The Effect of STAT1 in Mouse Spermatozoa In Vitro

Ki-Uk Kim,Ki-jin Kwon,Kyu-Ho Kang,Won-Ki Pang,Sae-Han Kang,Dong-Ha Shin,Do-Yeal Ryu,Amena Khatun,Md Saidur Rahman,Myung-Geol Pang 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10

Mammalian spermatozoa must undergo several physiological modifications both prior to in vivo and in vitro fertilization. These functional/physiological modifications of spermatozoa, called capacitation, are prerequisites for fertilization. Therefore, sperm proteins that modify the aforementioned events could regulate their function and fertilization competence. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) is a transcriptional protein reported to have a role in sperm capacitation. However, the function of STAT1 in spermatozoa has not yet been clarified. Therefore, Our study was designed to evaluate the role of the STAT1 using the specific inhibitor, fludarabine (Flu) in mouse spermatozoa. In this in vitro study, mouse spermatozoa were incubated for 30, 60, and 90 min accordingly to investigate the role of STAT1 on sperm capacitation. Our results revealed that the expression levels of STAT1 was significantly decreased at 90 min, perhaps as a consequence of sperm capacitation. Simultaneously, we treated mouse spermatozoa with different doses of a specific inhibitor of STAT1, fludarabine (150μM, 1500μM). Although our results showed that motility/motion kinematics, viability, and capacitation status have no significant difference following exposure to fludarabine, capacitation status tends to increase. Taken together, it is tempting to speculate that STAT1 could be associated with sperm capacitation. However, further studies are needed to discover the underlying mechanisms of STAT1 on sperm capacitation.

Over Expression of Aminopeptidase N has Negative Effect on Boar Fertility

Won-Ki Pang,Kyu-Ho Kang,Ki-Uk Kim,Ki-Jin Kwon,Sae-Han Kang,Amena Khatun,Do-Yeal Ryu,Md Saidur Rahman,Myung-Geol Pang 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10

Artificial insemination is a commonly used technology in the porcine industry that directly linked to the genetic upgradation of future progeny and profitable farm management. Therefore, accurate prediction of boar fertility is a matter of paramount importance. Although prediction of semen/sperm fertility using conventional analysis provides a preliminary assumption of male fertility, its practical value is limited. Protein content in the cell provides an important and fascinating insight to the dynamics of cell function. Therefore, the study of protein function in spermatozoa and their corresponding relationship with male fertility might be an excellent alternative tool for more accurate prediction of male fertility. Recently we demonstrated that aminopeptidase N (APN) activity is negatively correlated with motility and fertility of mice spermatozoa. Here, we investigated whether APN is also correlated with the fertility of boar. Spermatozoa were collected from high and low fertility boar based on their field fertility data (average litter size 13.2±0.06 and 11.1±0.14, respectively). Simultaneously, APN levels were examined by Western blotting using the corresponding antibody. In addition, spermatozoa from both fertility groups were examined by conventional semen analysis such as computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) and chlorotetracycline (CTC) staining. Our data showed a significant higher APN expression in low fertility boar spermatozoa compare to the fertile counterpart (p<0.05). Interestingly, no significant difference was noticed in motility, motion kinematics, and capacitation status between both groups. Based on this findings, it is tempting to speculate that APN activity might directly correlate with boar fertility. Therefore, APN activity in spermatozoa is more accurate and sensitive biomarker for the detection of boar fertility then conventional semen analysis. However, further studies and needed to confirm our initial findings

The Optimization of Porcine Sperm Decondensation Procedure for Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

Ki-Jin Kwo,Won-Ki Pang,Kyu-Ho Kang,Ki-Uk Kim,Sae-Han Kang,Dong-Ha Shin,Amena Khatun,Do-Yeal Ryu,Md Saidur Rahman,Myung-Geol Pang 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10

Sperm decondensation must be accomplished before fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). However, the lack of studies were conducted to discover the optimal porcine sperm decondensation for improving efficiency of FISH. We therefore sought to investigate the proper conditions of porcine sperm decondensation for FISH. In this trial, semen samples were obtained from eleven boar and immediately washed. After washing, the suspension was smeared and fixed on slides. Air-dried slides were incubated at 37℃ for 0, 15, 30 and 45 min in a 5 mmol/L dithiothreitol (DTT) to cleave protamine disulfide bonds, and thus sperm head decondensation was occurred. Subsequently, slides were counter-stained with hoechst 33258 to measure several parameters of sperm head by using microscope. The area, perimeter, and length of sperm head were significantly increased after 30 min incubation. This result demonstrated that sperm head is effectively expanded, which is essential for sperm decondensation after 30 min incubation. Subsequently, the roundness of sperm head was significantly increased after 15 min incubation. This result showed that the circularity of sperm head, which is important for sperm head decondensation, is ideal after 15 min. Taken together, the incubation time of optimal sperm head decondensation could be 30 min to get better achievement for FISH.

