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Recent advances in cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalysts
Yujun Suo,Yali Yao,Yusheng Zhang,Sijia Xing,Zhong-Yong Yuan 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.115 No.-
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is a promising technology for converting renewable energy sources tosynthetic liquid fuels, olefins or oxygenates. As one of the metal-based FTS catalysts with excellent intrinsicactivity, supported Co-based catalysts have attracted much attention. Their properties depend on theirgeometric morphology, surface composition and metal-support interaction (MSI). This paper reviews thelatest research progress of the supported Co-based catalysts for FTS, including recently-developed functionalmodification strategies to adjust the cobalt phase, crystallite size, metal dispersion, site density andmetal-support interaction to optimize the performance of cobalt-based catalysts. The effects of importantmaterials (including cobalt precursors, supports and promoters) on catalytic performance are discussedand compared. A summary is provided of the modifications made to catalysts with a unique and controllablestructure, in order to improve the catalytic activity and focus the product distribution on targetedwax, gasoline, diesel, olefins and oxygenate products. Guidance is provided regarding controlling thestructure and functions of Co-based catalysts. Opportunities and perspectives on future research intomodification strategies used for Co-based FTS catalyst are also noted.
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Risk Factors for Anxiety in Major Depressive Disorder Patients
Li-Min Xin,Lin Chen,Zhen-Peng Ji,Suo-Yuan Zhang,Jun Wang,Yan-Hong Liu,Da-Fang Chen,Fu-De Yang,Gang Wang,Yi-Ru Fang,Zheng Lu,Hai-Chen Yang,Jian Hu,Zhi-Yu Chen,Yi Huang,Jing Sun,Xiao-Ping Wang,Hui-Chun 대한정신약물학회 2015 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.13 No.3
Objective: To analyze the sociodemographic and clinical factors related to anxiety in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: This study involved a secondary analysis of data obtained from the Diagnostic Assessment Service for People with Bipolar Disorders in China (DASP), which was initiated by the Chinese Society of Psychiatry (CSP) and conducted from September 1, 2010 to February 28, 2011. Based on the presence or absence of anxiety-related characteristics, 1,178 MDD patients were classified as suffering from anxious depression (n=915) or non-anxious depression (n=263), respectively. Results: Compared with the non-anxious group, the anxious-depression group had an older age at onset (t=−4.39, p<0.001), were older (t=−4.69, p<0.001), reported more lifetime depressive episodes (z=−3.24, p=0.001), were more likely to experience seasonal depressive episodes (χ2=6.896, p=0.009) and depressive episodes following stressful life events (χ2=59.350, p <0.001), and were more likely to have a family history of psychiatric disorders (χ2=6.091, p=0.014). Their positive and total scores on the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) and the 32-item Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32) (p<0.05) were also lower. The logistic regression analysis indicated that age (odds ratio [OR]=1.03, p<0.001), a lower total MDQ score (OR=0.94, p=0.011), depressive episodes following stressful life events (OR=3.04, p<0.001), and seasonal depressive episodes (OR=1.75, p=0.039) were significantly associated with anxious depression. Conclusion: These findings indicate that older age, fewer subclinical bipolar features, an increased number of depressive episodes following stressful life events, and seasonal depressive episodes may be risk factors for anxiety-related characteristics in patients with MDD.
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