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Thermally excited capillary waves at vapor/liquid interfaces of water–alcohol mixtures
Vaknin, David,Bu, Wei,Sung, Jaeho,Jeon, Yoonnam,Kim, Doseok IOP Pub 2009 Journal of physics, an Institute of Physics journa Vol.21 No.11
<P>The density profiles of liquid/vapor interfaces of water–alcohol (methanol, ethanol and propanol) mixtures were studied by surface-sensitive synchrotron x-ray scattering techniques. X-ray reflectivity and diffuse scattering measurements, from the pure and mixed liquids, were analyzed in the framework of capillary wave theory to address the characteristic length scales of the intrinsic roughness and the shortest capillary wavelength (alternatively, the upper wavevector cutoff in capillary wave theory). Our results establish that the intrinsic roughness is dominated by average interatomic distances. The extracted effective upper wavevector cutoff indicates capillary wave theory breaks down at distances of the order of bulk correlation lengths. </P>
Density Profiles of Liquid/Vapor Interfaces Away from Their Critical Points
Bu, Wei,Kim, Doseok,Vaknin, David American Chemical Society 2014 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C - Vol.118 No.23
<P>We examine the applicability of various model profiles for the liquid/vapor interface by X-ray reflectivities on water and ethanol and their mixtures at room temperature. Analysis of the X-ray reflecivities using various density profiles shows an error-function like profile is the most adequate within experimental error. Our findings, together with recent observations from simulation studies on liquid surfaces, strongly suggest that the capillary-wave dynamics shapes the interfacial density profile in terms of the error function.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2014/jpccck.2014.118.issue-23/jp504374z/production/images/medium/jp-2014-04374z_0006.gif'></P>
Dafna Gershnabel Milk,Hananya Vaknine,Udi Cinamon 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2018 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.18 No.2
Concomitant appearing of varied histological types of primary, well differentiated thyroid carcinoma simultaneously in the same patient is a rare condition. Furthermore, Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid adenoma were both described as associated with thyroid cancer. Hereby, a case report of a patient with various, synchronous, thyroid disorders. A 53-year-old female presented with both papillary and follicular carcinoma of the thyroid, HT and primary hyperparathyroidism, all these pathologies occurring synchronically. Although, what may be anecdotal, propose an intriguing theoretical possible interplay. In addition, a short relevant auxiliary review and discussion is presented.
Udi Cinamon,Yoav Horev,Hananya Vaknine 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2020 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.20 No.1
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is accepted as the transformation of a pre-existing glandular papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Anaplastic transformation of a neck PTC metastasis in a lymph node is extraordinary. We present a patient with an exceptional timeline of an untreated neck PTC recurrence in a lymph node and its rare anaplastic transformation. A 68-year-old patient with PTC and neck metastasis, (stage III/II 7th/8th American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC], respectively) underwent thyroidectomy and neck dissection in July 2010, followed with radioiodine treatment (150 mCi) (August 2010). He received an additional 150 mCi in June 2012, because an iodine scan suggested right neck recurrence. In October 2013, an ultrasound revealed a 2.3 cm, suspicious right neck lymph node (level II–III). Yet only in 2017, after growing to 2.7 cm, the patient consented for a fine needle aspiration. PTC was verified, yet intervention was declined. In June 2018, he presented with a rapid growing neck mass occupying right levels II, III, carotid artery encasement and jugular vein involvement. A large bore needle biopsy revealed a highly malignant tumor, surrounded by necrosis, positive for cytokeratin (CK MNF 116), thyroid lineage marker (PAX8), negative for TTF-1 and thyroglobulin, i.e., ATC. The patient deceased in November 2018. This unique natural history of an untreated patient with PTC neck recurrence in a lymph node demonstrated a rare, yet a possible long-term consequence of anaplastic transformation. This case study, in addition to the sparsity of reported information, may advocate treating PTC neck recurrence.
Sung, Woongmo,Wang, Wenjie,Lee, Jonggwan,Vaknin, David,Kim, Doseok American Chemical Society 2015 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.119 No.13
<P>We report on halide ion (Cl<SUP>–</SUP>, Br<SUP>–</SUP>, I<SUP>–</SUP>) adsorption from the subphase water to a cationic Langmuir monolayer consisting of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DPTAP) molecules at the air/water interface. Reductions in the water OH signal of sum-frequency spectra and the surface pressure of the π–<I>A</I> isotherm follow the order of the anion size, indicating preferable adsorption of the larger anions to better screen the surface charge of the DPTAP monolayer. Complementary X-ray fluorescence measurements of DPTAP on Cl<SUP>–</SUP> and I<SUP>–</SUP> reveal that the integrated number of adsorbed ions within the probing depth (6–8 nm) is the same for both ions. Incorporating the above outcomes leads to the contrasting adsorption structures that the larger halide anions (I<SUP>–</SUP>) are directly adsorbed to the headgroup strata, while the Cl<SUP>–</SUP> ions form a more diffusive distribution contiguous to the monolayer. Our study shows that the length scale over which ions neutralize a charged interface varies significantly and specifically even for monovalent ions.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2015/jpccck.2015.119.issue-13/jp512233g/production/images/medium/jp-2014-12233g_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jp512233g'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Direct Imaging of a Collapsed Langmuir Monolayer and Multilayer Formation
김도석,석상준,김태중,김영동,David Vaknin 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.3
Imaging ellipsometry was used to investigate the collapsed region of arachidic-acid monomolecular layers spread on the surfaces of pure water and a CaCl2 solution. We could observe the domain image of a collapsed region caused by over-compressing the Langmuir monolayers beyond the minimal closely-packed molecular area. The thicknesses of the layers obtained from the analysis were approximately integer multiples of the molecular lengths, accounting for the small tilt from the surface normal direction. The thickness of the collapsed region is proposed to depend sensitively on the existence of salt in the water subphase.
Origin of the Instability of Octadecylamine Langmuir Monolayer at Low pH
Avazbaeva, Zaure,Sung, Woongmo,Lee, Jonggwan,Phan, Minh Dinh,Shin, Kwanwoo,Vaknin, David,Kim, Doseok American Chemical Society 2015 Langmuir Vol.31 No.51
<P>It has been reported that an octadecylamine (ODA) Langmuir monolayer becomes unstable at low pH values with no measurable surface pressure at around pH 3.5, suggesting significant dissolution of the ODA molecule into the subphase solution (Albrecht, <I>Colloids Surf. A</I> <B>2006</B>, <I>284–285</I>, 166–174). However, by lowering the pH further, ODA molecules reoccupy the surface, and a full monolayer is recovered at pH 2.5. Using surface sum-frequency spectroscopy and pressure–area isotherms, it is found that the recovered monolayer at very low pH has a larger area per molecule with many gauche defects in the ODA molecules as compared to that at high pH values. This structural change suggests that the reappearance of the monolayer is due to the adsorbed Cl<SUP>–</SUP> counterions to the protonated amine groups, leading to partial charge neutralization. This proposition is confirmed by intentionally adding monovalent salts (i.e., NaCl, NaBr, or NaI) to the subphase to recover the monolayer at pH 3.5, in which the detailed structure of the monolayer is confirmed by sum frequency spectra and the adsorbed anions by X-ray reflectivity.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/langd5/2015/langd5.2015.31.issue-51/acs.langmuir.5b03947/production/images/medium/la-2015-039476_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/la5b03947'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>