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Jie Ni,Taotao Cao,Liuwendi Hou,Fei Dong 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.2
Subcooled flow boiling is becoming an efficient and widely used heat transfer approach in internal combustion engine cooling systems. Bubble evolution behaviors are crucial for understanding the mechanism of subcooled flow boiling. In this study, a diesel engine test platform equipped with endoscopic high-speed photography system was built to investigate the characteristics of boiling bubble. Under various inlet liquid subcoolings and flow rates, the mean bubble diameters and bubble size distributions were measured and analyzed based on the image processing techniques. Most of the bubbles approximated the spherical and ellipsoidal shapes. The bubble size was distributed between 1 and 2.5 mm, and the bubble diameters increased with the decrease of the inlet subcooling and flow rate. The flow rate had a more significant effect on the formation of large boiling bubbles.
Xia Zou,Bo Feng,Taotao Dong,Binbin Tan,Hao Shen,Xiu Zhang,Menghui Zhang,Minhua Zheng,Yan Zhang 한국당과학회 2012 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world with high mortality and morbidity rates. In this study, we have performed comparative proteomic profiling of sera from CRC patients at stage I (n=17), stage II (n=40), stage III (n=24) and healthy subjects (n=25) to gain a global view of protein expression change during CRC tumorigenesis and provide potential targets for CRC diagnosis and treatment. As a result, a total of 93 proteins were found differentially expressed in CRC patients with a label-free quantitative APXE method. After GO and KEGG pathway analysis, those proteins most frequently involved in ECM-receptor interaction, complement and coagulation cascades. As important as components of ECM, we found several collagens in CRC serum had been changed from tumor stage I to IV. And the validation of collagen I (COL1) at RNA and protein expression level shown extremely comparable to pooled serum proteomic results using independent 26 paired tumor and matched normal colorectal tissues. Those findings indicated that the change of collagen I observed in serum were indeed from pathogenic lesion of colorectal tissue. Moreover, we further investigated serum levels of COL1, PICP (the synthesis indicator) and CTx (the breakdown indicator) in 77 CRC patients and 33 normal controls by ELISA. The results showed PICP and CTx were better for discriminating normal from cancer groups as well as non-metastatic from metastatic tumor than COL1. Finally, we evaluated the expression of MMPs in paired tumor and normal tissues from patients with different stages. Notably, the expression of MMP1, 7 and 14 were remarkably enhanced in carcinoma tissues and the trend were parallel with the progression of tumor stage. The expression of E-cadherin and CDX2, which had been considered as targets of COL1 in cell models, were also verified in tissues and displayed decrease in tumor. Overall, COL1 might be affected by MMP1, 7, 14 and had effects on cell adhesion and differentiation through E-cadherin and CDX2.