Associations Between TLR9 Polymorphisms and Cancer Risk: Evidence from an Updated Meta-analysis of 25,685 Subjects

Wan, Guo-Xing,Cao, Yu-Wen,Li, Wen-Qin,Li, Yu-Cong,Zhang, Wen-Jie,Li, Feng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.19

A meta-analysis incorporating 34 case-control studies from 19 articles involving 12,197 cases and 13,488 controls was conducted to assess the effects of three genetic variants of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9): rs187084, rs352140, and rs5743836. Studies on associations between TLR9 polymorphisms and cancer risk were systematically searched in electronic databases. The reported odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled to assess the strength of any associations. The results showed that the rs187084 polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased risk of cancer (CC vs TC+TT: OR=1.14, 95% CI=1.02-1.28), specifically cervical cancer (C vs T: OR=1.19, 95% CI=1.05-1.34; TC vs TT: OR=1.32, 95% CI=1.10-1.58; CC vs TT: OR=1.31, 95% CI=1.03-1.68; CC+TC vs TT: OR=1.32, 95% CI=1.11-1.56), and that this association was significantly positive in Caucasians (CC vs. TC+TT: OR=1.18, 95% CI=1.01-1.38). The rs352140 polymorphism had a protective effect on breast cancer (GA vs GG: OR=0.77, 95% CI=0.66-0.89), whereas the rs5743836 polymorphism was likely protective for digestive system cancers (CC+TC vs TT: OR=0.81, 95% CI=0.66-0.98). In conclusion, our results suggest that the rs187084 polymorphism may be associated with an elevated cancer risk, whereas polymorphisms of rs352140 and rs5743836 may play protective roles in the development of breast and digestive system cancers, respectively. From the results of this meta-analysis further large-scale case-control studies are warranted to verify associations between TLR9 polymorphisms and cancer.

Red Bean Extract Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in RAW 264.7 Macrophages

Wen-Wan Chao,Yun-Chin Chung,I-Ping Shih,Hsun-Yen Wang,Su-Tze Chou,Cheng-Kuang Hsu 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.7

Red bean (Phaseolus radiatus L. var. Aurea) is a leguminous seed and mainly used as one of the popular ingredients in oriental desserts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of 50 g/kg ethanolic extract of red bean (RBE) by measuring lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expressions of nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. On the other hand, the antioxidant activity of RBE was determined by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances method and comet assay using H2O2-induced macrophages. The results showed that RBE at the concentrations of 50–200 μg/mL can significantly suppress the inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated macrophages through the reduction of cellular NO and downregulation of the gene expressions of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, RBE can diminish H2O2-induced oxidative damage in RAW 264.7 macrophage. Phenolic compounds and cyanidin-3-Oglucoside from BRE may have efficacy as overall in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents. Red bean exerts an antiinflammatory response and has potential as a health-promoting ingredient.

Successful ankle replantation in two cases with different presentations

Wen, Adzim Poh Yuen,Jusoh, Mohd Hanifah,Saad, Arman Zaharil Mat,Halim, Ahmad Sukari,Faisham, Nu'man Wan Ismail Wan,Azman, Wan Sulaiman Wan Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2020 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.47 No.2

We report our experience of treating two patients with ankle amputation with different presentations. The first case was a clean-cut sharp amputation. The second case was an avulsion injury following a motor vehicle accident in a patient who arrived 8 hours after the injury. Replantation was successful in both cases. In avulsion injuries, a secondary operation for wound coverage is required at a later stage. With good strategy and a support team, encouraging limb survival outcomes are possible post-replantation.

Identification of a Novel Human Lysophosphatidic Acid Acyltransferase, LPAAT-theta, Which Activates mTOR Pathway

( Wen Wen Tang ),( Jian Yuan ),( Xin Ya Chen ),( Xiu Ting Gu ),( Kun Tian Luo ),( Jie Li ),( Bo Wan ),( Ying Li Wang ),( Long Yu ) 생화학분자생물학회 2006 BMB Reports Vol.39 No.5

Maximum Likelihood and Signal-Selective TDOA Estimation for Noncircular Signals

Fei Wen and Qun Wan,Qun Wan 한국통신학회 2013 Journal of communications and networks Vol.15 No.3

