아퀴나스에서 물질적 단일자에 대한 인식의 문제

박우석 ( Park¸ Woo-suk ) 한국가톨릭철학회 2010 가톨릭철학 Vol.0 No.14

아퀴나스의 물질적 단일자에 대한 인식의 문제는 중세 인식론의 역사에서 가장 치열하게 논의되어 온 문제들 가운데 하나이다. 이는 부분적으로 알러스나 데이처럼 몇몇 학자들이 그 문제를 토마스의 체계 전체를 통해 가장 취약한 지점으로 취급했다는 사실에 기인한다. 알러스와 데이의 의견을 검토하고 나서 필자는 인간 지성의 고유 대상의 문제를 통해 물질적 단일자들의 불가지성의 근원의 문제를 논의할 것이다. 필자는 이 문제들을 적절하게 논의하기 위해서는 물질적 단일자 내에 현존하는 하성(何性)에 대한 인식의 문제와 물질적 단일자에 대한 인식의 문제의 구별이 중요하다는 점을 시사할 것이다. 이 구별을 전제하고서 아퀴나스 자신의 해결책이 그 자신의 문제를 다루기에 충분할 만큼 아주 교묘하다는 점을 보일 것이다. 다시 말해서, 물질적 단일자에 대한 인식의 문제는 몇몇 주석가들의 주장처럼 아퀴나스에게만 특별히 야기되는 문제가 아니다. Aquinas’ problem of knowledge of material singulars is one of the most heatedly discussed problems in the history of medieval epistemology. That is partly due to the fact that some scholars such as Allers and Day have treated the problem as the weakest spot in the entire Thomistic system. After having examined Allers’ and Day’s opinions, I shall discuss the problem of the root of the unintelligibility of material singulars via the problem of the proper object of the human intellect. I shall suggest that it is important to distinguish between the knowledge of the quiddity existing in material singulars and the knowledge of material singulars in order to discuss these problems properly. With this distinction, it will be shown that Aquinas’ own solution is ingenious enough to handle his own question. In other words, the problem of knowledge of material singulars is not parochial to Aquinas, as some commentators claim.

The Effects of Installing the New Police Box or Constabulary on Crime

Woosuk Yun(Woosuk Yun) J-INSTITUTE 2022 Regulations Vol.7 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the effect of police force on crime. To discuss in more detail, it is intended to understand the change in the number of crimes caused by the police's new police box. Among the various variables that measure police force, police substations such as police constabulary and police box are important variables. In particular, if the police force is improved through the opening of a new police box, crime suppressive effects are also expected to increase. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare the difference between the number of theft and violent crimes caused by the police's new police box. Method: The data used in this study are data on theft and violence in a city of 500,000 people located in Gyeongsangbukdo region. More specifically, a specific administrative dong(Gupyeong-dong in Gumi City) of the city are subject to analysis. Data for a total of 39 months from 2012(January) to 2015(May) were analyzed. More specifically, this study compared and analyzed the number of thefts and violent crimes that occurred before and after the opening of the police box in October 2013. In this study, a T-test was attempted for average comparison. Results: As a result of statistical analysis, it was confirmed that the police force has the ability to suppress crimes in this study. In many existing police studies, it is understood that the police force has a positive or mean-ingless effect on crime. In addition, few previous studies have identified the relationship between the establish-ment of new police substations and crime. Conclusion: Through this study, it is an important result showing that the establishment of a new police box by the police has a suppressive effect on crime. As shown in this study, it can be seen that the newly established police box statistically significantly reduced theft and violent crime. In other words, police forces have reduced crime. This result is important evidence to support the discussion of existing classical criminology and neoclassical criminology. The theory of inhibition developed in classical criminology is understood as an important mechanism by which police can suppress criminals. In particular, it is understood that the establishment of a police box has increased the fear of punishment for criminals. In addition, based on neoclassical criminology, it is understood that the establishment of a police box would have worked to strengthen surveillance and increase the risk of punishment. Based on the results of this study, more policy discussions should be held to maximize the effect of reducing and inhibiting crime opportunities by establishing more small police boxes than large-scale police sub-stations.

A Case Study on Logistics Services Preferences for Supply Chain Entities in Shandong Province, China

Woosuk Seo,Seung Bum Ahn 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 2019 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS AND TRADE Vol.17 No.2

As the Chinese economy has grown rapidly and as its container throughputs has demonstrated a stark increase in recent decades, companies worldwide have developed stronger financial connections with supply chain entities in China, a huge “Production Factory” in the world. This global economic trend arouses significant attention to distinct preference of individual entities in supply chain. The primary goal of the study is to establish statistical understanding on factors of logistics service preferences of each supply chain of each supply chain entity in China, especially Shandong Province. Ultimately, the study aims i) to establish the solid framework for proper evaluation of logistics services in supply chains, ii) to enhance the preferences of logistics services as a differentiating feature on behalf of entities. The study utilizes a holistic approach in analyzing logistics service attributes which affect overall logistics entities in an effort to overcome the limitations of previous studies which failed to provide integrating viewpoint of supply chain entities. In this study, AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method is used as an analysis tool which allows an in-depth examination of the differences between factors and evaluations of customers regarding the logistics service attributes. The results clearly show distinctive service preferences for each four supply chain entities in Shandong Province of China such as 3PLs (forwarder, carrier, and warehouse), Customs (airport, seaport, and bonded area), Market channels (wholesaler, retailer, and e-retailer), and Manufacturers regarding the logistics service attributes.

