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파견철폐공대위법률지원팀 민주주의법학연구회 2001 민주법학 Vol.19 No.1
Two and a half years have passed since "Act Relating to Protection, etc., for Dispatched Workers" was enacted. It increased illegal worker dispatch which was already wide spread and last June employers dismissed thousands of dipatched workers to avoid applying the article 6 (3). The pervasive illegal dispatch and useless protection provisions are making the working conditions of dispatched workers worse and worse. Several companies do not keep even the minimum wage; dispatched workers are denied a right guaranteed in the law, in the term of interpretation or execution. The Ministry of Labor and the Labor Relations Commission, which should supervise the company, desert the duty to protect the dispatched workers; from ignorance of the reality of dispatch working place, and apply the principle of normal work condition to the dispatched workers, or misunderstand the will of an article to prohibit habitual dispatch. The most serious problems of dipatched workers might be low wages and long working hours. But the reason workers submit these conditions is that using employer can dismiss dipatched workers only by terminating the contract on worker dispatch and can easily block organizing trade-unions, for using employer is not punished of unfair labor practices Here I will deal with the legal status of dispatched workers, especially about the right of association, collective bargaining, collective action and employment security. First I will present poor labor conditions of dispatched workers and then show how their rights of association through trade-union are invaded and how easily they can be dismissed. I will point out unfair labor practices of employers, and ading and abetting of the Ministry of Labor. I insist the security of the basic right of labor and the stability of employment for the protection of dispatched workers. Ultimately to reveal the deceit that the act will contribute protecting dipatched workers and make clear all these problems can be solved only when the worker dispatch itself is abolished.
Clint Work 이화여자대학교 국제지역연구소 2016 Asian International Studies Review Vol.17 No.1
After the Cold War, conditions appeared ripe for the formation of new multilateral institutions that would have more accurately reflected the altered distribution of power in East Asia. However, no new or robust institutions were established. Despite the value of certain historical and structural arguments, this study emphasizes the role of the United States in contributing to this outcome. Building upon critical historiography, this article sketches three frames of U.S. foreign policy held by U.S. elites (including: expansion, preponderance, and exceptionalism), traces their operation in the discourse and rationales behind U.S. policy during the post-Cold War interregnum, and argues that these frames worked against any attempt by the United States to establish new multilateral institutions.
경로 최적화 알고리즘을 이용한 3차원 차량 충돌 시뮬레이션
성진욱(Jin-Work Seong),고승욱(Seung-Work Ko),권태수(Tae-Soo Kwon) 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회 2015 컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지 Vol.21 No.5
본 논문은 실제 블랙박스 영상을 통해 추적한 차량의 실제 경로 또는 사용자가 UI를 통해 그린 차량의 이동 경로를 이용하여 사실적인 3차원 차량 충돌 장면을 물리 시뮬레이션을 통해 생성하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션에 사용될 차량의 3차원 경로의 획득, 물리 기반 시뮬레이터 상에서 사용자가 원하는 경로대로 3차원 차량 모델을 적은 오차로 제어하는 경로 추적 알고리즘, 그리고 남아있는 오차를 보다 더 줄여주는 경로 최적화 알고리즘을 조합하여 사용자의 의도에 맞는 정확한 경로에서의 차량 충돌 장면을 재현하도록 도와준다. 또한 차량 충돌로 인한 차체의 변형을 차량 모델 골격의 세분화를 통하여 실시간으로 시뮬레이션 하여 실제 교통사고 시의 차량의 충돌 장면이 최대한 가상공간에서 사실적으로 재현되도록 한다. Our research introduces a novel system for creating 3D vehicle animation. Our system is for intuitively authoring vehicle accident scenes according to videos or based on user-drawn trajectories. Our system has been implemented by combining three existing ideas. The first part is for obtaining 3D trajectory of a vehicle from black-box videos. The second part is a tracking algorithm that controls a vehicle to follow a given trajectory with small errors. The last part optimizes the vehicle control parameters so that the error between the input trajectory and simulated vehicle trajectory is minimized. We also simulate the deformation of the car due to an impact to achieve believable results in real-time.
