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Polymer Deformable Mirror for Optical Auto Focusing
Jen-Liang Wang,Tyng-Yow Chen,ChingWei Liu,Chen-Wei Edward Chiu,Guo-Dung John Su 한국전자통신연구원 2007 ETRI Journal Vol.29 No.6
A low-stress organic polymer membrane is proposed as a deformable mirror that can be incorporated into a cellular phone camera to achieve auto focusing without motor-type moving parts. It is demonstrated that our fabricated device has an optical power of 20 diopters and can switch focus in 14 ms. The surface roughness of the organic membrane is measured around 15 nm, less than λ/20 of the visible light. With curve fitting, we found that the actuated membrane is almost parabolic in shape, which leads to less aberration than spherical surfaces. It is suitable for reflectiveoptics systems.
On the fail-safe design of tendon-driven manipulators with redundant tendons
Jinn-Biau Sheu,Tyng Liu,Jyh-Jone Lee 대한기계학회 2012 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.26 No.6
A tendon-driven manipulator having redundant tendons may possess more flexibility in operation, such as optimizing the performance of tendons, reducing the burden of each tendon, and providing fail-safe features. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the design of tendon-driven manipulators with a fail-safe feature, that is, to synthesize a system that may still remain controllable as any of the tendons have broken down or malfunctioned. Characteristics of tendon-driven manipulators are briefly discussed. Criteria for tendon-driven manipulators with redundant tendons and fail-safe feature are then established. Subsequently, constraints for such system are derived from the structure of tendon-driven manipulator. Associated with the criteria, manipulators can remain controllable when any of the tendons fails to function. Finally, a geometric method for determining the structure is developed. Examples of two-DOF and three-DOF tendondriven manipulators are demonstrated.