Elevated Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels During Depressive Mixed States

Naoaki Otsuka,Yoshikazu Takaesu,Yu Zamami,Kazuki Ota,Kazuhiro Kurihara,Hotaka Shinzato,Tsuyoshi Kondo 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.11

Objective Neurotrophin-like brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and pro-inflammatory cytokines may modulate the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Although several studies show alterations in these biomarkers during the depressive, manic, and euthymic states of mood disorders, evidence is lacking for those in a mixed state. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the depressive mixed state (DMX) and peripheral neurobiological factors.Methods We enrolled 136 patients with major depressive episodes. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report Japanese version (QIDS-SR-J). The severity of DMX was assessed using the self-administered 12-item questionnaire (DMX-12). Categorical screening as DMX-positive (n=54) was determined by a cutoff score of 13 or more in the specific eight symptoms from the DMX-12; the remaining were DMX-negative (n=82). Serum BDNF, tumor necrosis factor-α, highsensitivity C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 levels were measured.Results When comparing biomarkers between the DMX-positive and DMX-negative groups, higher serum BDNF concentration in the DMX-positive group than in the DMX-negative group was the only significant finding (p=0.009). A positive correlation existed between the total score of the eight specific symptoms of DMX-12 and the BDNF concentration (r=0.190, p=0.027). After adjustment for confounders, logistic regression analysis revealed that BDNF (odds ratio [OR]=1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.00–1.14, p=0.045), bipolar diagnosis (OR=3.43, 95% CI=1.36–8.66, p=0.009), and total QIDS-SR-J score (OR=1.29, 95% CI=1.15–1.43, p<0.001) were significantly associated with DMX positivity.Conclusion BDNF was positively associated with DMX severity, suggesting that higher BDNF concentrations may be involved in the pathophysiology of DMX.

Revisiting T2KK and T2KO physics potential and $$\nu _\mu $$ ν μ – $${\bar{\nu }}_\mu $$ ν ¯ μ beam ratio

Hagiwara, Kaoru,Ko, Pyungwon,Okamura, Naotoshi,Takaesu, Yoshitaro Springer-Verlag 2017 The European physical journal. C, Particles and fi Vol.77 No.3

<P>We revisit the sensitivity study of the Tokaito- Kamioka-and-Korea (T2KK) and Tokai-to-Kamioka-andOki (T2KO) proposals where a water Cerenkov detector with the 100 kton fiducial volume is placed in Korea (L = 1000 km) and Oki island (L = 653 km) in Japan, respectively, in addition to the Super-Kamiokande for determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy and leptonic CP phase (delta(CP)). We systematically study the running ratio of the nu(mu) and (nu) over bar (mu) focusing beams with dedicated background estimation for the nu(e) appearance and nu(mu) disappearance signals, especially improving treatment of the neutral-current pi(0) backgrounds. Using a nu(mu)-(nu) over bar (mu) beam ratio between 3: 2 and 2.5: 2.5 (in units of 10(21)POT with the proton energy of 40 GeV), the mass-hierarchy determination with the median sensitivity of 3-5 sigma by the T2KK and 1-4 sigma by the T2KO experiment are expected when sin(2) theta(23) = 0.5, depending on the mass-hierarchy pattern and CP phase. These sensitivities are enhanced (reduced) by 30-40% in Delta chi(2) when sin(2) theta(23) = 0.6 (0.4). The CP phase is measured with the uncertainty of 20 degrees-50 degrees by theT2KKandT2KOusing the nu(mu)-(nu) over bar (mu) focusing beam ratio between 3.5: 1.5 and 1.5: 3.5. These findings indicate that inclusion of the (nu) over bar mu focusing beam improves the sensitivities of the T2KK and T2KO experiments to both the mass-hierarchy determination and the leptonic CP phase measurement simultaneously with the preferred beam ratio being between 3: 2-2.5: 2.5 (x10(21)POT).</P>

Thermoelectric Power in Single-crystalline CeRhSi3

Hidekazu A. Tanaka,Naofumi Aso,Masato Hedo,Takao Nakama,Yoshinao Takaesu,Hiroki Iida,Noriaki Kimura,Haruyoshi Aoki 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.12

The thermoelectric power S of a heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3 has been measured attemperatures from 2.0 K to 300 K under hydrostatic pressures up to 2.7 GPa in order to clarify theKondo effect in CeRhSi3. S exhibits a large value of up to 60 µV/K, which is characteristic of heavyfermionsystems. S shows a maximum in its temperature dependence mainly due to the Kondoeffect, and its maximum temperature TSmax gradually increases from 96 K at ambient pressure to127 K at 2.7 GPa when a pressure is applied.

