SLOW TIME ACCELERATION ON VARIABLE GEOMETRY DUAL THRUST MOTORS

Sukumaran Ajith,C.A. Kim(김종암) 한국전산유체공학회 2018 한국전산유체공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.5

Role of dietary ginger Zingiber officinale in improving growth performances and immune functions of Labeo rohita fingerlings

Sukumaran, V.,Park, S.C.,Giri, S.S. Academic Press 2016 Fish & Shellfish Immunology Vol.57 No.-

This study evaluated the effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale) as a feeding supplement on the growth, skin mucus immune parameters, and cytokine-related gene expression of Labeo rohita, and its susceptibility to Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Diets containing six different concentrations of dried ginger (0% [basal diet], 0.2% [G2], 0.4% [G4], 0.6% [G6], 0.8% [G8], and 1.0% [G10] were fed to fish (average weight: 12.3 g) for 60 days. Growth parameters were examined at 30 and 60 days post-feeding. Skin mucosal immune responses and gene expression were examined 60 days post-feeding. Results showed that growth parameters such as final weight gain (93.47 +/- 1.73 g) and specific growth rate (3.41 +/- 0.14) were significantly higher in G8 than in the control. Among the skin mucosal immune parameters examined, lysozyme (46.5 +/- 3.8 U mg<SUP>-1</SUP>), immunoglobulin level (8.9 +/- 0.4 unit-mg mL<SUP>-1</SUP>), protein level (44.3 +/- 2.2 mg mL<SUP>-1</SUP>) were significantly higher in G8. However, alkaline phosphatase activity (171.6 +/- 10.2 IU L<SUP>-1</SUP>) was high (P < 0.05) in the G10 group. Skin mucus of G8 exhibited significantly higher inhibition zones when tested against pathogenic bacterial strains. For cytokine-related genes, anti-oxidant genes (zinc/copper superoxide dismutase [SOD1], glutathione peroxidase [GPx], anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-10 [IL-10], transforming growth factor-beta [TGF-β]), signalling molecules nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 [Nrf2], and Inhibitor protein κBα [IκB-α]) were all up-regulated in the head kidney, intestine, and hepatopancreas of fish that were fed experimental diets. In addition, expression abundance was significantly higher in most tissues in G2 and/or G10, than in the control. Conversely, expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, tumour necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]), signalling molecules Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), and nuclear factor kappa B p65 (NF-κBp65) were down-regulated in treatment groups. Moreover, fish fed a 0.8% [G8] ginger supplemented diet exhibited significantly higher relative post-challenge survival (65.52%) against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Collectively, these results suggest that dietary supplements of ginger (at 0.8%) can promote growth performance, skin mucus immune parameters, and strengthen immunity of L. rohita. Therefore, ginger represents a promising food additive for carps in aquaculture.

Association of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 Variants with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Susceptibility in a South Indian Population

Anil, Sukumaran,Gopikrishnan, PB,Basheer, Ashik Bin,Vidyullatha, BG,Alogaibi, Yahya A,Chalisserry, Elna P,Javed, Fawad,Dalati, MHN,Vellappally, Sajith,Hashem, Mohamed Ibrahim,Divakar, Darshan Devang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.8

Background: Oral cancers account for approximately 2% of all cancers diagnosed each year; however, the vast majority (80%) of the affected individuals are smokers whose risk of developing a lesion is five to nine times greater than that of non-smokers. Tobacco smoke contains numerous carcinogens that cause DNA damage, including oxidative lesions that are removed effectively by the base-excision repair (BER) pathway, in which poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), plays key roles. Genetic variations in the genes encoding DNA repair enzymes may alter their functions. Several studies reported mixed effects on the association between PARP-1 variants and the risk of cancer development. Till now no reported studies have investigated the association between PARP-1 variants and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) risk in an Indian population. Materials and Methods: In the present case control study 100 OSCC patients and 100 matched controls were genotyped using PARP1 single nucleotide peptides (SNP's) rs1136410 and rs3219090 using TaqMan assays. Results: The results indicated significantly higher risk with PARP1 rs1136410 minor allele "C" (OR=1.909; p=0.02942; CI, 1.060-3.439). SNP rs1136410 also showed significantly increased risk in patients with smoking habit at C/C genotype and at minor allele C. Conclusions: The PAPR-1 Ala762Val polymorphism may play a role in progression of OSCC. Larger studies with a greater number of samples are needed to verify these findings.

SWITCH : new routes across electricity and urbanism

Ashok Sukumaran 아트센터나비미술관 2005 아트센터나비 국제학술강연회 Vol.2005 No.10

Anatomical variations of the hepatic artery in it’s extra hepatic journey: a cadaveric study with its clinical implications

Tintu Thottiyil Sukumaran,Susan Joseph,Swapna Ramakrishnan,Asha Joselet Mathew 대한해부학회 2022 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.55 No.3

Vascular anomalies are a serendipitous finding during surgeries and diagnostic angiography. Such variations are frequently encountered in the abdominal region. These anomalies are usually asymptomatic but the presence of hepatic arterial variations may lead to injuries of the liver during surgery. The present study was conducted on 35 adult embalmed cadavers, 31 males, 4 females from August 2015 to December 2021 in the Department of Anatomy, Amrita School of Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi. In this study of 35 cadavers, we present 3 variants: an accessory right hepatic artery, replaced common hepatic artery, replaced common hepatic artery anastomosis with accessory left hepatic artery and an arc of Buhler. One of our variants has not yielded a precedent in literature search. We have compared these variants with Michels and Hiatt classification. It is known that different variants arise at distinct stages of embryonic development. As specialists in anatomy, we have tried to correlate the variants in our study with their embryological origins.