This paper addresses the issue of time-difference-ofarrival (TDOA) estimation for complex noncircular signals. First,under the wide-sense stationary assumption, we derive the maximum likelihood (ML) estimator and the Cramer-Rao lower bound for Gaussian noncircular signals in Gaussian circular noise. The ML estimator uses the second-order statistics information of a noncircular signal more comprehensively when compared with the cross-correlation (CC) and the conjugate CC estimators. Further,we present a scheme to modify the traditional signal-selective TDOA methods for noncircular signals on the basis of the cyclostationarity of man-made signals. This scheme simultaneously exploits the information contained in both the cyclic cross-correlation (CCC) and the conjugate CCC of a noncircular signal.

2-ORDER TURBULENCE CLOSURE PLANKTON ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS MODEL AND ITS APPLICATION

Zhen Wen Wan,Ye Li Yuan,Fang Li Qiao 한국해안해양공학회 1999 학술강연회 발표논문초록집 Vol.1 No.1

The basic concepts of continuous neurogen dynamics, particle and continuous mass, were cited to describe plankton ecosystems, so a continuous neurogen dynamics model of plankton ecosystem was developed by logically reasoning with less ecological experiential relation. For precise parameterization of diffusion acted on plankton by hydrodynamics, the scheme of 2-order turbulence closure of geophysical fluid dynamics was generalized to enclose the equations of plankton ecosystem dynamics model. This model was applied to simulate a natural ecological process in Jiaozhou Bay. Comparison between simulation and data showed the exciting prognosis ability of this model.

A Systematic Review of MRI, Scintigraphy, FDG-PET and PET/CT for Diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma Related Bone Disease - Which is Best?

Weng, Wan-Wen,Dong, Meng-Jie,Zhang, Jun,Yang, Jun,Xu, Qin,Zhu, Yang-Jun,Liu, Ning-Hu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.22

Aim: The purpose of the current study was to conduct a systematic review of the published literature to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET, PTE/CT, MRI and scintigraphy for multiple myeloma related bone disease. Methods: Through a search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of each study. We estimated pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR), and two sample Z-tests were conducted to evaluate for differences in sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC), and the $Q^*$ index between any two diagnostic modalities. Results: A total of 17 studies were reviewed. The MRI had a pooled sensitivity of 0.88, specificity of 0.68, AUC of 0.897, and $Q^*$ index of 0.828, whereas for MIBI, the corresponding values were 0.98, 0.90, 0.991, and 0.962, respectively, and for bone scan, they were 066, 0.83, 0.805, and 0.740, respectively. The corresponding values of MIBI were 0.98, 0.90, 0.991, and 0.962, respectively. For PET and PET/CT, the values were 0.91, 0.69, 0.927 and 0.861, respectively. Statistically significant differences were not found in the sensitivity, specificity, AUC, and $Q^*$ index between MRI, scintigraphy, FDG-PET and PET/CT. Conclusions: On the condition that X ray is taken as a reference in our study, we suggested that FDG-PET, PTE/CT, MRI and scintigraphy are all associated with high detection rate of bone disease in patients with MM. Thus, in clinical practice, it is recommended that we could choose these tests according to the condition of the patient.

The Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Val158Met Polymorphism Contributes to the Risk of Breast Cancer in the Chinese Population: An Updated Meta- Analysis

Guo-Xing Wan,Yu-Wen Cao,Wen-Qin Li,Yu-Cong Li,Feng Li 한국유방암학회 2014 Journal of breast cancer Vol.17 No.2

