梅軒 朴承稷과 蓮崗 朴斗秉의 生涯와 經營理念

Sung Soo Kim(金聖壽) 한국경영사학회 2002 經營史學 Vol.28 No.-

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the lives and management philosophy of Maeheon Seung-Jik Park, the founder of Doosan Group and Yonkang Doo-Byung Park, the first son of him. And the secondary purpose of this study is to examIne the lives and management philosophy of chairmen Soo-Chang Jung, Yong-Kan Park and Yong-Oh Park. Maeheon Seung-Jik Park is both a self-made and national entrepreneur who has constructed the foundation of establishment and development of Doosan Group, The commercial capItal that he has accomplished has been capitalized industrially by his son Doo-Byung Park to build Doosan Group. Doosan has been the root that has led the Korean business history of the last century and contributed to the formation of Korean national capital and economic development. In 1896, Maeheon Seung-Jik Park has started “Park Seung-Jik Sang lum”, from which the Korea first century-long enterprise has been grown by the active management activities of his son Doo-Byung Park, a professional manager Soo-Chang Jung, his grandsons Yang-Ken Park and Yong-Oh Park until 2000. Like this, Doosan could have grown during 100 years because of the unique management ideology and philosophy of the founder Maeheon Seung-Jik Park and Yonkang Doo-Byung Park, and the prominent entrepreneurial spirit from a professional manager Soo-Chang Jung to the third generations of Yong-Kon Park and Yong-Oh Park. First, that was the commercial spirit of Seung-Jik Park who has opened the founding period of Doosan, which has been based on the spirits of harmony among men, thrift and diligence, compromise, and national self-reliance. Furthermore, the management philosophy including harmony-first, thrift and diligence, honesty, cedit, royalty and filial piety, and Confucianism that has attached much importance to family line has been the final chance to achieve the management results. Second, the Chairman Yonkang Doo-Byung Park has succeeded in establishing the modern management system and changing the commercial capital into the industrial capital by following the will of his father, and contributed greatly to the construction of modern industrial foundation by establishing Doosan Group and dividing into capital and management. His management philosophy has been established into management of harmony among men, thrift and saving, honest management, creditable management, labor-employer harmony, customer satisfaction, and responsible management. Third, this has been supported by the management philosophy of professional manager Soo-Chang Jung, the third generation entrepreneur and chairman Yong-Kong Park, and the chairman Yong-Oh Park who has enforced restructuring successfully in entering upon the centennial anniversary of Doosan foundation. That is the very management principles of Doosan, which has become the 21st century management philosophy of Doosan; (1) Enterprise winning the love of customer, (2) Enterprise serving nation and people, (3) Enterprise fulfilling its social responsibility and (4) Enterprise with pride and self-confidence.

