Natural bioceramics: our experience with changing perspectives in the reconstruction of maxillofacial skeleton

Vivekanand Sabanna Kattimani,Krishna Prasad Lingamaneni Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences,Guntur 대한구강악안면외과학회 2019 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.45 No.1

Objectives: Various bone graft substitute materials are used to enhance bone regeneration in the maxillofacial skeleton. In the recent past, synthetic graft materials have been produced using various synthetic and natural calcium precursors. Very recently, eggshell-derived hydroxyapatite (EHA) has been evaluated as a synthetic bone graft substitute. To assess bone regeneration using EHA in cystic and/or apicectomy defects of the jaws through clinical and radiographic evaluations. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 patients were enrolled in the study protocol (CTRI/2014/12/005340) and were followed up at 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks to assess the amount of osseous fill through digital radiographs/cone-beam computed tomography along with clinical parameters and complications. Wilcoxon matched pairs test, means, percentages and standard deviations were used for the statistical analysis. Results: The sizes of the lesions in the study ranged from 1 to 4 cm and involved one to four teeth. The study showed significant changes in the formation of bone, the merging of material and the surgical site margins from the first week to the first month in all patients (age range, 15-50 years) irrespective of the size of the lesions and the number of teeth involved. Bone formation was statistically significant from the fourth to the eighth week, and the trabecular pattern was observed by the end of 12 weeks with uneventful wound healing. Conclusion: EHA showed enhancement of bone regeneration, and healing was complete by the end of 12 weeks with a trabecular pattern in all patients irrespective of the size of the lesion involved. The study showed enhancement of bone regeneration in the early bone formative stage within 12 weeks after grafting. EHA is cost effective and production is environment friendly with no disease transfer risks. Thus, natural bioceramics will play an important role in the reduction of costs involved in grafting and reconstruction.

Wearable anger-monitoring system

Vivekanand Jha,Nupur Prakash,Sweta Sagar 한국통신학회 2018 ICT Express Vol.4 No.4

Nowadays, emotion detection based on the physiological changes of the body is a major concern. Anger is one of the most destructive emotional states and needs continuous monitoring for a healthy lifestyle. In this study, we developed and implemented a wearable anger-monitoring system, which analyses various physiological changes during the state of anger in humans and notifies the monitoring unit using a global system for mobile communication. This is unique as it detects the human mood swing and realizes it on hardware. The developed low-cost noninvasive wrist band can be used all-day and anywhere for detecting anger.

Socket preservation using eggshell-derived nanohydroxyapatite with platelet-rich fibrin as a barrier membrane: a new technique

Vivekanand Sabanna Kattimani,Krishna Prasad Lingamaneni,Girija Easwaradas Kreedapathi,Kiran Kumar Kattappagari 대한구강악안면외과학회 2019 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.45 No.6

Objectives: Socket grafting is vital to prevent bone resorption after tooth extraction. Several techniques to prevent resorption have been described, and various bone graft substitutes have been developed and used with varying success. We conducted this pilot study to evaluate the performance of nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) derived from chicken eggshells in socket preservation. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, single center, outcome assessor-blinded evaluation of 23 sockets (11 patients) grafted with nHA and covered with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane as a barrier. Bone width and radiographic bone density were measured using digital radiographs at 1, 12, and 24 weeks post-procedure. Postoperative histomorphometric and micro-computed tomography (CT) evaluation were performed. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Results: All patients had uneventful wound healing without graft material displacement or leaching despite partial exposure of the grafted socket. Tissue re-epithelialized with thick gingival biotype (>3 mm). Width of the bone was maintained and radiographic density increased significantly with a trabecular pattern (73.91% of sockets) within 12 weeks. Histomorphometric analysis showed 56.52% Grade 3 bone formation and micro-CT analysis revealed newly formed bone with interconnecting trabeculae. Conclusion: Use of a PRF membrane with nHA resulted in good bone regeneration in sockets. Use of a PRF membrane prevents periosteal-releasing incisions for primary closure, thereby facilitating the preservation of keratinized mucosa and gingival architecture. This technique, which uses eggshell-derived nHA and PRF membrane from the patient’s own blood, is innovative and is free of disease transfer risks. nHA is a promising economic bone graft substitute for bone regeneration and reconstruction because of the abundant availability of eggshell waste as a raw material.