Purpose: Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) enzyme plays acentral role in estrogen-induced carcinogenesis. Emerging evidencefrom association studies has revealed that the functionalVal158Met polymorphism (rs4680 G>A) of the Catechol-Omethyltransferasegene (COMT) has been implicated in susceptibilityto breast cancer in the Chinese population, while resultsof individual published studies remain inconclusive and inconsistent. To assess this association in the Chinese population, a meta-analysis was performed. Methods: Eligible studies weresearched on MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, China NationalKnowledge Infrastructure, and the Chinese BiomedicineDatabase. Odds ratios (ORs) with their corresponding 95% confidenceintervals (CIs) were pooled to assess the association betweenCOMT polymorphisms and the risk of breast cancer usingRevMan 5.2 and Stata 12.0 software. Results: The meta-analysisincluded 14 eligible studies, with a total of 4,626 breast cancercases and 5,637 controls. Overall, the COMT Val158Met polymorphism(rs4680 G>A) was significantly associated with an increasedrisk of breast cancer in several genetic models (A/A vs. G/G: OR, 1.59, 95% CI, 1.12–2.27; A/A vs. G/A+G/G: OR, 1.62,95% CI, 1.14–2.29; A vs. G: OR, 1.15, 95% CI, 1.00–1.32), and asubgroup analysis according to menopausal status showed thatthis association was especially evident among premenopausalChinese women (A/A vs. G/G: OR, 1.87, 95% CI, 0.99–3.54; A/Avs. G/A+G/G: OR, 1.94, 95% CI, 1.03–3.63). Conclusion: The resultsof this meta-analysis indicated that COMT Val158Met variantscontribute to breast cancer susceptibility in the Chinesepopulation, particularly among premenopausal women.

BRCA1 Gene Exon 11 Mutations in Uighur and Han Women with Early-onset Sporadic Breast Cancer in the Northwest Region of China

Cao, Yu-Wen,Fu, Xin-Ge,Wan, Guo-Xing,Yu, Shi-Ying,Cui, Xiao-Bin,Li, Li,Jiang, Jin-Fang,Zheng, Yu-Qin,Zhang, Wen-Jie,Li, Feng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.11

The prevalence of BRCA1 gene mutations in breast cancer differs between diverse ethnic groups. Relatively little information is known about patterns of BRCA1 mutations in early-onset breast cancer in women of Uighur or Han descent, the major ethnic populations of the Xinjiang region in China. The aim of this study was to identify BRCA1 mutations in Uighur and Han patients with early-onset (age <35 years), and sporadic breast cancer for genetic predisposition to breast cancer. For detection of BRCA1 mutations, we used a polymerase chain reaction single-stranded conformation polymorphism approach, followed by direct DNA sequencing in 22 Uighur and 13 Han women with early-onset sporadic breast cancer, and 32 women with benign breast diseases. The prevalence of BRCA1 mutations in this population was 22.9% (8/35) among early-onset sporadic breast cancer cases. Of these, 31.8% (7/22) of Uighur patients and 7.69% (1/13) of Han patients were found to have BRCA1 mutations. In 7 Uighur patients with BRCA1 mutations, there were 11 unique sequence alterations in the BRCA1 gene, including 4 clearly disease-associated mutations on exon 11 and 3 variants of uncertain clinical significance on exon 11, meanwhile 4 neutral variants on intron 20 or 2. None of the 11 BRCA1 mutations identified have been previously reported in the Breast Cancer Information Core database. These findings reflect the prevalence of BRCA1 mutations in Uighur women with early-onset and sporadic breast cancer, which will allow for provision of appropriate genetic counseling and treatment for Uighur patients in the Xinjiang region.

Urban Eco-GreenergyTM Hybrid Wind-Solar Photovoltaic Energy System and Its Applications

Wen Tong Chong,Wan Khairul Muzammil,Ahmad Fazlizan,Mohamad Reza Hassan,Hamid Taheri,Mohammed Gwani,Hiren Kothari,Sin Chew Poh 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

This paper introduces the Eco-GreenergyTM hybrid wind-solar photovoltaic energy generation system and its applications. The system is an integration of the novel omni-direction-guide-vane (ODGV) with a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT). The ODGV is designed to surround the VAWT for wind power augmentation by creating a venturi effect to increase the on-coming wind speed before it interacts with the turbine blades. In wind tunnel tests, the ODGV improves the power output of the VAWT by 3.48 times compared with a bare VAWT at its peak torque. Furthermore, the rotor rotational speed of the wind turbine increased by 182% at 6 m/s of wind speed. A solar PV panel can be mounted on the top surface of the ODGV for solar energy generation. Estimation on wind-solar energy output shows that the system can generate a total of 572.8 kWh of energy per year. By comparison, the ODGV increases the annual wind energy output by 438%. The green energy generated from the hybrid system can be used to power LED lights or other appliances (e.g., CCTV camera).