하둡분산 파일 시스템에 기초한 DNS의 DDoS공격에 강건한 모델 설계

방세중(Pang Sechung),이승하(Lee SeungHa),강승원(Kang Seung Won),김기홍(Kim Ki-Hong) 한국통신학회 2011 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.2

Effect of endocrine disruptors on the ratio of X and Y chromosome-bearing live spermatozoa

Song, Won-Hee,Mohamed, Elsayed A.,Pang, Won-Ki,Kang, Kyu-Ho,Ryu, Do-Yeal,Rahman, Md Saidur,Pang, Myung-Geol Elsevier 2018 Reproductive toxicology Vol.82 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Although equal numbers of X and Y spermatozoa are produced during spermatogenesis, the sex chromosome ratio in ejaculated spermatozoa can be altered by exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which can be reflected by altered sex ratios at birth. Here, we hypothesized EDCs affect sperm functions and viability of X and Y chromosome-bearing human spermatozoa. After exposure to genistein (Gen), bisphenol A (BPA), 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), dibromochloropropane (DBCP), and diazinon (Diaz), we evaluated motility, viability, capacitation, and differential viability of X and Y spermatozoa. All EDCs tested altered sperm viability, motility, and capacitation. Interestingly, the Y/X ratio of live spermatozoa was significantly lower in sperm treated with TCDD, DBCP, and Diaz than control spermatozoa. Our results suggest that some of EDCs have larger effects on the viability of Y spermatozoa than X spermatozoa, implicating that a reduction in Y sperm viability may result in a female-biased sex ratio of offspring at birth.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> EDCs tested have a negative impact on human sperm functions. </LI> <LI> There are no significant differences in the viability of euploidy and aneuploidy spermatozoa following exposure to EDCs. </LI> <LI> TCDD, DBCP, and Diaz adversely affect the viability of Y spermatozoa more than X spermatozoa. </LI> <LI> A reduction in Y sperm viability may result in a female-biased sex ratio of offspring at birth. </LI> </UL> </P>

Sperm solute carrier family 9 regulator 1 is correlated with boar fertility

Kim, Ki-Uk,Pang, Won-Ki,Kang, Saehan,Ryu, Do-Yeal,Song, Won-Hee,Rahman, Md Saidur,Kwon, Woo-Sung,Pang, Myung-Geol Elsevier 2019 Theriogenology Vol.126 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Predicting male fertility is extremely important for artificial insemination and profitable farm management. Conventional semen assessment together with computer-assisted sperm analysis is widely used to predict male fertility under field conditions. However, the clinical validation and sensitivity of these methods remain unclear. Therefore, a new approach is needed to predict male fertility. Here, we investigated the use of a transcriptomic marker (solute carrier family 9, subfamily A, member 3, regulator 1; <I>SLC9A3R1</I>) together with sperm motility parameters and capacitation status to predict fertility/infertility in boars at the commercial level. Our data showed that among motility parameters and the capacitation status, hyperactivation (HYP) differed between high- and low-litter size boars. HYP showed a significant positive correlation (R = 0.468) with boar litter size. Simultaneously, the expression of <I>SLC9A3R1</I>, a gene important in sperm ion channel regulation, was significantly negatively correlated (R = −0.523) with boar litter size. Quality assessment revealed that both HYP and <I>SLC9A3R1</I> showed considerable sensitivity (71.43 <I>vs.</I> 100%), specificity (100 <I>vs.</I> 71.43%), and overall accuracy (90%) for predicting male fertility. Interestingly, the potential of <I>SLC9A3R1</I> expression to increase the average piglet number per breeding was higher (0.7 piglets) than that of HYP (0.5 piglets). Thus, measuring <I>SLC9A3R1</I> expression in spermatozoa may be a more accurate marker for evaluating male fertility/infertility than conventionally used motility parameters and capacitation status.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>SLC9A3R1</I> expression was negatively correlated with Yorkshire boar litter size. </LI> <LI> <I>SLC9A3R1</I> expression showed a remarkable increase of 1.5 (net increase in 0.7) piglets per insemination. </LI> <LI> <I>SLC9A3R1</I> expression in ejaculated spermatozoa may be a biomarker for predicting male fertility under field conditions. </LI> </UL> </P>