Whole-Body Vibration Exposure vis-à-vis Musculoskeletal Health Risk of Dumper Operators Compared to a Control Group in Coal Mines

Kumar, Vivekanand,Palei, Sanjay K.,Karmakar, Netai C.,Chaudhary, Dhanjee K. Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2022 Safety and health at work Vol.13 No.1

Background: Whole-body vibration (WBV) exposure of coal mine dumper operators poses numerous health hazards. The case-control study was aimed at assessing the relative musculoskeletal health risk of dumper operators' exposure to WBV with reference to the nonexposed group. Methods: Measurements of WBV exposure were taken at the operator-seat interface using a human vibration analyzer for 110 dumper operators in three coal mines. This vibration measurement was supplemented by a questionnaire survey of 110 dumper operators exposed to WBV and an equal number of workers not exposed to WBV. The relative risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) has been assessed through the case-control study design. Results: ISO guidelines were used to compare the health risk. It was observed that the prevalence of pain in the lower back was 2.52 times more in the case group compared to the control group. The case group of Mine-2 was 2.0 times more prone to vibration hazards as compared to Mine-3. Conclusion: The case group is more vulnerable to MSDs than the control group. The on-site measurement as well as the response of the dumper operators during the questionnaire survey corroborates this finding.

Effect of Neem (Azadirachta indica) oil on the progressive growth of a spontaneous T cell lymphoma

Mallick, Sanjaya Kumar,Gupta, Vivekanand,Singh, Mahendra Pal,Vishvakarma, Naveen Kumar,Singh, Nisha,Singh, Sukh Mahendra Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2008 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.7 No.5

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of in vivo administration of neem oil intra-peritoneally (i.p.) to mice bearing a progressively growing transplantable T cell lymphoma of spontaneous origin, designated as Daltons lymphoma (DL), on the tumor growth. Mice were administered various doses of neem oil mixed in groundnut oil, which was used as a diluting vehicle or for administration to control DL-bearing mice. Administration of neem oil resulted in an acceleration of tumor growth along with a reduction in the survival time of the tumor-bearing host. Neem oil administered DL-bearing mice showed an augmented apoptosis in splenocytes, bone marrow cells and thymocytes along with an inhibition in the anti-tumor functions of tumor-associated macrophages. Thus this study gives an altogether a novel information that neem oil instead of the popular belief of being anti-tumor and immunoaugmentary may in some tumor-bearing conditions, behave in an opposite way leading to an accelarated tumor progression along with a collapse of the host's anti-tumor machinery. These observations will thus have long lasting clinical significance, suggesting caution in use of neem oil for treatment of cancer.

Global Kidney Health Atlas: a spotlight on the Asia-Pacific sector

Bharati Joyita,Jha Vivekanand 대한신장학회 2022 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.41 No.1

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a unique public health problem in terms of high expenses required for its management and its increasing worldwide incidence. Understanding the existing structure of CKD treatment and its epidemiology is pivotal for equitable kidney care globally. The Global Kidney Health Atlas (GKHA) was launched by the International Society of Nephrology (ISN) in 2017 as a part of its “Bridging the Gaps” strategy with a vision to understand the global kidney care capacity. Two rounds of GKHA surveys were conducted and published in 2017 and 2019, respectively. The GKHA surveys showed significant variability in kidney care among global regions. Asia is the largest of all continents and distinct for its heterogeneity. The Asia-Pacific sector comprises four main regional constructs of the ISN; North and East Asia, Oceania and South East Asia, South Asia, and the Middle East. Kidney care capacity varies among these regions in terms of government spending, epidemiology of kidney diseases, and workforce availability. In this narrative review, we highlight the differences in kidney care delivery among the regions of the Asia-Pacific sector based on information from GKHA and emphasize the priority areas on which stakeholders should concentrate their efforts.

Awake supraglottic airway guided intubation: for the patient, by the patient

Sahay Nishant,Kumer Rajnish,Naaz Shagufta,Vivekanand 대한마취통증의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.73 No.3

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Sintering and Oxidation of GdB₄ Synthesized by B₄C Reduction Method

Sonber, Jitendra Kumar,Murthy, Tammana Shri Ram Chandra,Sairam, Kannan,Kain, Vivekanand The Korean Ceramic Society 2017 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.54 No.2

Gadolinium tetraboride ($GdB_4$) was synthesized by reduction of $Gd_2O_3$ using boron carbide in presence of carbon. Effect of temperature on product quality was investigated. Pure $GdB_4$ powder was obtained in vacuum at $1500^{\circ}C$. Pressureless sintering experiments revealed that sintering takes place only above $1600^{\circ}C$. A maximum density of 77.1% of the theoretical value was obtained at $1800^{\circ}C$ by pressureless sintering. Hot pressing resulted in 95.5% of theoretical density at the lower temperature of $1700^{\circ}C$ under 35 MPa pressure. Hardness and fracture toughness of dense $GdB_4$ were measured and found to be 21.4 GPa and $2.3MPa{\cdot}m^{1/2}$, respectively. After exposure to air at $900^{\circ}C$, the formation of a porous and non-protective oxide layer was observed.