이상의 문자(文字) 감각과 매체의 모더니티

김성수 ( Sung Soo Kim ) 한국비교문학회 2011 比較文學 Vol.55 No.-

This article begins with an awareness of two. One is to consider the meaning of "letter" sensibility, as expressed in Yi Sang`s text in relation to newspapers and printed media, which constituted modern media in the city of Gyeong-seong [京城] in the 1930`s. The other is to analyze Yi Sang`s dream of writing and of realizing his goals through the letter expression. Therefore, the objective of this article is to investigate the unique ideas about letters and the meaning of the expressions in the literary texts of Yi Sang, who omnidirectionally participated in the so-called "modernity of media," as he drew figures, blueprints, and illustrations and worked as a magazine editor and literary coterie within modern Korean literature in the 1930`s. On the basis of this investigation, we tried to clarify the patterns in Yi Sang`s dreams of writing. Yi Sang`s unique ideas about letters were incorporated into his works in various forms and expressed through his original literary language. Moreover, his ideas had a sociocultural impact at that time beyond the function of delivering literary meanings. In his essay, "Lingering Impressions of a Mountain Village," he expressed the natural mood that sprang up from rural society by replacing with metaphoric language acquired fromand sensitized by "urban emotions." Hence, various aspects of Yi Sang`s literature constituting the so-called "rhetoric of city" were patterned by reflecting urban phenomena in visual forms in many parts of his works. The metaphoric system of the "rhetoric of city" established the unique metaphor in the viewpoint of the new modernity by the emotions and senses of those living in a city in the 20th century, saying good-bye to the senses of the 19th century. The characteristic elements of Yi Sang`s literature in the area of Korean literature in the 1930`s, which resulted from various forms of letters and their application to literary works, can ultimately be considered ventriloquial reactions to the speed of the capitalistic society that was changing rapidly, as well as to the disturbance of time and the entanglement of space in the changing process. This is a key factor in Yi Sang`s literature as well as the novel writing pattern that advocated the autonomy of art as "objectless writing`" based on the letter sensibility and the sign game method. Moreover, the new form of literature realized by Yi Sang`s letter sensibility and his literary world still requires an interpretation from a novel point of view, in the sense that it was an abstract painting that expressed the uneven consciousness of those living in a city, generated from the regulatory system of capitalistic reason that was rapidly expanding in the urban space of Gyeong-seong in the 1930`s.

“근대불교 강맥(講脈)의 사자상승 연구 - 석전 박한영을 중심으로”

이성수 ( Lee Sung-soo ) 동국대학교 전자불전문화콘텐츠연구소 2023 전자불전 Vol.25 No.-

한국불교는 전통적으로 참선 수행을 중시해왔다. 근대에 들어서도 비슷한 양상이 이어졌지만, 근대학문을 수용하면서 교학을 확장 시켰다. 특히 20세기 전반 석전 박한영(石顚 朴漢永, 1870~1948)을 비롯해 진응혜찬(震應慧燦, 1873∼1941), 금봉병연(錦峰秉演, 1869~1916), 진호석연(震湖錫淵, 1880~1965), 퇴경상로(退耕相老, 1879~1965), 포광영수(包光映遂, 1884~1967) 등이 대강백으로 활약했다. 이들은 제자 가운데 교학에 밝고 후학을 양성할 만한 자격을 갖추었을 때 강맥(講脈)을 전했다. 석전 박한영은 “교육을 진흥시키는 자는 마땅히 불도(佛道)를 이루리라”며 인재 양성을 강조했다. 근현대 한국불교의 주요 강사를 배출한 박한영은 일제강점기 조선불교의 정체성을 수호하며, 독립운동가들과 교유한대표적인 선지식이다. 석전 박한영의 전강 제자는 운기성원(雲起性元, 1898~1982), 운허용하(耘虛龍夏, 1892~1980), 운성승희(雲惺昇熙, 1910~1995), 고봉태수(高峰泰秀, 1905~1968), 성능복문(性能福文), 철운종현(鐵雲宗玄, 1906∼1989), 명봉(明峯), 학봉 등이 있다. 이들 8명을 비롯해 손제자 26명, 증손제자 108명, 고손제자 23명 등 모두 165명이 석전 박한영의 강맥을 이었다. 이 가운데 상당수는 동국대 총장, 중앙승가대 교수, 해인사 승가대학장, 통도사 승가대학장, 동화사 승가대학장, 운문사 승가대학장, 봉녕사 승가대학장 등 종단의 주요 교육기관에서 후학을 양성했다. 또한 종정, 총무원장, 중앙종회의장, 총무원 집행부, 교구본사 주지 등 종단의 주요 소임을 본 사례도 상당수이다. 석전 박한영의 제자들은 교학 발전은 물론 근현대 한국불교에 큰 영향을 끼쳤다. Korean Buddhism has traditionally placed great importance on Ganhwaseon(看話禪). A similar pattern continued in modern times, but modern studies were accepted to expand teaching. In particular, Park Han-young, Jin Eung-hyechan, Geum Bong-yeon, Jin Ho Seok-yeon, Toekyung-ro, and Fogwang Young-soo took on the role of teachers. In the first half of the 20th century, they took on the role of teaching their disciples. And they passed on their Gangmaek (講脈) to those who were qualified to cultivate future generations. Park Han-young emphasized nurturing talent, saying, “Education is more important than anything else.” Park Han-young, who produced major scholars of modern and contemporary Korean Buddhism, is a representative monk who maintained the identity of Joseon Buddhism and communicated with independence activists during the Japanese colonial period. Park Han-young's disciples include Ungi Sung-won, Un Yong-ha, Unseong Seung-hee, Go Bong Tae-soo, Sung Neung Bok-mun, Cheol Un Jong-hyun, Myeongbong, and Hakbong. Park Han-young's students have been identified so far, with a total of 165. Among his disciples, he taught students at major educational institutions, including the president of Dongguk University, a professor at Chung-Ang University, the president of Haein Temple Sangha University, the president of Donghwa Temple Sangha University, the president of Donghwasa Sangha University, the president of Unmun Temple Sangha University, and the president of Bongnyeong Temple Sangha University. There are also many disciples who held important positions in the Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism. The disciples of Seokjeon Park Han-yeong had a great influence on the development of modern Korean Buddhism and Buddhist studies.