Effect of Partial Magnetic Order on Resistivity and Thermopower of Ho(Co1−xAlx)2 Alloys

T. Nakama,C. Zukeran,A. Nakamura,A. Teruya,S. Hirakawa,S. Watanabe,Y. Hiranaka,M. Takeda,M. Hedo,K. Yagasaki,Y. Takaesu,K. Uchima,A. T. Burkov 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.63 No.3

The electrical resistivity and the thermopower S of Ho(Co1−xAlx)2 alloys (x = 0 to 0.2) weremeasured at temperatures from 2 K to 300 K in magnetic fields up to 10 T. While (T) and S(T)of pure HoCo2 reveal abrupt changes at the magnetic ordering temperature TC, indicating a firstordertransition, the temperature variations of both properties across the ordering temperature inHo(Co1−xAlx)2 alloys clearly show that the type of magnetic transition changes under substitutionof Al for Co from first order to second order around x 0.06. (T) of the Al-substituted samples (x= 0.15 and 0.2) has a very unusual variation at temperatures below TC: in contrast to the expectedand usually-observed decrease of (T), the resistivity of Ho(Co1−xAlx)2 alloys (x = 0.15 and 0.2)increases at temperatures below TC. Moreover, the magnetoresistance of these alloys is positivearound TC; this is also in a sharp contrast to the usually observed negative magnetoresistance. We show that the anomalous resistivity and magnetoresistance in these alloys are related to themetamagnetic instability of the Co 3d subsystem and to the fluctuating local magnetic susceptibilitydue to atomic substitution. Due to this fluctuating local magnetic susceptibility, the uniformexchange field of 4f moments induces a non-uniform polarization of the 3d system, with staticspatial fluctuations of the local magnetization. This static magnetic disorder gives an additionalcontribution (m) to the electrical resistance in the alloys at temperatures below TC. The degreeof this disorder changes with decreasing temperature, resulting in specific variation of m withtemperature.

Simulating spin- $\frac{3}{2}$ particles at colliders

Christensen, N. D.,de Aquino, P.,Deutschmann, N.,Duhr, C.,Fuks, B.,Garcia-Cely, C.,Mattelaer, O.,Mawatari, K.,Oexl, B.,Takaesu, Y. Springer-Verlag 2013 European Physical Journal C Vol.73 No.10

Phase Diagram and Transport Properties of Y1−xNdxCo2 Pseudo-binary Alloys

A. T. Burkov,M. Takeda,A. Teruya,S. Watanabe,Y. Hiranaka,A. Nakamura,M. Hedo,T. Nakama,K. Yagasaki,Y. Takaesu,K. Uchima,Y. Uwatoko 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.12

The electrical resistivity and the thermopower S of pseudo-binary Y1−xNdxCo2 alloys have beenmeasured at temperatures from 2 to 300 K under pressures up to 3.5 GPa. NdCo2 is a ferromagnetwith a Curie temperature TC of 98 K. In the ferromagnetic phase, it undergoes a 4f spin-reorientationtransition at TR = 40 K. At this transition, the easy direction of 4f magnetization is changed from[100] at temperatures above TR to [110] below TR. The system phase diagram TC(x, P) and TR(x, P)is inferred from the temperature dependencies of the electrical resistivity and the thermopower. The Curie temperature of the alloys, TC decreases with decreasing Nd concentration x and vanishesaround xc = 0.3. Above xc, the Curie temperature decreases with increasing pressure. The spinreorientationtemperature weakly depends on the composition and on the pressure until it mergeswith TC. There is a large region of the phase diagram, partly overlapping with the ferromagneticphase, where the cobalt 3d electron system is non-uniformly magnetized due to spatial fluctuationsof the 4f-3d exchange field related to a random distribution of Nd 4f magnetic moments over the Rsublattice. In this region, large static 3d magnetic fluctuations govern the electronic transport.