Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Polymorphisms as Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers in Ovarian Cancer Risk

Gao, Song,Liu, Ning,Ma, Yang,Ying, Liu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.2

Early diagnosis and better prognosis of ovarian cancer is still a challenge. Besides environmental risk factors, genetic factors have established a role in pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. Methods: A case-control and a prospective study design conducted in 224 ovarian cancer patients and 432 controls in Chinese population. MTHFR C677T genotyping was done by PCR-RFLP. Results: Patients with ovarian cancer is associated with a higher less number of delivery and less frequent oral contraceptive use. When potential confounding factors adjusted logistic regression analysis between cases and controls were performed, significant association was obtained for 677T/T genotype and ovarian cancer (OR=3.13, 95% CI=1.59-5.72). Cox regression survival analysis showed individuals carrying T/T genotype had significantly increased HR for death in ovarian cancer patients (HR=2.86, 95% CI=1.27-7.93). In conclusion, we observed that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism is associated with the susceptibility and survival of ovarian cancer in Chinese population.

Effect of Different Tumbling Marination Treatments on the Quality Characteristics of Prepared Pork Chops

Gao, Tian,Li, Jiaolong,Zhang, Lin,Jiang, Yun,Ma, Ruixue,Song, Lei,Gao, Feng,Zhou, Guanghong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.2

The effect of different tumbling marination treatments (control group, CG; conventional static marination, SM; vacuum continuous tumbling marination, CT; vacuum intermittent tumbling marination, IT) on the quality characteristics of prepared pork chops was investigated under simulated commercial conditions. The CT treatment increased (p<0.05) the pH value, $b^*$ value, product yield, tenderness, overall flavor, sensory juiciness and overall acceptability in comparison to other treatments for prepared boneless pork chops. The CT treatment decreased (p<0.05) cooking loss, shear force value, hardness, gumminess and chewiness compared with other treatments. In addition, CT treatment effectively improved springiness and sensory color more than other treatments. However, IT treatment achieved the numerically highest (p<0.05) $L^*$ and $a^*$ values. These results suggested that CT treatment obtained the best quality characteristics of prepared pork chops and should be adopted as the optimal commercial processing method for this prepared boneless pork chops.

Microstructure and Properties of Er - SiOX Films Synthesized by Ion Beam Assisted Deposition

Gao Song Duan,Shu Qing Zheng,Xiao Juan Zhang,Qing Yu,Wang Liang 한국진공학회(ASCT) 2002 Journal of Korean Vacuum Science & Technology Vol.6 No.2

Er doped SiO_x films have been synthesized by ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD). The morphology and microstructure of films and their annealing behaviors have been examined by using scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. The composition and properties of films have been systematically investigated.

대용량 공간데이터베이스를 위한 확장된 밀도-격자 기반의 공간 클러스터링 알고리즘

Song Gao,김호석,Ying Xia,김경배,배해영 한국정보처리학회 2006 정보처리학회논문지D Vol.13 No.6

Spatial clustering, which groups similar objects based on their distance, connectivity, or their relative density in space, is an important component of spatial data mining. Density-based and grid-based clustering are two main clustering approaches. The former is famous for its capability of discovering clusters of various shapes and eliminating noises, while the latter is well known for its high speed. Clustering large data sets has always been a serious challenge for clustering algorithms, because huge data set would make the clustering process extremely costly. In this paper, we propose an enhanced Density-Grid based Clustering algorithm for Large spatial database by setting a default number of intervals and removing the outliers effectively with the help of a proper measurement to identify areas of high density in the input data space. We use a density threshold DT to recognize dense cells before neighbor dense cells are combined to form clusters. When proposed algorithm is performed on large dataset, a proper granularity of each dimension in data space and a density threshold for recognizing dense areas can improve the performance of this algorithm. We combine grid-based and density-based methods together to not only increase the efficiency but also find clusters with arbitrary shape. Synthetic datasets are used for experimental evaluation which shows that proposed mothod has high performance and accuracy in the experiments. 공간 데이터마이닝 분야에서 객체간의 거리, 연결성, 상대적인 밀도를 기반으로 비슷한 객체들을 하나의 그룹으로 묶는 공간 클러스터링은 중요한 컴포넌트이다. 공간 클러스터링 알고리즘은 밀도 기반 클러스터링과 격자 기반 클러스터링 알고리즘 등으로 나눌 수 있다. 밀도 기반 클러스터링 알고리즘은 다양한 모양과 크기의 클러스터를 구분할 수 있으며, 잡음을 제거할 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있는 반면에, 격자 기반 클러스터링 처리속도가 빠르다는 장점을 가지고 있다. 하지만, 대량의 공간 데이터 집합을 클러스터링 하는 것은 데이터 처리 비용이 급격하게 증가하기 때문에 클러스터링 처리 결과에 큰 영향을 준다. 본 논문은 대용량의 공간 데이터베이스에서 공간 객체간의 고밀도 영역을 식별하여 잡음을 제거하기 위한 수치데이터 값과 기본 격자간격 개수를 정의하는 확장된 밀도-격자 기반 클러스터링 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안 알고리즘은 고밀도 영역 식별을 위하여 threashold(DT)를 정의하였으며, 격자 및 밀도 기반 기법의 장점을 이용하여 임의의 객체 클러스터링을 식별할 수 있는 성능을 향상시켰다. 성능평가에서 기존의 클러스터링 알고리즘과의 다양한 비교 평가 실험을 통하여, 제안 알고리즘이 빠르고 정확한 데이터 클러스터링 결과를 나타냄을 보인다.