Tuberculosis risk is associated with genetic polymorphisms in the LRP2, CUBN, and VDR genes

Sung‑Soo Kim,Sang In Lee,Hyun‑Seok Jin,Sangjung Park 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.10

Background Vitamin D (Vit. D) is used extensively during tuberculosis treatment. Low levels of serum Vit. D increase the risk of active tuberculosis development. Altered expression of the proteins involved in Vit. D metabolism impairs cathelicidin production, thereby increasing the host susceptibility to tuberculosis. Objective We are trying to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in LRP2, CUBN, and VDR genes could afect tuberculosis development. Methods We included participants of the Korean Association Resource (KARE), part of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), and used their recorded data. A total of 8840 people (4182 men and 4658 women) were eligible subjects. The 5-kb regions from the ends of transcripts of GC, LRP2, CUBN, and VDR genes were amplifed to select 13, 47, 70, and 15 SNPs, respectively. For association analysis and statistical analysis, PLINK version 1.07 and PASW Statistics version 18.0 were used. Results Signifcant correlation was observed in 11, 2, and 1 SNPs in LRP2, CUBN, and VDR genes. The efect of rs6747692 of LRP2 on transcription factor binding was confrmed using RegulomeDB. We confrmed that rs2239182 of VDR is located in the genomic eQTL region and can afect transcription factor binding and gene expression. Conclusions Genetic polymorphisms in genes encoding proteins involved in Vit. D metabolism infuence immune system components. Therefore, such polymorphisms may infuence the susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis invasion and alter the defense mechanisms against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The correlation between genetic variation and tuberculosis development can provide new guidelines for the management of tuberculosis.

Extension of Lance Life by Change of Height of Lances in the Smelting Furnace of Mitsubishi Process

Sung‑Mi Lim,Soo‑Sang Park,Kyung‑Woo Yi 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.10

A Mitsubishi process, which pertains to continuous Cu production, involves a smelting furnace, cleaning furnace, and convertingfurnace connected in series. One of the main issues pertaining to the smelting furnace is the frequent interruption ofoperations required to allow the inspection and replacement of lances, because lances are frequently fractured. The presentstudy was aimed at modifying the operating conditions of the smelting furnace to suppress lance fractures. A numericalmodel was developed to simulate the transport phenomena in the furnace, including multi-phase behaviors. The simulationresults showed that the lances were exposed to a severely erosive atmosphere with high temperatures. Further calculationindicated that raising the positions of the lances could lower the temperature of the lances, and reducing the occurrence ofsplashed melt, which contains erosive sulfides. The smelting furnace was operated under the conditions of the raised lanceheight and attentively monitored for several months. It was confirmed that by implementing such a change of the lanceheights, the occurrence of lance failures has been considerably reduced without notably affecting the reaction ability of thesmelting furnace.