합성생물학 시대에 신학 담론의 위치

방연상(Pang, Samuel Y.),송기원(Song, Ki-Won),이삼열(Lee, Sam-Yeol) 한신대학교 신학사상연구소 2016 신학사상 Vol.0 No.174

본 논문은 합성생물학 시대에 신학함의 의미와 선교의 의미를 살펴보고자 한다. 먼저, 합성생물학이라는 새로운 학문, 신기술의 발달과 함께 제기된 사회적 정치적 논점들을 비롯하여 신학적 문제들을 우선적으로 검토한 뒤, 합성 생물학의 탄생 배경에는 환원적-기계론적 인간관, 영과 육의 이원론 등이 있었음을 밝힌다. 그리고 이러한 사상적 배경에서 탄생한 합성생물학이 어떻게 발생했는지 합성생물학의 역사를 간략하게 살펴본 뒤, 합성생물학이 현재 연구하고 있는 분야와 어디까지 발전했는지에 대해서 간략하게 정리한 뒤 예상되는 문제점을 정리하고, 문제점들에 대한 학계의 대응, 정책입안자들의 대 응 등을 다룬다. 이와 함께 우리가 이러한 새로운 생명과학기술을 이해할 수 있는 신학적 도구로서 이전의 생명신학 관련 담론들을 고찰한 뒤, 필립헤프너의 ‘공동창조자’개념 및 아감벤의 Zoe와 Bios와 같은 생명에 대한 개념들을 고찰한다. 마지막으로는 이러한 고찰을 통해서 우리의 신학 함이 합성생물학의 여러 가지 부작용을 막을 수 있는 하나의 대안으로 기능할 수 있으며, 과학기술과 대화는 또 다른 선교의 모델이 될 수 있음을 밝히고자 한다. This article is to articulate the significance of theology engaging with the science, in particular relation with the rise of synthetic biology. First, this deals with what synthetic biology is and the social, political, theological issues caused by the development of new science and technologies. And, it also points out the fact that there is reductivemechanistic view of human nature and dualism of spirit and flesh in the background behind the emergence of synthetic biology. And, it deals with a history of development of synthetic biology and how it has emerged and researched as one of the significant field of science. As we take this science and technological development seriously, the theological dialogue with the science has become the most important issue, expecially in relation with the life and its politics. Therefore, it projects the potential problems of synthetic biology and attempts a critical dialogue with the science articulating in the public theological discourse and space. In other to engage a meaningful dialogue, it proposes the notion of 'Created Co-Creator' suggested by Philip Hefner, and idea of “Zoe and Bios” by Giorgio Agamben is introduced to begin a new of theological discourse. It suggest that only through the meaningful engagement of theology in a flesh way, can prevent the potential problem of synthetic biology that may have a lasting effect on human life. Therefore, in the time of rapid science-technological development, it is imperative to consider the science/technology as a significant part of theological discourse, and to find the way in which the dialogue between science/technology and theology can be pro-actional strategy to the talk of “life.”

Porcine seminal protein-I and II in boar spermatozoa are candidate biomarkers for prediction of litter size

Saehan Kang,Won-Ki Pang,Do-Yeal Ryu,Won-Hee Song,Md Saidur Rahman,Myung-Geol Pang 한국수정란이식학회 2018 한국수정란이식학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.11

