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Kim, S.J.,Hsu, C.,Song, Y.Q.,Tay, K.,Hong, X.N.,Cao, J.,Kim, J.S.,Eom, H.S.,Lee, J.H.,Zhu, J.,Chang, K.M.,Reksodiputro, A.H.,Tan, D.,Goh, Y.T.,Lee, J.,Intragumtornchai, T.,Chng, W.J.,Cheng, A.L.,Lim, Pergamon Press 2013 European journal of cancer Vol.49 No.16
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is increasing, as rituximab has become widely used for B-cell lymphoma. Thus, prevention and management of HBV reactivation are important in HBV-endemic areas. Methods: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in HBV surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive patients and HBsAg-negative/HBV core antibody (HBcAb)-positive patients who received rituximab-containing chemotherapy was investigated by the Asia Lymphoma Study Group via retrospective (n=340), and the results were compared to cross-sectional analysis with patients who were prospectively monitored in a single institute (n=127). The goal of the study was to define the frequency of HBV reactivation and the efficacy of antiviral prophylaxis. Results: HBV reactivation was found in 27.8% of HBsAg-positive patients (45/162) in the retrospective analysis, being significantly less frequent in patients receiving antiviral prophylaxis than those not (22.9%, 32/140 versus 59.1%, 13/22; p<0.001). Lamivudine was most commonly used (96/162, 59.3%), but more than 20% of HBsAg-positive patients showed breakthrough HBV reactivation. In the cross-sectional analysis, a reduced rate of HBV reactivation occurred for entecavir as compared with lamivudine prophylaxis (6.3% versus 39.3%; p<0.05). HBV DNA monitoring of HBsAg-negative/HBcAb-positive patients in the cross-sectional analysis showed HBV reactivation in only 2.4% of cases. Conclusions: This is the largest study of HBV reactivation in patients receiving rituximab-containing chemotherapy to date, and we defined the probability of HBV reactivation in an HBV-endemic region.
Antioxidant properties of porcine liver proteins hydrolyzed using Monascus purpureus
Hui-Chuan Yu,Jue-Liang Hsu,Chi-I. Chang,Fa-Jui Tan 한국식품과학회 2017 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.26 No.5
In this study, the antioxidant activities of porcine liver proteins, hydrolyzed using Alcalase®, papain, pepsin, or a microbial suspension of Monascus purpureus (APLH, PaPLH, PePLH, and MPLH, respectively), were investigated. The results indicated that the yield and degree of hydrolysis (DH) of hydrolysates increased with hydrolysis time. The highest yield and peptide content were obtained from APLH, whereas the DH of PaPLH was higher than that of the others. MPLH exhibited the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and reducing power, whereas APLH and PaPLH exhibited the higher ferrous ion-chelating ability than that of the MPLH. The molecular weights of all the hydrolysates were <10 kDa. The PaPLH exhibited the highest contents of total amino acids and hydrophobic amino acids. Fifteen antioxidant fractions obtained from MPLH contained one or more of the following amino acids in their sequences: Tyr, Trp, Ala, Pro, Met, Lys, Asp, Cys, Val, Leu, and His.
Performance of Q-learning based resource allocation for D2D communications in heterogeneous networks
Lee Shu-Hung,Shi Xiao-Pei,Tan Tan-Hsu,Lee Yu-Lin,Huang Yung-Fa 한국통신학회 2023 ICT Express Vol.9 No.6
This study investigates energy efficiency issues of device-to-device (D2D) communications in heterogeneous networks. To minimize the total transmitted power, an approach based on Q-learning together with adaptive ɛ -greedy is proposed to optimize the connection of user equipment (UE) with base station (BS) or access point (AP). The proposed adaptive ɛ -greedy can conduct the adequate exploration and exploitation operations for effective optimization. Simulation results indicate that in the single-cell scenario, the proposed method can attain performance close to the best solution.
Zheng, Yongping,Thampy, Sampreetha,Ashburn, Nickolas,Dillon, Sean,Wang, Luhua,Jangjou, Yasser,Tan, Kui,Kong, Fantai,Nie, Yifan,Kim, Moon J.,Epling, William S.,Chabal, Yves J.,Hsu, Julia W. P.,Cho, Kye American Chemical Society 2019 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.141 No.27
<P>The correlation between lattice oxygen (O) binding energy and O oxidation activity imposes a fundamental limit in developing oxide catalysts, simultaneously meeting the stringent thermal stability and catalytic activity standards for complete oxidation reactions under harsh conditions. Typically, strong O binding indicates a stable surface structure, but low O oxidation activity, and <I>vice</I><I>versa</I>. Using nitric oxide (NO) catalytic oxidation as a model reaction, we demonstrate that this conflicting correlation can be avoided by cooperative lattice oxygen redox on SmMn<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> mullite oxides, leading to stable and active oxide surface structures. The strongly bound neighboring lattice oxygen pair cooperates in NO oxidation to form bridging nitrate (NO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>-</SUP>) intermediates, which can facilely transform into monodentate NO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>-</SUP> by a concerted rotation with simultaneous O<SUB>2</SUB> adsorption onto the resulting oxygen vacancy. Subsequently, monodentate NO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>-</SUP> species decompose to NO<SUB>2</SUB> to restore one of the lattice oxygen atoms that act as a reversible redox center, and the vacancy can easily activate O<SUB>2</SUB> to replenish the consumed one. This discovery not only provides insights into the cooperative reaction mechanism but also aids the design of oxidation catalysts with the strong O binding region, offering strong activation of O<SUB>2</SUB>, high O activity, and high thermal stability in harsh conditions.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>