Other Korean Working Group in Myocardial Infarction Registry Investigators,Kim, K.H.,Kim, W.,Hwang, S.H.,Kang, W.Y.,Cho, S.C.,Kim, W.,Jeong, M.H. Japanese College of Cardiology 2015 Journal of cardiology Vol.65 No.2
Background: The CHA<SUB>2</SUB>DS<SUB>2</SUB>VASc score has been used to evaluate the risk of thromboembolic events in atrial fibrillation. However, because all the components of CHA<SUB>2</SUB>DS<SUB>2</SUB>VASc are important cardiovascular risk factors, we decided to evaluate the effectiveness of CHA<SUB>2</SUB>DS<SUB>2</SUB>VASc score as a long-term predictor for prognosis in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Methods: We enrolled 15,681 AMI patients for the Korean Working Group in Acute Myocardial Infarction (KORMI) consecutively and analyzed retrospectively. We divided the all the patients into four groups according to CHADS<SUB>2</SUB>VASc score (Group I: 0-1, n=3317; Group II: 2-3, n=6794; Group III: 4-5, n=4457; Group IV: 6-9, n=1113). The cardiac event was defined as the sum of all-cause mortality and recurrence of myocardial infarction. Results: As the risk score increased, the incidence of cardiac events was higher at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months. The cardiac event-free survival rate was lower as the risk score increased (Group I vs Group II, p<0.001; Group II vs Group III, p<0.001; Group III vs Group IV, p=0.037). After adjusting confounding variables, the Cox-regression multivariate analysis showed that the CHA<SUB>2</SUB>DS<SUB>2</SUB>VASc score was an independent predictor for the long-term prognosis in total AMI patients (p<0.001, hazard ratio=1.414 per scale). Conclusion: The AMI patients with higher CHA<SUB>2</SUB>DS<SUB>2</SUB>VASc score had worse cardiovascular outcome. Therefore, CHADS<SUB>2</SUB>VASc score can be used to stratify AMI patients according to long-term prognosis irrespective of presence of atrial fibrillation.
ASCI Practice Guideline Working Group,백경민,김정아,최연현,Sim Kui Hian,John Hoe,홍유진,김성목,김태훈,김영진,김윤현,Sachio Kuribayashi,이종민,Lilian Leong,임태환,Bin Lu,박재형,Hajime Sakuma,양동현,Tan Swee Yaw,Yung-Liang Wan,Zhaoqi Zhan 대한영상의학회 2017 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.18 No.6
In 2010, the Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging (ASCI) provided recommendations for cardiac CT and MRI, and this document reflects an update of the 2010 ASCI appropriate use criteria (AUC). In 2016, the ASCI formed a new working group for revision of AUC for noninvasive cardiac imaging. A major change that we made in this document is the rating of various noninvasive tests (exercise electrocardiogram, echocardiography, positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, radionuclide imaging, cardiac magnetic resonance, and cardiac computed tomography/angiography), compared side by side for their applications in various clinical scenarios. Ninety-five clinical scenarios were developed from eight selected pre-existing guidelines and classified into four sections as follows: 1) detection of coronary artery disease, symptomatic or asymptomatic; 2) cardiac evaluation in various clinical scenarios; 3) use of imaging modality according to prior testing; and 4) evaluation of cardiac structure and function. The clinical scenarios were scored by a separate rating committee on a scale of 1–9 to designate appropriate use, uncertain use, or inappropriate use according to a modified Delphi method. Overall, the AUC ratings for CT were higher than those of previous guidelines. These new AUC provide guidance for clinicians choosing among available testing modalities for various cardiac diseases and are also unique, given that most previous AUC for noninvasive imaging include only one imaging technique. As cardiac imaging is multimodal in nature, we believe that these AUC will be more useful for clinical decision making.