Chemical vapor deposition growth of large-scale hexagonal boron nitride with controllable orientation

Song, X.,Gao, J.,Nie, Y.,Gao, T.,Sun, J.,Ma, D.,Li, Q.,Chen, Y.,Jin, C.,Bachmatiuk, A. Springer Science + Business Media 2015 NANO RESEARCH Vol.8 No.10

Particle Filter Target Tracking Algorithm Based on MCMC Iteration Cubature

Song Gao,Yenan Liu,Chaobo Chen 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.9

In view of the problem of particle degradation and tracking accuracy in the standard particle filter tracking target algorithm, a new improved particle filter algorithm called Iterated Cubature Kalman Particle Filter (ICKPF) is proposed in this paper. The new ICKPF algorithm is based on the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), and the cubature rule based on numerical integration method is used to calculate the mean and covariance, which generates the proposal distribution for the particle filter. The current measurements are integrated into the proposal distribution. Therefore, degree of approximation to the system posterior density is improved. Simulation results show that the estimation error of the ICKPF-MCMC algorithm is much better than other algorithms.

Service Quality on Consumer Loyalty in Chinese Auto Service Shops through Mediating Effects of Consumer Satisfaction and Moderating Effects of Switching Costs : Theoretical Framework and Empirical Analysis

Gao, Song,Lim, Sung-Hoon 한국국제경영관리학회 2021 국제경영리뷰 Vol.25 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 중국소비자들이 자동차 4S 전문점의 A/S 품질에 대한 지각과 만족도를 형성 과정에서 소비자만족도의 매개효과와 전환비용의 조절효과를 검증하는데 두고 있다. 연구가설의 입증을 위해 237개의 표본을 수집하고 이에 대해 구조방정식모형을 통한 경로분석을 실시한다. 실증분석 결과, 첫째, 4S 전문점의 A/S 품질과 소비자 만족도, 소비자 만족도와 충성도 간에 직접적인 정(正)의 인과관계성이 존재하며, 둘째, 이 과정에서 소비자만족도이 이들 정의 관계성에서 매개효과로 작용함을 알 수 있다. 셋째, 전환비용은 조절변수로서 서비스품질과 상호작용하면서 소비자충성도에 영향을 미치는 결과를 입증하였다. 본 연구의 시사점으로서 중국 4S 전문 점은 내재적 전환비용과 연계적 전환비용을 적극적으로 이용할 것과, 내재적 전환비용의 비중을 증대하는 방법을 통해서 소비자의 전 환의도를 약화시키며 자동차서비스제공업체의 경쟁우위를 확보될 수 있을 것이다. Research increasingly suggests the importance of switching costs in customer retention strategies. The aim of this paper is to examine the mediating effects of consumer satisfaction and the moderating effects of switching costs in the process of Chinese consumers forming satisfaction about service quality of 4S Auto Shop. Samples of this study were distributed to Chinese consumers from May 1 to May 7, 2017. For a total of 239 collected questionnaires. To verify the study hypothesis, path analysis on 237 collected samples is conducted through the structural equation model. The empirical analysis result shows that, firstly, there is a direct positive correlation relationship between service quality of 4S Auto Shop and consumer satisfaction, service quality of 4S Auto Shop and consumer loyalty, as well as between consumer satisfaction and loyalty; secondly, consumer satisfaction acts as a mediator in this process. Thirdly, switching costs was found to have a positive impact on consumer’s loyalty through interaction with service quality as a moderator. In other words, the moderating effect of switching costs on the relationship between relationship service quality of 4S Auto Shop and customer loyalty is significant. This paper implicates that, service providers of 4S auto shops to obtain higher profits, they need to build strong ties with consumers, increase personalization or provide additional services. In other words, consumer loyalty can be strengthened by efforts to maximize associated switching costs rather than inherent switching costs.