Effect of Inhomogeneous Nucleation of Hydride at α/β Phase Boundary on Microstructure Evolution of Zr–2.5 wt%Nb Pressure Tube

Sung‑Soo Kim,Sangyeob Lim,Dong‑Hyun Ahn,Gyeong‑Geun Lee,Kunok Chang 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.4

We analyzed the microstructural characteristics such as number density and length and width of hydrides in Zr–2.5 wt%Nbpressure tube. The hydrogen was charged cathodically and the hydride-contained sample was evaluated using the advancedanalysis methodologies. We performed a diff erential scanning calorimetry analysis to more quantitatively understand thethermodynamics of the hydride formation/growth process. We characterized the micrograph of hydride-contained Zr samplesto estimate the microstructural characteristics of the matrix and hydrides. We investigated eff ects of hydrogen concentrationand microstructure of matrix on determining microstructural measures of the hydrides. Particularly, we found that β phasein the matrix becomes isolated during the heat treatment same or above 475 °C and this change increases the inhomogeneousnucleation sites signifi cantly. We claim that the microstructure change of this matrix phase greatly increases the numberdensity of hydride.

심폐소생술중 심실기능 및 판막운동의 평가

이부수,김영식,이강현,황성오,임경수,박금수,윤정한,안무업,최경훈 대한응급의학회 1994 대한응급의학회지 Vol.5 No.2

Background : Mechanism of blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) in humans remains controversial and poorly understood, although cardiac or thoracic pump theory was proposed. We investigated cardiac movement, ventricular function and atrioventricular valve motion with aid of transesophageal echocardiography during precordial compression during CPR in humans. Methods and results : During CPR transesophageal echocardiography was performed in 14 patients with non-traumatic cardiac arrest. Manual precordial compression during CPR was performed according to American Heart Association guidelines. Mitral valve closed in 9 and did not close in 5 patients during "compression systole". Tricuspid valve closed during compression systole. Compression vector directed to right ventricle, basal portion of interventricular septum and left atrium. The heart rotated clockwise and the apex was more displaced than the base("swing motion"). Fractional shortening(FS) and ejection fraction(EF) of right ventricle exceeded those of left ventricle(FS : 55±9% vs 18±8%, p<0.05), EF : 79±9% vs 37±16%, p<0.05). FS and EF of left ventricle was higher in patients with systolic mitral valve closure than patients with persistent systolic opening of mitral valve(FS : 21±7 vs 13±7%, EF : 45±12 vs 22±12%, p<0.05), but FS and EF of right ventricle was not different. Conclusion : During precordial compression, the heart rotated clockwise and displaced. Systolic function of right ventricle exceeded left ventricle. Marked compression of right ventricle and systolic closure of tricuspid valve suggested that right ventricle functioned as a pump generating blood flow during precordial compression. Closure of mitral valve was dependant on systolic function of the left ventricle.

音韻位階理論과 英語音 變化

郭聖洙 경성대학교 1986 부산수산대학 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

The aim of this paper is to account for the English assimilations in terms of strength hierarchy system. This paper is also to modify and supplement some deficits in my unworthy paper (Sung-Soo Kwak : 1984). English assimilatory and elision processes are thought to occur by the proper relation between the phonological strength hierarchy of each segments (dual strength hierarchy) and syllable-positional strength hierarchy. I set up tentatively dual strength hierarchy for English segments and syllable-positional strength hierarchy as follows, and have tried to justify them through English assimilatory and elision processes. (1) Dual strength hierarchy for English segments. (2)syllable-positional strength hierarchy $C₁C₂VC₃C₄$ Where C₁>C₂ C₁>C₄ C₄>C₃ First, voice assimilation is explained by proper relation between voice hierarchy and syllable-positional hierarchy. Secondly, place assimilation is explained by the place hierarchy and syllable-positional hierarchy. Thirdly, manner assimilation is explained only by the manner hierarchy. And syllable-positional strength hierarchy can be disregarded in terms of functional view even if certain consonant occupies the strongest position in syllable-initial. Finally, elision process is with by dual strength hierarchy.

