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Lee, Su-Un,Jung, Hayoon,Wi, Dae Han,Hong, Jong Wook,Sung, Jiha,Choi, Sang-Il,Han, Sang Woo The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.6 No.9
<P>Plasmonic metal-semiconductor heteronanostructures with controlled topologies have attracted increasing attention as promising platforms for the efficient conversion of solar to chemical energy. Herein, we describe a novel synthesis route toward the formation of heteronanostructures with plasmonic metal yolks and semiconductor shells, which can enable the enhancement of light harvesting efficiency. Au nanorod-CdS yolk-shell nanostructures with well-defined structural configurations were realized by sulfidation and a subsequent cation exchange reaction with pre-synthesized Au nanorod@Ag core-shell nanostructures. The prepared yolk-shell nanostructures showed superior photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance under visible light irradiation over their core-shell nanostructured counterparts, CdS hollow nanoparticles, and Au nanorods. A series of mechanistic studies on the photocatalysis distinctly corroborated that the pronounced photocatalytic function of the yolk-shell nanostructures is due to the synergism between the radiative relaxation of the plasmon energy of the Au nanorod yolks and the multiple reflections of the incident light within their voids provided by the yolk-shell structure, which can promote the light absorption of CdS that can drive the photocatalysis. This study can provide a new perspective for designing hetero-nanoarchitectures with intended structures and desired functions.</P>
Ryu Byung-Han,Hong Sun In,Lim Su Jin,Cho Younghwa,Hwang Cheolgu,Kang Hyungseok,Kim Si-Ho,Wi Yu Mi,Hong Kyung-Wook,Bae In-Gyu,Cho Oh-Hyun 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.49
Background: Data on severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) delta variant virulence are insufficient. We retrospectively compared the clinical features of adult coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients without risk factors for severe COVID-19 who entered residential treatment centers (RTCs) before and after the delta variant outbreak. Methods: We collected medical information from two RTCs in South Korea. On the basis of nationwide delta variant surveillance, we divided the patients into two groups: 1) the delta-minor group (diagnosed from December 2020–June 2021, detection rate < 10%) and 2) the delta-dominant group (diagnosed during August 2021, detection rate > 90%). After propensity-score matching, the incidences of pneumonia, hospital transfer and need for supplemental oxygen were compared between the groups. In addition, risk factors for hospital transfer were analysed. Results: A total of 1,915 patients were included. The incidence of pneumonia (14.6% vs. 9.2%, P = 0.009), all-cause hospital transfer (10.4% vs. 6.3%, P = 0.020) and COVID-19- related hospital transfer (7.5% vs. 4.8%, P = 0.081) were higher in the delta-dominant group than those in the delta-minor group. In the multivariate analysis, the delta-dominant group was an independent risk factor for all-cause (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–3.13; P = 0.011) and COVID-19-related hospital transfer (aOR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.04–3.32; P = 0.036). Conclusion: Hospitalization rates were increased in the adult COVID-19 patients during the delta variant nationwide outbreak. Our results showed that the delta variant may be more virulent than previous lineages.
Kang, Young-Su,Ko, Jeong-Hoon,Han, Man-Wi,Bae, Yeon-Jae,Kim, Yong-Gyun Korean Society of Applied Entomology 2005 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.8 No.3
The Oriental mayfly, Ephemera orientalis McLachlan, 1875 (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae), can be a promising candidate used for monitoring environmental risk in aquatic ecosystem. Its quite large distribution in varying polluted areas raises a hypothesis of its genetic variability due to local selection and adaptation according to environmental hazard gradient. Before addressing the hypothesis, we needed to have polymorphic loci to discriminate individuals and characterize a specific population. For this reason, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase-I subunit (mtCO-I) was chosen because of its relatively high mutational rate among mitochondrial genome. Two regional E. orientalis populations were obtained at Andong and Hoengseong, where few industrial complexes were located and could be regarded as being conserved in genetic variability. The amplified product showed ${\approx}550$ bp in all tested samples and digested with Alu I and Rsa I. Alu I cuts one site in wild type (major), but two sites in variants. Rsa I cuts one site in both wild and variant samples, but differed in position of the restriction site. With these markers, Andong and Hoengseong populations recorded variant ratios of 1.7% and 30.0%, respectively. However, wide-regional sample including collections from North Korea, China, Japan, and Russia did not show any variant types in this analysis, probably due to quite small numbers of samples (one or two) in each location. In highly polymorphic Hoengseong population, thorax morphological characters reflected the restriction site polymorphism.
Lee, Jin Kyung,Han, Eun-Ae,Lee, Seung-Sook,Ha, Wi-Ho,Barquinero, Joan Francesc,Lee, Hyo Rak,Cho, Min Su Oxford University Press 2012 JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH Vol.53 No.6
<P>Individuals who traveled to contaminated areas after the Fukushima nuclear accident have concerns about the health effects. However, medical follow-up for any adverse health effects will be difficult without personal dose measurements. Cytogenetic biodosimetry is a reasonable method of assessing absorbed doses retrospectively. We analyzed dicentric chromosomes for 265 Fukushima travelers, mostly journalists and rescue workers, who had been dispatched to northeastern Japan during the nuclear emergency. As a control group, 37 healthy volunteers who had not visited Japan since the accident were enrolled. Yields of dicentrics and absorbed doses calculated from a dose-response calibration curve for travelers and the control group were compared. The cut-off level for dicentric chromosomes in the controls was 3.5 per 1000 cells. Of the 265 travelers, 31 had elevated numbers of dicentrics (High-Dics group) while 234 were below the cut-off (Normal-Dics group). All but one of the individuals in the High-Dics group also reported a significantly higher number of medical exposures to radiation within the past three years compared with the Normal-Dics or control groups. The 225 travelers with no history of medical exposure showed no difference of dicentrics yield compared to the control group. Our data indicate that Fukushima travel alone did not enhance the yield of dicentrics.</P>
Development of a minipig physical phantom from CT data
Park, Sooyeun,Lee, Pilsoo,Ha, Wi-Ho,Kim, Han Sung,Park, Byeong Ryong,Kim, Jae ,Seok,Shim, Sehwan,Park, Sunhoo,Kim, Young-su,Kim, Chan Hyeong,Jin, Young-Woo JAPAN RADIATION RESEACH SOCIETY 2017 JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH Vol.58 No.5
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>Quantification of pathological progression of radiation-induced injury is essential in development of treatment methods, and a proper animal model is necessary for relevant radiological and medical studies. A minipig is a current animal model selected because of its similarities to humans in anatomy and pathology. In the present study, a minipig physical phantom was developed using computed tomography (CT) data. For dosimetry purposes, the minipig physical phantom was constructed on a slice-by-slice basis, with an array of holes to accommodate dosimeters. The phantom is constituted of three major organs, i.e. bone, lung, and remaining soft tissue, and the organs are clearly distinguishable on each 20-mm-thick axial slice. The quality of the tissue-equivalent (TE) substitutes was analyzed in terms of the atomic compositions and Hounsfield units (HUs). The density (in g/cm<SUP>3</SUP>) and effective atomic number of TE substitutes for the bone, lung, and soft tissue are 1.4 and 7.9, 0.5 and 10.0, and 1.0 and 5.9, respectively. Although the TE substitutes have slightly different physical properties, we think the phantom is acceptable because the HU values of the TE substitutes lie in the HU range of real tissues.</P>