Vertically integrated visible and near-infrared metasurfaces enabling an ultra-broadband and highly angle-resolved anomalous reflection

Gao, Song,Lee, Sang-Shin,Kim, Eun-Soo,Choi, Duk-Yong The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Nanoscale Vol.10 No.26

<P>An optical device with minimized dimensions, which is capable of efficiently resolving an ultra-broad spectrum into a wide splitting angle but incurring no spectrum overlap, is of importance in advancing the development of spectroscopy. Unfortunately, this challenging task cannot be easily addressed through conventional geometrical or diffractive optical elements. Herein, we propose and demonstrate vertically integrated visible and near-infrared metasurfaces which render an ultra-broadband and highly angle-resolved anomalous reflection. The proposed metasurface capitalizes on a supercell that comprises two vertically concatenated trapezoid-shaped aluminum antennae, which are paired with a metallic ground plane <I>via</I> a dielectric layer. Under normal incidence, reflected light within a spectral bandwidth of 1000 nm ranging from <I>λ</I> = 456 nm to 1456 nm is efficiently angle-resolved to a single diffraction order with no spectrum overlap <I>via</I> the anomalous reflection, exhibiting an average reflection efficiency over 70% and a substantial angular splitting of 58°. In light of a supercell pitch of 1500 nm, to the best of our knowledge, the micron-scale bandwidth is the largest ever reported. It is noted that the substantially wide bandwidth has been accomplished by taking advantage of spectral selective vertical coupling effects between antennae and ground plane. In the visible regime, the upper antenna primarily renders an anomalous reflection by cooperating with the lower antenna, which in turn cooperates with the ground plane and produces phase variations leading to an anomalous reflection in the near-infrared regime. Misalignments between the two antennae have been particularly inspected to not adversely affect the anomalous reflection, thus guaranteeing enhanced structural tolerance of the proposed metasurface.</P>

Multi-points 3D Stretch-Press-Bending Process for Forming of W-Shaped Mirror-Symmetrical Structural Parts

Song Gao,Yingli Sun,Qihan Li,Tonggui He,Jicai Liang 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.23 No.3

To improve the aerodynamic performance of high-end equipment, the mirror-symmetrically 3D curved aluminum structural parts are increasingly assembled in the manufacturing industry. A new type of multi-points 3D stretch-press-bending (3D SPB) process for forming this kind of component is proposed in this paper. A prototype of this process is developed. The 3D SPB experiments are carried out. This new process realizes the complex bending for multi-directional curvature radius, which increases the material utilization by 6.79% and doubles the production efficiency. Then, the numerical simulation models are established. It has a good prediction result for the 3D springback. The maximum relative error of springback prediction is less than 20%. Besides, the effect of pre-stretching and post-stretching are investigated, which determines the most suitable forming parameters at s pre-stretching and 0.3 s post-stretching. At last, the springback direct compensation method is applied to the precise forming of the target part. Though two times adjustment, the deviation reduces effectively. The precise forming experiment is carried out based on the optimized forming parameters. The maximum total deviation is 1.52 mm, which satisfies the forming requirement. The 3D SPB process achieves the pairwise forming of the W-shaped mirror-symmetric structural parts and improves production efficiency.

All-dielectric metasurfaces for simultaneously realizing polarization rotation and wavefront shaping of visible light

Gao, Song,Park, Chul-Soon,Lee, Sang-Shin,Choi, Duk-Yong The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Nanoscale Vol.11 No.9

<P>All-dielectric metasurfaces have shown unprecedented abilities to control light polarization and phase, yet most previous relevant studies have been mainly limited to cross-polarized schemes. This paper presents dielectric metasurfaces that incorporate distinct half-waveplate-like hydrogenated amorphous silicon nanoposts and are shown to manipulate the wavefront of transmitted visible light exhibiting controllable linear polarization angles. An anomalous beam deflector is designed, and high performances including an absolute deflection efficiency of 82%, a polarization conversion efficiency of 96%, and an extinction ratio of 37 dB are first demonstrated in the cross-polarized scheme. Furthermore, the anomalously deflected light could hold a high degree of linear polarization (>0.96), which can be continuously rotated by varying the incident polarization angle. Based on this principle, we fabricate a metalens and experimentally observe the light focusing phenomenon at the location designed for the cross-polarized light. Moreover, the rotation of the linear polarization angle corresponding to the output focused beam spot is successfully validated by tailoring the incident polarization angle. The developed metalens can therefore be treated as equivalent to the combination of a half-waveplate and focusing lens. The proposed ultra-thin dielectric metasurfaces, which do not require the alignment of multiple elements, could be used to facilitate the development of ultra-compact photonics systems.</P>