연작업자들에서 혈중 및 골중 연량과 조혈기능 지표 사이의 관련성에 ALAD 다형질성이 미치는 영향

김화성,이성수,김용배,황보영,리갑수,안규동,장봉기,이병국 大韓産業醫學會 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.1

목 적 : 혈중 연량 및 골중 연량과 조혈기능의 생화학적 지표사이의 관련성에 f-aminolevinicacid dehydratase 효소의 유전형질의 다형질성이 어떠한 영향을 주는지를 알아보고자 연작업자 450명을 연폭로군으로 연폭로가 없는 85명을 대조군으로 선정하였다. 방 법 : 조혈기능의 생화학적 지표로는 혈중ZPP, 요중 ALA, 혈색소 및 혈구용적치를 택하였고, 이들 상호관계에 영향을 줄 수 있는 교란변수로서 성, 연령, BMI, 흡연습관, 음주습관 및 연작업자들의 경우 연폭로 기간을 조사하였다. 결 과 : 동형유전형질인 ALADI을 가진 연작업자들은 407명으로 전체의 90.4 %이었으며, 대조군에서도 77명으로 전체의 90.6 %로서 양군간에 차이가 없었다.동형 유전형질을 가진 연작업자들보다 이형 유전형질을 가진 연작업자들의 골중 연량과 혈중 ZPP의 평균값이 적었으나 통계적으로 유의하지 않았고 나머지 연구변수들의 평균도 유전형질의 구분에 따른차이는 없었다. 성, 직력, BMI, 흡연여부, 음주여부 등의 흔란변수를 통제한 후 혈중 연량 및 골중 연량과 ALAD유전형질이 혈색소에 미치는 영향을 구한 바 혈중 연량과 골중 연량만이 혈색소에 유의한 영향을 주었을뿐 ALAD 유전형질은 유의한 영향이 없었다. 반면에 혈구용적치의 경우에는 혈중 연량과 골중 연량 그리고 유전형질 모두가 유의한 영향을 주지 못했다.요중 ALA를 종속변수로 하고 관련 혼란변수를 통제한 후 혈중 연량과 ALAD 유전형질 그리고 양자의 교호작용을 독립변수로 한 회귀분석들에서 혈중 연량 및 골중 연량과 ALAD 유전형질 모두가 주효과(main effect) 및 교호작용(effect modifies-tion)이 유의하석 이형 ALAD 유전형질을 가진 연작업자들의 ALAU가 동형의 유전형질을 가진 연작업자들보다 상대적으로 낮은 값을 나타냈다.혈중 ZPP를 종속변수로 하고 관련 혼란변수를 통제한 후 혈중 연량과 ALAD 유전형질 그리고 양자의 교호작용을 독립변수로 한 회귀분석들에서 혈중연량 및 골중 연량과 ALAD 유전형질 모두가 음의주효과(maln effect)가 나타나서 이형 유전형질의 연작업자들의 혈중 ZPP가 동형 유전형질의 연작업자보다 상대적으로 적은 값을 나타냈으나 교호작용(effect modification)은 없었다. 결 론 : 상기 결과로 미루어 ALAD 유전형질은 혈색소에는 유의한 영향을 주지 못했으나 ALAU 및 혈중 ZPP에는 유의한 영향을 주어 동형의 유전형질인 연작업자보다 이형의 유전형질 연작업자들이 상대적으로 낮은 ALAU와 혈중 ZPP값을 보여주어이형유전형질이 연에 보호효과가 있다는 가설을 돼받침하였다 Objectives : To evaluate the effect of ALAD polymorphism on the relationship of blood and bone lead with hematologic biomarkers in lead exposed workers, 450 lead exposed workers and 85 non-lead exposed workers were selected. Methods : Blood lead and tibia bone lead were selected as parameters of lead exposure and blood ZPP, urinary ALA (ALAU) , hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) were chosen as parameters of hematologic effect of lead exposure. Genotype of each subject was assayed and expressed as ALADI and ALAD2. Demographic information such as sex, age and personal habit of smoking and drinking were collected. Job duration of lead exposed workers was also obtained. Results : The overall prevalence of the variant allele, ALAD2 in lead exposed workers was 9.6 %(43 out of 450 lead workers) which was not differed from control workers (9.4 % : 8 out of 85) . The means of tibial lead and blond ZPP in lead workers with ALAD2 were lower than those of lead workers with ALAD1, but the differences were not statistically significant. After adjusting for possible confounders (sex, job duration, BMI, drinking and smoking status) only blood lead and bone lead contributed negatively to the level of hemoglobin with statistical significance without any contribution of ALAD genotype. On the other hand, no significant effect of blood lead, bone lead and ALAD genotype were observed on the level of hematocrit after controlling possible confounder. ALAD genotype in the multiple regression analysis of blood lead fed bone lead with log transformed urinary ALA (LogALAU) after adjusting for possible confounders showed significant main and interaction effect on LogALAU simultaneously, which resulted lower LogALAU in lead exposed workers of ALAD2 than ALAD1. It was also observed only main effect of ALAD gene type on blood ZPP after adjusting possible confounder resulting lower ZPP in lead workers of ALAD2 than ALAD1. Conclusions : With above results, it was found that ALAD polymorphism did not affect on the level of hemoglobin and hematocrit, but ALAD polymorphism made significant effect on the association of blood and bone lead with urinary ALA and blood ZPP. The lower urinary ALA and blood ZPP in ALAD2 lead workers suggested that ALAD2 genotype may be supportive for the protective effect of lead.

