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Effect of Mn and C on Age Hardening of Fe–Mn–Al–C Lightweight Steels
Sung‑Won Park,Jun Young Park,Kyong Mox Cho,Jae Hoon Jang,Seong‑Jun Park,Joonoh Moon,Tae‑Ho Lee,Jong‑Ho Shin 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.3
The effects of Mn and C content on the age hardening of Fe–Mn–Al–C lightweight steels, which have austenitic or duplex(austenite and ferrite) microstructures, were investigated. An increase in Mn content induced a delay of the age hardeningthat is caused by the formation of intra-granular κ-carbides. In order to interpret the effect of Mn content, first-principlescalculations were conducted using the supercells of Fe24Al8C8,Fe24Al8C7,Fe24(Al7Mn)C8, and Fe24(Al7Mn)C7. The calculationsshowed that an increase in Mn content could be the source of the delay of the intra-granular κ-carbide formation bysuppressing C atom’ occupation of the vacancy at the body-centered site of L12. An increase in C content accelerated theformation of intra-granular κ-carbides, which induced the intense age hardening, and coarse inter-granular κ-carbides, whichresulted in significant decrease in impact absorbed energy due to inter-granular fracture.
Effect of Developmental Lead Exposure on the Expression of Hippocampal NMDA Receptor Subunit mRNA
Kim, Tae-Wan,Chung, In-Sung,Bae, Jae-Hoon,Shin, Dong-Hoon,Lee, Mi-Young,Kim, Joon-Sik 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4
목적: in vivo 및 vitro에서 해마 신경세포의 발생단계별 NMDA 수용체 아단위 mRNA 발현에 대한 연 폭로 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 흰쥐 해마 신경세포의 발생단계별 NMDA 수용체 NR2A, NR2B 아단위 mRNA 발현에 대한 연의 영향은 정상군과 연 폭로군의 출생 후 7일, 14일, 22일 흰쥐의 해마에서 in situ hybridization으로 mRNA 발현 정도를 densitometer로 측정하여 비교하였고, 연과 NMDA 의 세포독성은 해마 신경세포 일차배양 후 도립현미경을 이용한 형태학적인 관찰과 LDH 활성도를 이용하여 측정하였다. 결과: 연 과 NMDA 에 의한 세포독성에 대한 in vitro 실험에서 형태학적 소견과 LDH 활성도에서 해마 미성숙 신경세포와 성숙 신경세포사이의 차이가 있었으므로, 연과 NMDA 독성효과는 해마 신경세포의 발달 단계에 따라 차이가 있다. 정상군의 해마에서의 NR2A mRNA 발현은 출생 후 연령이 증가함에 따라 점진적으로 증가하였으나, NR2B mRNA 발현은 출생 후 연령이 증가함에 따라 점진적으로 증가하였으나 NR2B mRNA 발현은 연령의 증가에 따른 변화가 없었다. 연 폭로에 희한 NR2A mRNA 발현은 유의하게 감소하였으나(p<0.05), NR2B mRNA 발현은 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 만성적 연 폭로는 NR2A를 포함하는 NMDA 수용체를 감소시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있다. 결론: 연은 해마신경세포의 발생단계에서 NMDA 수용체 아단위 특히 NR2A mRNA 발현의 변화를 야기하여 시냅스 신호 전달에 영향을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. Hippocampus
디스패칭 룰 기반의 시뮬레이션 모델을 활용한 S-PMS 설계
이재용(Jae-yong Lee),김상태(Sang-tae Kim),박선영(Seon-young Park),신문수(Moonsoo Shin1),조용주(Yongju Cho) 한국산업경영시스템학회 2015 한국산업경영시스템학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.추계
The up-to-date small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Korea have tried to respond flexibly and rapidly to dynamic business environment and to establish efficient production management system based on information technologies. However, most of SMEs have faced with low applicability of the production management system resulting from high costs of introduction and maintenance. In this paper, a production planning and control system, that is S-PMS (production management system for SMEs), is proposed to solve the problem of low applicability and limited human resources. S-PMS enables production managers to efficiently collect and manage master data with the actual target production systems and explores the bottleneck process by means of simulation techniques to improve productivity. Furthermore, it implements rescheduling mechanism in terms of a variety of process routes. In essence, intuitive dispatching rules and integrated data management of S-PMS improve field applicability of production management system. Consequently, S-PMS is expected to be used as an efficient production management system of SMEs in Korea.
