임신 및 각종 갑상선질환에서 갑상선 기능 판정에 관한 연구 : 혈청유리 T4의 진단적 의의에 관한 고찰 The diagnostic value of free thyroxine by RIA

이종철,유명희,윤휘중,신영태,정순일,조보연,이문호,이명철 대한핵의학회 1981 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.15 No.1

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the measurement of free thyroxine(FT4) by radioimmunoassay, we measured free T4 and T4, T3, T3RU, TSH and TBG serum levels by radioimmunoassay in 18 healthy persons and 52 patients with various thyroid diseases and 11 normal pregnant women. The results are as follows. 1) In 19 cases of overt hyperthyroidism, T3, free T4 and FTI, T4/TBG ratio reflect hyperfunction in all cases. T4 is increased in 94%(18/19) and TBG and TSH are decreased in 79%(15/19). 2) In 8 patients with overt hypothyroidism, TSH is increased in all cases and free T4 and FTI is decreased in all cases. T4 is decreased in 87.5%(7/8), T3 is decreased in 75%(6/8) and T4/TBG ratio is decreased in 62.5%(5/8). 3) In 5 patients who are clinically in euthyroid state after treatment of hyperthyroidism, T4 free T4, FTI and TSH are in the normal range in all cases and T3 is normal in 60%(3/5) and slightly increased in 40%(2/5). 4) In 10 patients who showed clinically borderline hypothyroidism after treatment of hyperthyroidism, TSH is increased in all cases and free T4 and FTI are decreased in all cases, but T4 and T3, T4/TBG ratio are in the normal limit in all cases. So after treatment of hyperthyroidism, TSH, free T4 or FTI are recommended as optimal function test. 5) In normal pregnancy, free T4, FTI and T4/TBG ratio reflect normal function, but the other parameters unreliable due to the influence of increased TBG. Also TBG and TSH level in pregnancy is increased significantly compared with normal healthy control group. 6) The coefficients of correlation between T4 and FTI were 0.862(p〈0.001) and 0.685(p〈0.001) between free T4 and T4/TBG ratio. In most patients, diagnostic value of free T4 was comparable and even superior to FTI, so free T4 measurement can be used routinely with thyrotropin assay in the diagnosis of hypothyrodism or with T3 for the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism.

Common promoter polymorphism in monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 is associated with serum triglyceride levels and body mass index in non-diabetic individuals

Shin, H. D.,Park, K. S.,Park, B. L.,Cheong, H. S.,Cho, Y. M.,Lee, H. K.,Lee, J.-Y.,Lee, J.-K.,Kim, H. T.,Han, B. G.,Kim, J. W.,Koh, I.,Kim, Y. J.,Oh, B.,Kimm, K.,Park, C. Blackwell Science Ltd 2006 Diabetic medicine Vol.23 No.1

<P>Abstract</P><P>Aims </P><P>Growing evidence supports the hypothesis that chronic low-grade inflammation related to innate immunity may play an important role in the pathophysiology of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 gene (<I>CD14</I>) acts as the receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and augments monocyte/macrophage inflammatory responses.</P><P>Methods </P><P>We have sequenced the gene, including all exons, exon/intron boundaries, and the −1.5 kb of the 5′ flanking region. Two common loci (minor allele frequency > 0.05) were genotyped in 775 T2DM patients and 316 control subjects recruited in the Korean T2DM Study.</P><P>Results </P><P>Eight polymorphisms, including four non-synonymous forms, were identified in <I>CD14</I>. No polymorphisms were found in association with T2DM. However, one common promoter SNP (<I>−260T>C</I>) was significantly associated with both the serum triglyceride level (TG) and body mass index (BMI) in non-diabetic control subjects. Individuals who carried the minor allele (C) had higher TG levels (1.65 ± 0.81 vs. 1.46 ± 0.80 mmol/l; <I>P</I> = 0.0007) and BMI (23.96 ± 3.00 vs. 23.28 ± 3.22 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP>; <I>P</I> = 0.04) as compared with subjects carrying T/T genotypes.</P><P>Conclusion </P><P>Our data suggest that lipid metabolism and obesity, important pathophysiological elements of T2DM and the metabolic syndrome, are regulated by complex mechanisms that include the CD14 gene polymorphism-mediated genetic propensity to non-specific inflammatory responses.</P>

