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Ka Shing Cheung,Lok Ka Lam,Rex Wan Hin Hui,Xianhua Mao,Ruiqi R Zhang,Kwok Hung Chan,Ivan FN Hung,Wai Kay Seto,Man-Fung Yuen 대한간학회 2022 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.28 No.3
Background/Aims: Studies of hepatic steatosis (HS) effect on COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity are lacking. We aimed to compare immunogenicity of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac among moderate/severe HS and control subjects. Methods: Two hundred ninety-five subjects who received BNT162b2 or CoronaVac vaccines from five vaccination centers were categorized into moderate/severe HS (controlled attenuation parameter ≥268 dB/m on transient elastography) (n=74) or control (n=221) groups. Primary outcomes were seroconversion rates of neutralising antibody by live virus Microneutralization (vMN) assay (titer ≥10) at day21 (BNT162b2) or day28 (CoronaVac) and day56 (both). Secondary outcome was highest-tier titer response (top 25% of vMN titer; cutoff: 160 [BNT162b2] and 20 [CoronaVac]) at day 56. Results: For BNT162b2 (n=228, 77.3%), there was no statistical differences in seroconversion rates (day21: 71.7% vs. 76.6%; day56: 100% vs. 100%) or vMN geometric mean titer (GMT) (day21: 13.2 vs. 13.3; day56: 91.9 vs. 101.4) among moderate/severe HS and control groups respectively. However, lower proportion of moderate/severe HS patients had highest-tier response (day56: 5.0% vs. 15.5%; P=0.037). For CoronaVac (n=67, 22.7%), there was no statistical differences in seroconversion rates (day21: 7.1% vs. 15.1%; day56: 64.3% vs. 83.0%) or vMN GMT (5.3 vs. 5.8,) at day28. However, moderate/severe HS patients had lower vMN GMT (9.1 vs. 14.8, P=0.021) at day 56 with lower proportion having highesttier response (21.4% vs. 52.8%, P=0.036). Conclusions: While there was no difference in seroconversion rate between moderate/severe HS and control groups after two doses of vaccine, a lower proportion of moderate/severe HS patients achieved highest-tier response for either BNT162b2 or CoronaVac.
Hai-Tao Yu,Yiu Kwong Wong,Wai Lok Chan,Kai Ming Tsang,Jiang Wang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2011 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.9 No.5
In this paper, the dynamics of single and two electrically coupled map-based neurons under external electrical stimulation is studied. In order to realize the synchronization of two chaotic spiking neurons, a controller based on the idea of feedback linearization is proposed. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of this developed control method. An important feature of the feedback control is that the amplitude of control signal tends to zero as soon as the synchronization is achieved.
Active Power Filter Using Nonlinear Repetitive Controller
Xin Tang,Kai Ming Tsang,Wai Lok Chan 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2011 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.9 No.1
Active power filters as solutions to power quality problems have become more and more important nowadays. A nonlinear repetitive controller for current control of active power filters is proposed. The proposed method is composed of a repetitive controller and a deadband relay. Whenever the input error is above the threshold, the current control loop is driven dominantly by the deadband relay to obtain fast dynamic response. After the input error is below the threshold, the deadband relay automatically turns off and the repetitive control alone governs the current control to eliminate the steady-state error. Discussions on the design of the current and voltage control loops are also given. Simulation and experimental results verified the feasibility of the proposed method.
Laptin Ho,Joe Hin Cheung Tsang,Emmanuel Cheung,Wing Yan Chan,Ka Wai Lee,Sweetie R Lui,Chung Yau Lee,Alfred Lok Hang Lee,Philip Koon Ngai Lam 대한중환자의학회 2022 Acute and Critical Care Vol.37 No.3
Background: Early intensive care unit (ICU) protocolized rehabilitative programs have been described previously, yet with differing starting time points and mostly on mechanically ventilated patients. We extended the concept to all admitted ICU patients and investigate the efficacy of early mobilization in improving mobility of the critically ill, address issues surrounding the timing and intensity of an early rehabilitative program.Methods: Prospective cohorts of patients admitted consecutively before-and-after (control, n=92; intervention, n=90) the introduction of an early mobilization program in a single center, general hospital ICU. Improvement in mobility as assessed by ICU mobility score, on ICU admission and upon ICU discharge, was measured as a primary outcome.Results: Those receiving early mobilization in the intensive care unit had higher ICU mobility score (2.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.65–4.61; P<0.001) upon discharge from the intensive care, with earlier out of bed mobilization on day 5 compared to the control group of day 21 (P<0.001). No differences were found in terms of mortality, intensive care hospitalization and subsequent hospitalization duration after discharge from ICU.Conclusions: Here, we report that improvement in mobility score earlier in the course of intensive care hospitalization with the introduction of a protocolized early rehabilitative program.