납 노출 근로자들에서 ALAD 및 VDR의 다형질성이 조혈기능 지표에 미치는 영향

이성수,김남수,김진호,김용배,황보영,김화성,안규동,이병국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Objectives: This study was conducted with new workers who entered lead industries from 1992 to 2001 to evaluate the genetic susceptibility of ALAD (δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase) and VDR (vitamin D receptor) gene on health effect of lead exposure. Methods: Among the subjects of the database of lead industries at the Soonchunhyang University Institute of Industrial Medicine, only new workers were selected for this study. The total of eligible workers for this category was 3,540 workers, including non lead exposed workers of same lead industries. From stored blood in specimen bank of Soonchunhyang University, genotype of ALAD and VDR were measured using PCR method. Variables for this study were blood lead as an index of lead exposure, ZPP (zinc protoporphyrin in blood), urine ALA (δ-aminolevulinic acid), and hemoglobin as an index of hematopoietic effect of lead. Information on sex, job duration, and weight were collected for personal information. The data were analyzed using SAS (version 8.2) with descriptive analysis of t-test and multiple regression analysis. Results: Among 3,540 new employed study subjects during period of 1992-2001, 3,204 workers (90.5%) had ALAD genotype 1-1, while 336 workers (9.5%) had variant type of ALAD (1-2 or 2-2). For VDR genotype, 2,903 workers (89.7%) out of total tested 3,238 workers were belonged to type bb and 335 workers (10.5%) were type bB or BB. The distribution of genotype of ALAD and VDR were not different according to the job duration in male workers, but were different in female workers. The effect of ALAD and VDR genotype on blood lead were positively significant in the analysis of all cumulative data of new employed workers for 10 years. The effect of VDR genotype on blood lead were stronger than that of ALAD While the variant ALAD gene made decrease of mean ZPP and ALA in urine after controlling for blood lead and other covariate, the variant VDR gene made increased the mean ZPP and ALA in urine in all cumulative data analysis and cross sectional analysis by job duration. For hemoglobin, ALAD and VDR genotype did not affect the mean value. Conclusions: From the above our results, we found that ALAD and VDR genotype exerted significant effect in various way. We confirmed that the finding of a cross sectional study of protective effect of variant ALAD on the effect blood lead on blood ZPP in our retrospective study design. It was found that VDR did not exert protective effect for lead exposure as the variant ALAD did.