plus capacitance compensation unit. The constraint between the modulation function of the output and compensation sides is analyzed, and the relations among the voltage utilization ratio and the output compensation capacitance, filter capacitors and other system parameters are deduced. For a 3-1MC without large-capacity energy storage, the system performance is susceptible to input voltage imbalance. This paper decouples the inner current of the 3-1MC using a Lyapunov function in the input positive and negative sequence bi-coordinate axes. Meanwhile, the outer loop adopts a voltage-weighted synthesis of the output and compensation sides as a cascade of control objects. Experiments show that this strategy suppresses the low-frequency input current harmonics caused by input voltage imbalance, and ensures that the system maintains good static and dynamic performances under input-unbalanced conditions. At the same time, the parameter selection and debugging methods are simple.

CT Fractional Flow Reserve for the Diagnosis of Myocardial Bridging-Related Ischemia: A Study Using Dynamic CT Myocardial Perfusion Imaging as a Reference Standard

Yu Yarong,Yu Lihua,Dai Xu,Zhang Jiayin 대한영상의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.22 No.12

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic performance of CT fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) for myocardial bridging-related ischemia using dynamic CT myocardial perfusion imaging (CT-MPI) as a reference standard. Materials and Methods: Dynamic CT-MPI and coronary CT angiography (CCTA) data obtained from 498 symptomatic patients were retrospectively reviewed. Seventy-five patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 62.7 ± 13.2 years; 48 males) who showed myocardial bridging in the left anterior descending artery without concomitant obstructive stenosis on the imaging were included. The change in CT-FFR across myocardial bridging (ΔCT-FFR, defined as the difference in CT-FFR values between the proximal and distal ends of the myocardial bridging) in different cardiac phases, as well as other anatomical parameters, were measured to evaluate their performance for diagnosing myocardial bridging-related myocardial ischemia using dynamic CT-MPI as the reference standard (myocardial blood flow < 100 mL/100 mL/min or myocardial blood flow ratio ≤ 0.8). Results: ΔCT-FFRsystolic (ΔCT-FFR calculated in the best systolic phase) was higher in patients with vs. without myocardial bridging-related myocardial ischemia (median [interquartile range], 0.12 [0.08–0.17] vs. 0.04 [0.01–0.07], p < 0.001), while CT-FFRsystolic (CT-FFR distal to the myocardial bridging calculated in the best systolic phase) was lower (0.85 [0.81–0.89] vs. 0.91 [0.88–0.96], p = 0.043). In contrast, ΔCT-FFRdiastolic (ΔCT-FFR calculated in the best diastolic phase) and CT-FFRdiastolic (CT-FFR distal to the myocardial bridging calculated in the best diastolic phase) did not differ significantly. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that ΔCT-FFRsystolic had largest area under the curve (0.822; 95% confidence interval, 0.717–0.901) for identifying myocardial bridging-related ischemia. ΔCT-FFRsystolic had the highest sensitivity (91.7%) and negative predictive value (NPV) (97.8%). ΔCT-FFRdiastolic had the highest specificity (85.7%) for diagnosing myocardial bridging-related ischemia. The positive predictive values of all CT-related parameters were low. Conclusion: ΔCT-FFRsystolic reliably excluded myocardial bridging-related ischemia with high sensitivity and NPV. Myocardial bridging showing positive CT-FFR results requires further evaluation.

Pseudocapacitance: Emergent Pseudocapacitance of 2D Nanomaterials (Adv. Energy Mater. 13/2018)

Yu, Xu,Yun, Sol,Yeon, Jeong Seok,Bhattacharya, Pallab,Wang, Libin,Lee, Seung Woo,Hu, Xianluo,Park, Ho Seok Wiley (John WileySons) 2018 Advanced energy materials Vol.8 No.13

Knocking Down Nucleolin Expression Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Influencing DNA-PKcs Activity

Xu, Jian-Yu,Lu, Shan,Xu, Xiang-Ying,Hu, Song-Liu,Li, Bin,Qi, Rui-Xue,Chen, Lin,Chang, Joe Y. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.8

Nucleolin (C23) is an important anti-apoptotic protein that is ubiquitously expressed in exponentially growing eukaryotic cells. In order to understand the impact of C23 in radiation therapy, we attempted to investigate the relationship of C23 expression with the radiosensitivity of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We investigated the role of C23 in activating the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs), which is a critical protein for DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair. As a result, we found that the expression of C23 was negatively correlated with the radiosensitivity of NSCLC cell lines. In vitro clonogenic survival assays revealed that C23 knockdown increased the radiosensitivity of a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line, potentially through the promotion of radiation-induced apoptosis and adjusting the cell cycle to a more radiosensitive stage. Immunofluorescence data revealed an increasing quantity of ${gamma}$-H2AX foci and decreasing radiation-induced DNA damage repair following knockdown of C23. To further clarify the mechanism of C23 in DNA DSBs repair, we detected the expression of DNA-PKcs and C23 proteins in NSCLC cell lines. C23 might participate in DNA DSBs repair for the reason that the expression of DNA-PKcs decreased at 30, 60, 120 and 360 minutes after irradiation in C23 knockdown cells. Especially, the activity of DNA-PKcs phosphorylation sites at the S2056 and T2609 was significantly suppressed. Therefore we concluded that C23 knockdown can inhibit DNA-PKcs phosphorylation activity at the S2056 and T2609 sites, thus reducing the radiation damage repair and increasing the radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells. Taken together, the inhibition of C23 expression was shown to increase the radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells, as implied by the relevance to the notably decreased DNA-PKcs phosphorylation activity at the S2056 and T2609 clusters. Further research on targeted C23 treatment may promote effectiveness of radiotherapy and provide new targets for NSCLC patients.