Protein disulfide isomerase A3 has differential roles on proliferating cell and neuroblast numbers in the normal and ischemic gerbils

Woosuk Kim,Dae Young Yoo,Su Bin Cho,Hyo Young Jung,Sung Min Nam,Yeo Sung Yoon,Dae Won Kim,Soo Young Choi,In Koo Hwang 한국실험동물학회 2020 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.2

Phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 1 protects CA1 neurons against ischemic damage via ERK-CREB signaling in mongolian gerbils

Woosuk Kim,Hyo Yong Jung,Dae Young Yoo,Dae Won Kim,In Koo Hwang 한국실험동물학회 2018 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.1

A Location Problem of Fast Charging Stations Considering Congestion

Woosuk Yang 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 2017 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS AND TRADE Vol.15 No.3

This paper considers locating congested fast charging stations (FCSs) and deploying chargers in a stochastic environment, while the related studies have predominantly focused on problems in deterministic environments. Reducing the inconvenience caused by congestion at FCSs is an important challenge for FCS service provider. This is the underlying motivation for this study to consider a problem for FCS network design with the congestion restriction in a stochastic environment. We proposed a maximal coverage problem subject to budget constraints and a congestion restriction in order to maximize the demand coverage. With the derivation of the congestion restriction in the considered stochastic environment, the problem is formulated into an integer programming model. A real-life case study is conducted and managerial implications are drawn from its results.

Improvement of CH selection of WSN Protocol

WooSuk Lee,Kye-Dong Jung,Jong-Yong Lee 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2017 Journal of Advanced Smart Convergence Vol.6 No.3

A WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) is a network that is composed of wireless sensor nodes. There is no restriction on the place where it can be installed because it is composed wirelessly. Instead, sensor nodes have limited energy. Therefore, to use the network for a long time, energy consumption should be minimized. Several protocols have been proposed to minimize energy consumption, and the typical protocol is the LEACH protocol. The LEACH protocol is a cluster-based protocol that minimizes energy consumption by dividing the sensor field into clusters. Depending on how you organize the clusters of sensor field, network lifetimes may increase or decrease. In this paper, we will improve the network lifetime by improving the cluster head selection method in LEACH Protocol.

Improving Hot Spot Problem in Layer of DL-LEACH

WooSuk LEE,Seung Yeon Jin,Kye-Dong Jung,Jong-Yong Lee 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2017 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.9 No.2

The abstract should summarize the contents of the paper and written below the author information. Use th In Wide-area Wireless Sensor Networks, network lifetime is short due to energy consumption due to transmission distance. To improve this, we divide the sensor field into layers and reduce transmission distance through multi-hop transmission. However, there is a problem in that the transmission rate drops because there is no Cluster Head in the layer, or the transmission distance increases due to the layer, and energy is wasted. There are DL-LEACH and EDL-LEACH as Protocols to improve this. DL-LEACH uses either single-hop transmission or multi-hop transmission depending on the situation. As a result, the transmission distance is optimized, thereby reducing energy consumption. In case of EDL-LEACH, it is proposed to improve the data rate in DL-LEACH. It is the same as DL-LEACH, but the Cluster Head is mandatory for all layers to improve the transmission rate. Although there is no Cluster Head for each layer, the transmission rate is improved, but the network life is shortened. In this paper, we try to improve the network lifetime while maintaining the EDL-LEACH transmission rate. The shortened network lifetime is due to Cluster Head overload near the base station. To improve this, the Cluster Head distribution method is improved and the network lifetime is improved.

Effect of Nalbuphine on Hemdynamic Values and Bispectral Indices during Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA) with Propofol and Remifentanil

Woosuk Chung,Young Kwon Ko,Hee Suk Yoon,Jun Gun Lee 대한마취과학회 2007 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.53 No.6

Background: Remifentanil requires a long acting agent for postoperative pain control, and Nalbuphine, a long acting agonist-antagonist, causes less respiratory depression than pure μ-agonists. However, Nalbuphine can also cause additional distress when used with a pure μ-agonist. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of nalbuphine during TIVA with remifentanil and propofol. Methods: 56 ASA class I, II adult patients undergoing minor surgery were included in this study. After maintaining BIS values between 40-60 as well as a relatively similar blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) for 20 minutes without changing the target concentrations of anesthesia during surgical procedures, the subjects received either 0.1 ml/kg of normal saline or nalbuphine intravenously. Hemodynamic and BIS variables were then recorded for 20 minutes, during which time the target concentrations were not modified. The BIS values, heart rate, and mean arterial pressure were then compared between groups using t-tests, with a P < 0.05 being considered statistically significant. Results: The mean BIS and HR measured at each interval in the nalbuphine group were not significantly different from those of the control group. However, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after the administration of nalbuphine, the mean systolic BP and the mean arterial BP of the treatment and control groups were significantly different (P < 0.05). In addition, the mean diastolic BP was also significantly different 10 and 20 minutes after the treatment was administered (P < 0.05). Postoperative pain was well controlled and none of the patients reported intraoperative awareness. Conclusions: Although nalbuphine seems to cause distress, which appeared as an increase in BP, it may still be used in combination with propofol and remifentanil because it did not cause a significant increase in the HR and BIS values. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2007; 53: S 7∼11)

Belief Revision in Baduk : A Preliminary Discussion

Woosuk Park 국제바둑학회(구 한국바둑학회) 2005 국제학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.1