광전도체의 CdS 단결정 성장과 물리적 특성

정태수,유평열,신영진,신현길,김택성,정철훈,이훈,신영신,홍광준,유기수 全北大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1994 基礎科學 Vol.16 No.-

승화방법으로 광전도체의 CdS 단결정을 성장하였고 외삽법으로 구한 a_o와 c_o 의 격자상수 값은 각각 4.1318Å과 6.7122Å임을 알았다. Hall 측정값으로 부터 상온에서의 CdS 단결정의 운반자 농도와 이동도는 각각∼10^23m^-3과 2.93×10 exp (-2)㎡/V sec 이였으며 온도에 따른 이동도 변화는 33 K에서 150 K까지는 T^1/2 에 따라 증가하는 경향이 있고 180 K 에서 상온까지는 T^-2에 따라 감소한 경향이 나타났다. 광전류 측정으로 부터 나타난 단파장대의 봉우리는 진성전이에 기인하는 봉우리였으며 이 봉우리의 에너지값은 CdS 광전도체에 에너지 밴드 갭과 동일한 값을 나타냄을 알았다. A CdS single crystal was grown by using sublimation method. Lattice constants, a_o and c_o , obtained by using extrapolation were 4.1318 Å and 6.7122 Å, respectively. The carrier density was∼10^23m^-3 and the mobility was 2.93×10 exp (-2)㎡/V-sec from measured Hall data at room temperature. The mobility has a increasing tendency in proportion to T^1/2 from 33 K to 150 K and a decreasing tendency in proportion to T^-2 from 180 K to room temperature. The short wavelength band peak measured from photocurrent was due to intrinsic transition, and the energy value of this peak was equal to the energy band gap of CdS photoconductor.

Intravesical Instillation of c-MYC Inhibitor KSI-3716 Suppresses Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Growth

Jeong, K.C.,Kim, K.T.,Seo, H.H.,Shin, S.P.,Ahn, K.O.,Ji, M.J.,Park, W.S.,Kim, I.H.,Lee, S.J.,Seo, H.K. Williams and Wilkins Co 2014 The Journal of urology Vol.191 No.2

Purpose: c-MYC is a promising target for cancer therapy but its use is restricted by unwanted, devastating side effects. We explored whether intravesical instillation of the c-MYC inhibitor KSI-3716 could suppress tumor growth in murine orthotopic bladder xenografts. Materials and Methods: The small molecule KSI-3716, which blocks c-MYC/MAX binding to target gene promoters, was used as an intravesical chemotherapy agent. KSI-3716 action was assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation, transcription reporter assay and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Inhibition of cell proliferation and its mechanism was monitored by cell cytotoxicity assay, EdU incorporation assay and flow cytometry. The in vivo efficacy of KSI-3716 was examined by noninvasive luminescence imaging and histological analysis after intravesical instillation of KSI-3716 in murine orthotopic bladder xenografts. Results: KSI-3716 blocked c-MYC/MAX from forming a complex with target gene promoters. c-MYC mediated transcriptional activity was inhibited by KSI-3716 at concentrations as low as 1 μM. The expression of c-MYC target genes, such as cyclin D2, CDK4 and hTERT, was markedly decreased. KSI-3716 exerted cytotoxic effects on bladder cancer cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Intravesical instillation of KSI-3716 at a dose of 5 mg/kg significantly suppressed tumor growth with minimal systemic toxicity. Conclusions: The c-MYC inhibitor KSI-3716 could be developed as an effective intravesical chemotherapy agent for bladder cancer.

SIGN-R1, a C-type lectin, enhances apoptotic cell clearance through the complement deposition pathway by interacting with C1q in the spleen

Prabagar, M G,Do, Y,Ryu, S,Park, J-Y,Choi, H-J,Choi, W-S,Yun, T J,Moon, J,Choi, I-S,Ko, K,Ko, K,Young Shin, C,Cheong, C,Kang, Y-S Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013 Cell death and differentiation Vol.20 No.4