Hydroxyapatite Derived from Marine Resources and their Potential Biomedical Applications

Jayachandran Venkatesan,Sukumaran Anil 한국생물공학회 2021 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.26 No.3

Utilization of bone graft substitutes have increased due to the rising number of accidents, trauma, and aging population. Autograft is still considered as a gold standard for treating bone defects. However, limitations such as insufficient donor sites and secondary surgery, leads to the development of alternative grafts. Hydroxyapatite (HA) from natural resources gained much attention in recent years as a bone graft substitute due to its biocompatibility, excellent osteointegration, osteoconductive, and osteoinductive properties. In the current review, we have presented the isolation procedures of HA from marine fishbone and cuttlefish bone. Further, composite preparation using marine derived HA with other polymeric and ceramic materials were discussed, and cell-materials interaction were reviewed in detail towards bone tissue construction. Composite biomaterials with HA showed better cell proliferation, cell adhesion, increased gene expression (collagen, osteocalcin, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, BMP- 2 etc.), and in vivo studies demonstrated significant bone formation with HA composite materials. Hence, composite biomaterials with hydroxyapatite will be potential candidates for artificial synthetic bone graft substitute.

Miniaturized Bandpass Filters as Ultrathin 3-D IPDs and Embedded Thinfilms in 3-D Glass Modules

Sitaraman, Srikrishna,Sukumaran, Vijay,Pulugurtha, Markondeya Raj,Zihan Wu,Suzuki, Yuya,Youngwoo Kim,Sundaram, Venky,Joungho Kim,Tummala, Rao R. IEEE 2017 IEEE transactions on components, packaging, and ma Vol.7 No.9

<P>This paper presents the modeling, design, fabrication, and characterization of an innovative and miniaturized thin-film bandpass filter with coupled spiral structures in ultrathin glass substrates (30-100 mu m). This filter is demonstrated for two applications: 3-D integrated passive devices and embedded thinfilm filters in RF modules. A compact filter design was achieved through an integrated resonant structure that effectively utilizes the inductive and capacitive coupling between metal layers on either side of an ultrathin glass substrate or organic build-up layer. The designed filters (layout area <1 mm 2 with 80-150 mu m device thickness) were fabricated on a 30-mu m-thin glass substrate using a panel-based low-cost approach with double-side thin-film wiring processes. The effect of process variations on the performance of the proposed structures was also studied. Furthermore, an improved WLAN filter is designed and demonstrated by employing specific structural modifications. The measured frequency response of the filters shows good model-to-hardware correlation, with very low insertion loss (0.6 dB) in the passband, and high adjacent-band rejection (>25 dB).</P>

Optimal user selection and power allocation for revenue maximization in non‐orthogonal multiple access systems

Sindhu Pazhayakandathil,Sukumaran Abdul,Hameed Koodamannu 한국전자통신연구원 2019 ETRI Journal Vol.41 No.5

A novel algorithm for joint user selection and optimal power allocation for Stackelberg game‐based revenue maximization in a downlink non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) network is proposed in this study. The condition for the existence of optimal solution is derived by assuming perfect channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter. The Lagrange multiplier method is used to convert the revenue maximization problem into a set of quadratic equations that are reduced to a regular chain of expressions. The optimal solution is obtained via a univariate iterative procedure. A simple algorithm for joint optimal user selection and power calculation is presented and exhibits extremely low complexity. Furthermore, an outage analysis is presented to evaluate the performance degradation when perfect CSI is not available. The simulation results indicate that at 5‐dB signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), revenue of the base station improves by at least 15.2% for the proposed algorithm when compared to suboptimal schemes. Other performance metrics of NOMA, such as individual user‐rates, fairness index, and outage probability, approach near‐optimal values at moderate to high SNRs.

Growth of Escherichia coli in Iron-enriched Medium Increases HPI Catalase Activity

( Tarrik Zaid ),( Trivandrum Sukumaran Nair Srikumar ),( Ludmil Benov ) 생화학분자생물학회 2003 BMB Reports Vol.36 No.6

Escherichia coli has two catalases, HPI and HPII. HPI is induced during logarithmic growth in response to low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. This induction is OxyR-dependent. On the other hand, HPII is not peroxide-inducible but is induced in entry to the stationary phase. We demonstrate here that E. coli displayed higher HPI catalase activity when compared to the cultures that were grown in a normal medium, if grown in a medium supplemented with iron-citrate. Iron supplementation had no effect on HPII catalase. This increase of HPI activity was OxyR-independent and not observed in a Afur mutant. The physiological significance of the increase of HPI activity is unclear, but it appears that the katG gene that codes for HPI catalase is among the genes that are regulated by Fur.

Growth of Escherichia coli in Iron-enriched Medium Increases HPI Catalase Activity

Zaid, Tarrik,Srikumar, Trivandrum Sukumaran Nair,Benov, Ludmil Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2003 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.36 No.6

Escherichia coli has two catalases, HPI and HPII. HPI is induced during logarithmic growth in response to low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. This induction is OxyR-dependent. On the other hand, HPII is not peroxide-inducible but is induced in entry to the stationary phase. We demonstrate here that E. coli displayed higher HPI catalase activity when compared to the cultures that were grown in a normal medium, if grown in a medium supplemented with iron-citrate. Iron supplementation had no effect on HPII catalase. This increase of HPI activity was OxyR-independent and not observed in a ${\Delta}fur$ mutant. The physiological significance of the increase of HPI activity is unclear, but it appears that the katG gene that codes for HPI catalase is among the genes that are regulated by Fur.