Brain Mapping Using Neuroimaging
Tae, Woo-Suk,Kang, Shin-Hyuk,Ham, Byung-Joo,Kim, Byung-Jo,Pyun, Sung-Bom Korean Society of Microscopy 2016 Applied microscopy Vol.46 No.4
Mapping brain structural and functional connections through the whole brain is essential for understanding brain mechanisms and the physiological bases of brain diseases. Although region specific structural or functional deficits cause brain diseases, the changes of interregional connections could also be important factors of brain diseases. This review will introduce common neuroimaging modalities, including structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging, and other recent neuroimaging analyses methods, such as voxel-based morphometry, cortical thickness analysis, local gyrification index, and shape analysis for structural imaging. Tract-Based Spatial Statistics, TRActs Constrained by UnderLying Anatomy for diffusion MRI, and independent component analysis for fMRI also will also be introduced.
( Shin Hwang ),( Young-joo Lee ),( Ki-hun Kim ),( Chul-soo Ahn ),( Deok-bog Moon ),( Tae-yong Ha ),( Seung-mo Hong ),( Eun Sil Yu ),( Sung-gyu Lee ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1
Purpose: Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) is rare. We investigated the clinicopathological features of cHCC-CC and analyzed the prognostic influence of tumor type according to the 2010 WHO classification. Methods: A cohort of 100 patients with cHCC-CC who underwent resection from July 2012 to June 2015 was selected as the study group. The control group comprised 200 propensity score-matched patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Results: The mean tumor diameter of the cHCC-CC group was 4.4±2.8cm and 95 patients had single tumor disease. The cancers were classified as classical in 46 patients and subtypes with stem cell features in 54. The latter was further subdivided into typical (n=12), intermediate-cell (n=18), cholangiocellular (n=11), and un- classified (n=13) subtypes. Their 1- and 3-year tumor recurrence vs patient survival rates were 31.7% vs 92.5% and 59.8% vs 77.3%, respectively (Fig. 1). There was definite prognostic stratification of tumor recurrence and patient survival rates according to the tumor type (P ≤ 0.008). There was no difference in tumor recurrence compared with the ICC control group (P=0.523) but the cHCC-CC group showed better survival (P=0.008). The cHCC-CC group of subtypes with stem cell features showed better survival (P=0.001), but no significant survival difference was observed between the cHCC-CC classical group and the ICC control group (P=0.058). Conclusion: cHCC-CC is a neoplasm with wide histologic diversity, indicating a strong association with hepatic progenitor cells. A close relationship exists between prognosis and tumor type according to the 2010 WHO classification. The complex mixture of histologic subtypes remains a challenge for the definitive classification of cHCC-CC.
Laparoscopic Transabdominal Transfer of Blastocysts in Korean Black Goats
Sang-Cheol Cho,Jong-Ki Cho,Sang Tae Shin 한국수정란이식학회 2017 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.32 No.2
As a part of the effort to improve post-transfer survival rate of embryos in Korean black goats, a technique for laparoscopic uterine transfer of blastocysts was carried out. A total of 26 transferrable embryos (morula to expanded blastocysts) were transferred to 13 recipient goats via transabdominal laparoscopic method. In consequence of our hormone protocol, 65% of the recipients (13/20) were found to have synchronized estrus. After confirmation of corpus luteum in each recipient goat, a Babcock laparoscopic forceps was inserted into the lower abdominal cavity to hold a uterine horn and fasten it near the peritoneum without causing injury. Then 7.5cm long 16G IV catheter was inserted directly into the uterine lumen through the abdominal wall. After removal of the stylet of the IV catheter, the embryo transfer tube (identical in size to the stylet and loaded with blastocysts) was inserted into the uterine lumen through the catheter to unload the embryos. Of the 13 estrus synchronized recipients, 9 were transferred blastocysts and 4 were transferred molurae (2 embryos in each recipient) in uterine ipsilateral to the ovary with corpus luteum. Four of the 9 recipients which blastocysts were transferred using this method has been confirmed pregnant (44.4% pregnancy rate).