The ability of conventional semen analysis to predict male fertility is questionable. Since the prediction of male fertility is extremely of importance for the artificial insemination and profitable farm managements in animals, the development of highly sensitive biomarker of male fertility is a prime concern. Porcine Seminal Protein I (PSP-I) and Porcine Seminal Protein II (PSP-II) have been known that they are related with motility, and viability of spermatozoa. Thus, we investigated PSP-I and PSP-II level in boar spermatozoa to predict boar’s fertility. The expressions of PSP-I and PSP-II in spermatozoa from 21 individual boars with different fertility and litter size (litter size ranges from 10.3 – 14.2) were examined using qRT-PCR. Litter size was determined in 530 saws after artificial insemination (AI). In addition, sperm motility, motion kinematics, and capacitation status were measured using computer-assisted sperm analysis and Hoechst 33258/chlortetracycline fluorescence staining, respectively. PSP-I and PSP-II showed significantly negative correlation with litter size (r=0.578; P=0.006 and r=0.456; P=0.038, respectively). Furthermore, receiver-operating curves (ROC) was used to determine the accuracy for the prediction of boar fertility. Therefore we divided into 2 groups based on the median value of litter size. When selecting higher litter size group, PSP-I can predict litter size with overall accuracy 90.48% (sensitivity 88.89, specificity 91.67, negative predictive value 91.67, and positive predictive value 88.89) and PSP-II can predict with overall accuracy 81.82% (sensitivity 55.56, specificity 100.00, negative predictive value 76.47, and positive predictive value 100.00). Interestingly, PSP-I and PSP-II were found to increase 0.76 pups than average litter size (average 12.48) in tested boars. To best of our knowledge, this study is the first trial to investigate the correlation between PSP-I, PSP-II, and litter size. Therefore, we suggest that PSP-I and PSP-II could be considered as promising biomarkers for predicting male fertility and litter size outcome in field condition.

지하 전산센터의 시설보호를 위한 방폭밸브에 미치는 폭압 평가

방승기(Seung-Ki Pang),신진원(Jin-Won Shin),김외득(Wae-deuk Kim) 한국지열·수열에너지학회 2018 한국지열에너지학회논문집 Vol.14 No.3

This paper presents two-step simulations to calculate the influence of blast-induced pressures on explosion-protection valves installed at the boundary between a protection facility and a tunnel entering the facility. The first step is to calculate the respective overpressure on the entrance and exit of the tunnel when an explosion occurs near the tunnel entrance and exit to approach the protection facility. Secondly, the blast pressures on the explosion-protection valves mounted to walls located near the tunnel inside approaching the protection facility are analyzed with a 0.1 ms time variation using the results obtained from the first-step calculations. The following conclusions could be derived as a results: (1) The analysis of the entrance tunnel scenario, P1, leads to the maximum overpressure of 47 kPa, approximately a half of the ambient pressure, at the inner entrance due to the effect of blast barrier. For the scenario, P2, the case not blocked by the barrier, the maximum overpressure is 628 kPa, which is relatively high, namely, 5.2 times the ambient pressure. (2) It is observed that the pressure for the entrance tunnel is effectively mitigated because the initial blast pressures are partially offset from each other according to the geometry of the entrance and a portion of the pressures is discharged to the outside.

수치해석을 이용한 바닥공조 시스템의 공기환경 평가

방승기(Seung-Ki Pang),안혜린(Hye-Rin Ahn),이원근(Won-Keun Lee),문기선(Ki-Sun Moon),김종률(Jongryul Kim),이광호(Kwang-ho Lee) 한국지열·수열에너지학회 2016 한국지열에너지학회논문집 Vol.12 No.4

In order to improve air quality of indoor environment, studies of the underfloor air distribution (UFAD) system for application in buildings are actively in progress based on temperature and air flow distribution. However, although the age of air is the major evaluation parameter, there has been very little study on this parameter for the UFAD system. In this study, we investigated the age of air to reach the air diffuser, which is installed at the bottom of the interior by the UFAD system. Computational fluid dynamics simulations showed no regular pattern to the maximum value of the age of air in accordance with air flow rate and the velocity at air diffuser. These factors can be deduced from air movement by considering that air emitted from air conditioners was rotated according to the bottom shape of the floor, and then, the age of air in the rotation center was increased. The average age of air of internal interior was reduced considerably as the flow velocity at the underfloor air diffuser was increased from 0.5 m/s to 1.0 m/s However, the age of air was not substantially affected with change in the air volume. Moreover, when the flow velocity at the underfloor air diffuser was higher than 1.0 m/s, the age of air showed no significant difference with change in air volume or height of measurement. These results imply that indoor air quality is more substantially influenced by flow velocity than air volume, and the appropriate flow velocity is 1 m/s or more.