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ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ КРАСКИНСКОГО ГОРОДИЩА И АРХЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ИЗУЧЕНИЕ БОХАЯ В ПРИМОРЬЕ
А.Л. Ивлиев(V.I. Boldin),В.И. Болдин(A.L. Ivliev) 동북아시아문화학회 2008 동북아시아문화학회 국제학술대회 발표자료집 Vol.- No.-
A new stage of Bohai studies in Primorski Territory started in 90-s of XX c. Regular excavations of Kraskinskoye ancient town by Kraskinskiy archaeological group headed by V.I.Boldin and discovery of Bohai graves became its' main contents. Excavations of Kraskinskoye ancient town which is identified as a center of Yanzhou circuit of Eastern capital of Bohai (渤海東京鹽州) started in 1980 are of a great importance for archaeological research of Bohai in Russia because they provide classic Bohai materials which can be compared with materials of other sites and also because they have given much new data on Bohai culture. Situated only in 50 km from Baliancheng (八連城) ancient town - remains of Bohai Eastern capital Longyuanfu (龍原府) this site like no other in Primorski Territory is close to central lands of this state. During excavations here a Buddhist temple complex surrounded by the wall with stone base was found. This complex included platform of the main temple with remains of tiled roof, basement of the building of earlier construction horizon, square stone foundation of construction like a bell tower, remains of tile firing kilns, stone well, underground chamber with walls made of tiles. Dwellings with kang (?) heating system were found one over another in different construction horizons beyond the wall of temple complex. One of the most interesting findings - a vessel typical for Kitan people (契丹) - was made in the well. This vessel indicates a short-term presence of Kitan, who conquered Bohai in 926, here. A cross-section of the town's wall had shown that inner and outer sides of the wall were built with stone blocks and a space between them was filled with ground. Judging by the data of other Bohai towns in Primorski Territory it is possible to conclude that stone walls were typical for fortification of Bohai ancient towns of this area. Kraskinskoye ancient town has a layer of archaeological deposits about 2 m thick which has not less than three construction horizons formed during about 200 years of the town's existence; it allows to study Bohai culture in the dynamic of its evolution from the early stage to the late one. Thus Kraskinskoye ancient town became the basic site for the periodization of Bohai tiles elaborated by E.I.Gelman.