Complements, such as C1q and C3, and macrophages in the splenic marginal zone (MZMs) play pivotal roles in the efficient uptake and processing of circulating apoptotic cells. SIGN-R1, a C-type lectin that is highly expressed in a subpopulation of MZMs, regulates the complement fixation pathway by interacting with C1q, to fight blood-borne Streptococcus pneumoniae. Therefore, we examined whether the SIGN-R1-mediated classical complement pathway plays a role in apoptotic cell clearance and immune tolerance. SIGN-R1 first-bound apoptotic cells and this binding was significantly enhanced in the presence of C1q. SIGN-R1–C1q complex then immediately mediated C3 deposition on circulating apoptotic cells in the MZ, leading to the efficient clearance of them. SIGN-R1-mediated C3 deposition was completely abolished in the spleen of SIGN-R1 knockout (KO) mice. Given that SIGN-R1 is not expressed in the liver, we were struck by the finding that C3-deposited apoptotic cells were still found in the liver of wild-type mice, and dramatically reduced in the SIGN-R1 KO liver. In particular, SIGN-R1 deficiency caused delayed clearance of apoptotic cells and aberrant secretion of cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-β in the spleen as well as in the liver. In addition, anti-double- and single-stranded DNA antibody level was significantly increased in SIGN-R1-depleted mice compared with control mice. These findings suggest a novel mechanism of apoptotic cell clearance which is initiated by SIGN-R1 in the MZ and identify an integrated role of SIGN-R1 in the systemic clearance of apoptotic cells, linking the recognition of apoptotic cells, the opsonization of complements, and the induction of immune tolerance.

아연 공급원이 반추위내 발효특성과 유생산성 및 이용율에 미치는 영향 - 1. 아연 공급원이 젖소의 반추위내 발효특성 및 십이지장액에 미치는 영향 -

정완태(W . T . Chung),신형태(H . T . Shin),이상철(S . C . Lee) 한국영양사료학회 1997 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.21 No.1

아연 공급원이 반추위내 발효특성과 유생산성 및 이용율에 미치는 영향 - 2. 아연 공급원이 젖소의 반추위내 박테리아수 변화에 미치는 영향 -

정완태(W . T . Chung),신형태(H . T . Shin),이상철(S . C . Lee) 한국영양사료학회 1997 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.21 No.2

Glioma: Application of Histogram Analysis of Pharmacokinetic Parameters from T1-Weighted Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MR Imaging to Tumor Grading

Jung, S.C.,Yeom, J.A.,Kim, J.-H.,Ryoo, I.,Kim, S.C.,Shin, H.,Lee, A.L.,Yun, T.J.,Park, C.-K.,Sohn, C.-H.,Park, S.-H.,Choi, S.H. American Society of Neuroradiology 2014 American journal of neuroradiology Vol.35 No.6

<P><B>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</B></P><P>The usefulness of pharmacokinetic parameters for glioma grading has been reported based on the perfusion data from parts of entire-tumor volumes. However, the perfusion values may not reflect the entire-tumor characteristics. Our aim was to investigate the feasibility of glioma grading by using histogram analyses of pharmacokinetic parameters including the volume transfer constant, extravascular extracellular space volume per unit volume of tissue, and blood plasma volume per unit volume of tissue from T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion MR imaging.</P><P><B>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</B></P><P>Twenty-eight patients (14 men, 14 women; mean age, 49.75 years; age range, 25–72 years) with histopathologically confirmed gliomas (World Health Organization grade II, <I>n</I> = 7; grade III, <I>n</I> = 8; grade IV, <I>n</I> = 13) were examined before surgery or biopsy with conventional MR imaging and T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion MR imaging at 3T. Volume transfer constant, extravascular extracellular space volume per unit volume of tissue, and blood plasma volume per unit volume of tissue were calculated from the entire-tumor volume. Histogram analyses from these parameters were correlated with glioma grades. The parameters with the best percentile from cumulative histograms were identified by analysis of the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic analysis and were compared by using multivariable stepwise logistic regression analysis for distinguishing high- from low-grade gliomas.</P><P><B>RESULTS:</B></P><P>All parametric values increased with increasing glioma grade. There were significant differences among the 3 grades in all parameters (<I>P</I> < .01). For the differentiation of high- and low-grade gliomas, the highest area under the curve values were found at the 98th percentile of the volume transfer constant (area under the curve, 0.912; cutoff value, 0.277), the 90th percentile of extravascular extracellular space volume per unit volume of tissue (area under the curve, 0.939; cutoff value, 19.70), and the 84th percentile of blood plasma volume per unit volume of tissue (area under the curve, 0.769; cutoff value, 11.71). The 98th percentile volume transfer constant value was the only variable that could be used to independently differentiate high- and low-grade gliomas in multivariable stepwise logistic regression analysis.</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS:</B></P><P>Histogram analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters from whole-tumor volume data can be a useful method for glioma grading. The 98th percentile value of the volume transfer constant was the most significant measure.</P>

Programmed cell death ligand 1 alleviates psoriatic inflammation by suppressing IL-17A production from programmed cell death 1-high T cells

Kim, J.H.,Choi, Y.J.,Lee, B.H.,Song, M.Y.,Ban, C.Y.,Kim, J.,Park, J.,Kim, S.E.,Kim, T.G.,Park, S.H.,Kim, H.P.,Sung, Y.C.,Kim, S.C.,Shin, E.C. Mosby 2016 The journal of allergy and clinical immunology Vol.137 No.5

<P>Background: Psoriasis is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases of the skin. Recently, IL-17-producing T cells have been shown to play a critical role in psoriatic inflammation. Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) is a coinhibitory receptor expressed on T cells in various chronic inflammatory diseases; however, the expression and function of PD-1 during psoriatic inflammation have not previously been characterized. Objective: We examined PD-1 expression on IL-17A-producing T cells from imiquimod-treated mice and patients with psoriasis. Additionally, we investigated the therapeutic effect of recombinant programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein on imiquimod-induced psoriatic inflammation. Methods: PD-1 expression on IL-17A-producing gamma delta T cells from imiquimod-treated mice was examined by means of multicolor flow cytometric analysis. In the psoriatic skin of patients, PD-1 and IL-17A expression was analyzed by using immunofluorescence. The therapeutic effect of PD-L1-Fc fusion protein (PD-L1-Fc) was assessed in imiquimod-treated mice ex vivo and in vivo. Results: During imiquimod-induced psoriatic inflammation, PD-1 is overexpressed on CD27(-)V gamma 1(-) gamma delta T cells. Furthermore, PD-1 expression on IL-17A(+) T cells was confirmed in psoriatic skin tissues from patients and imiquimod-treated mice. In the CD27(-)V gamma 1(-) gamma delta T-cell population, V gamma 4(-) gamma delta T cells with V gamma 6 mRNA expression showed a high level of PD-1 expression. Furthermore, these PD-1(hi)V gamma 4(-)(V gamma 6(+)) gamma delta Tcells were specialized for anti-CD3-induced IL-17A production, which was inhibited by PD-L1-Fc treatment. In imiquimod-treated mice PD-L1-Fc reduced psoriatic inflammation when given alone and enhanced the therapeutic effect of anti-p40 when given in combination. Conclusion: PD-1 is overexpressed in IL-17A-producing T cells in both imiquimod-treated mice and patients with psoriasis. Moreover, recombinant PD-L1-Fc alleviates psoriatic inflammation in imiquimod-treated mice.</P>

한국 밀식사과원의 정지전정에 따른 수체생장과 생산성 및 경영효율 비교

정혜웅,김경훈,송태영,홍성일,한호균,김귀권,신종협,여덕환,김병철,박준권,Jung, H.W.,Kim, K.H.,Song, T.Y.,Hong, S.I.,Han, H.K.,Kim, K.K.,Shin, J.H.,Yeo, D.H.,Kim, B.C.,Park, J.K. 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2017 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.19 No.1

The present study conducted a comparison on tree growth and productivity of high-density apple orchards by several orchard management systems: making scaffolds by heading-back and thinning out pruning (T-1), maintaining scaffolds upward and bearing shoots downward (T-2), managing branches slightly upward without heading-back (T-3), keeping leaders downward and shoots pending (T-4), maintaining leaders high and branches horizontal with severe pinching (T-5), making leaders with lower branches vigorous and upper shoots pending (T-6), and controlling very high planting density with bending branches (T-7). In conclusion, the orchards of (T-5) and (T-6) management systems showed a superior performance in controlling tree growth, productivity, and quality of fruits. Also, superior management efficiency was obtained in the orchards of (T-5) and (T-6).