Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: present status and future directions

Somy Yoon,Gwang Hyeon Eom 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-

The clinical importance of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has recently become apparent. HFpEF refers to heart failure (HF) symptoms with normal or near-normal cardiac function on echocardiography. Common clinical features of HFpEF include diastolic dysfunction, reduced compliance, and ventricular hypokinesia. HFpEF differs from the better-known HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Despite having a “preserved ejection fraction,” patients with HFpEF have symptoms such as shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and limited exercise capability. Furthermore, the mortality rate and cumulative survival rate are as severe in HFpEF as they are in HFrEF. While betablockers and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system modulators can improve the survival rate in HFrEF, no known therapeutic agents show similar effectiveness in HFpEF. Researchers have examined molecular events in the development of HFpEF using small and middle-sized animal models. This review discusses HFpEF with regard to etiology and clinical features and introduces the use of mouse and other animal models of human HFpEF.

Antibacterial activity of a disaccharide isolated from<i>Streptomyces</i>sp. strain JJ45 against<i>Xanthomonas</i>sp.

Kang, Yoon-Suk,Lee, Yukyung,Cho, Somi K.,Lee, Keun-Hwa,Kim, Bum-Joon,Kim, Minkyun,Lim, Yoongho,Cho, Moonjae Oxford University Press 2009 FEMS microbiology letters Vol.294 No.1

<P>Of the 316 actinomycetes strains isolated from various habitats, Streptomyces sp. strain JJ45 showed the strongest antibiotic activity against the plant pathogenic bacteria Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and was thus chosen for further study. The 16S rRNA gene sequence (1500 bp) and rpoB gene partial sequence (306 bp) of Streptomyces strains JJ45A and JJ45B were determined. The respective strain JJ45B sequences exhibited 96.8% identity with the Streptococcus gelaticus 16S rRNA gene sequence and 98.4% identity with the Streptococcus vinaceus ATCC 27478 rpoB partial sequence. The fermentation broth of the JJ45B strain was extracted to find an inhibitor of bacterial growth. The distilled water extract showed the highest activity against pathogenic bacteria. The active molecule was isolated by column chromatography on polyacrylamide or silica gel, thin-layer chromatography, and HPLC. It showed growth inhibition activity only toward phytopathogenic Xanthomonas sp. The structure of the compound was identified as alpha-l-sorbofuranose (3-->2)-beta-D-altrofuranose based on the interpretation of the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra.</P>

Analysis of EST and lectin expressions in hemocytes of Manila clams (<i>Ruditapes philippinarum</i>) (Bivalvia: Mollusca) infected with <i>Perkinsus olseni</i>

Kang, Yoon-Suk,Kim, Young-Mee,Park, Kyung-Il,Kim Cho, Somi,Choi, Kwang-Sik,Cho, Moonjae Elsevier 2006 Developmental and comparative immunology Vol.30 No.12

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The hemocytes of invertebrates play key roles in both cellular and humoral immune reactions by phagocytosis or delivering immune factors such as lectin and anti-microbial peptides. Bacterial infection causes changes in components such as lectins, anti-bacterial peptides, and lysosomal enzymes of plasma or hemolymph in molluscs. Previously, we found that infection with the protozoan parasite, <I>Perkinsus,</I> increases lectin synthesis in hemocytes. In order to investigate the patterns of genes expressed in Manila clams (<I>Ruditapes philippinarum</I>) infected with the protozoan parasite <I>Perkinsus olseni</I>, we constructed a cDNA library and sequenced 1850 clones (expressed sequence tags). A total of 79 ESTs, were related to 29 functional immune genes such as C-type lectin, lysozyme, and cystatin B, in Manila clams. Lectins were the largest group of immune-function ESTs found in our Manila clams library. Among 7 lectin clones, two full length cDNAs of lectins were cloned. MCL-3, which is a simple C-type lectin composed of 151 amino acids, has a relatively short signal sequence of 17aa and single carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) of ∼130 residues. It is highly homologous to eel C-type lectin. The sequence of mc-sialic acid-binding lectin consists of 168 amino acid residues with molecular weight of 19.2 and shows high homology to sialic acid-binding lectin from the snail, <I>Cepaea hortensis</I>.</P><P>The expression of 7 different lectins in hemocytes was analyzed by RT-PCR using gene-specific primers. Hemocytes from <I>Perkinsus</I>-infected clam expressed different sets of lectins than with <I>Vibrio</I> infection. These results demonstrate that several lectins are involved in Manila clam innate immunity and different challenges induce expression of different lectins.</P>

Partial Necrosis of the Mandibular Proximal Segment Following Transoral Vertical Ramus Osteotomy

Kim, Somi,Kim, Sang Yoon,Kim, Gi-Jung,Jung, Hwi-Dong,Jung, Young-Soo Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2014 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.36 No.3

Transoral vertical ramus osteotomy (TOVRO) procedure can result in a variety of complications. Complications commonly reported include extensive bleeding due to major blood vessel injury, unpredictable fracture, postoperative infection, neurosensory deficit related Inferior alveolar nerve, insufficient osteosynthesis, and temporomandibular joint problem. The authors describe a case of partial necrosis of the mandibular proximal segment following TOVRO, a rarely reported complication. A 37-year-old otherwise healthy woman underwent Lefort l osteotomy and TOVRO to correct mandibular prognathism. Postoperatively, she developed pain and swelling in the right submandibular region and was found to have a partial necrosis of proximal segment.

Fatigue-Alleviating Effect on Mice of an Ethanolic Extract from <i>Rubus coreanus</i>

LEE, Somi,YOU, Yanghee,YOON, Ho-Geun,KIM, Kyungmi,PARK, Jeongjin,KIM, Sunoh,HO, Jin-Nyoung,LEE, Jeongmin,SHIM, Sangin,JUN, Woojin Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and A 2011 Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry Vol.75 No.2

<P>The fatigue-alleviating effects on mice of <I>Rubus coreanus</I> were investigated by using an adjustable-current water pool. The mice were exhaustively exercised for 2 consecutive days, and those administered with the 80% ethanol extract (RCE) of <I>R. coreanus</I> displayed a lower reduction (20%) in swimming time on day 2 than the control group (41% reduction). RCE significantly prevented the depletion of hepatic antioxidants during exercise-induced fatigue. These results suggest that RCE alleviated fatigue by elevating the antioxidative potential.</P>

SNPE(Self Natural Posture Exercise) 프로그램이 경추와 어깨의 만성 근골격계 통증 및 관절가동범위에 미치는 영향

윤지유 ( Yoon Jiyoo ),이희진 ( Lee Heejin ),윤소미 ( Yun Somi ),임다혜 ( Lim Dahye ),황재구 ( Hwang Jae Gu ),최중기 ( Choi Jungki ),이대택 ( Lee Dae Taek ) 한국체육학회 2019 한국체육학회지 Vol.58 No.6

본 연구는 SNPE 프로그램이 만성 근골격계 통증을 가지고 있는 성인 여성의 경추와 어깨의 통증 및 관절가동범위에 미치는 영향을 검증하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상자는 만성 근골격계 통증을 겪고 있으며 경추장애지수(NDI) 총점이 5점 이상인 20-30대여성 39명(28.7±6.1 yrs, 23.1±3.5 kg/m²)을 SNPE운동그룹(SNPEG, n=17), 스트레칭운동그룹(SG, n=10), 비운동그룹(NG, n=12)으로 나누어 연구를 진행하였다. SNPEG와 SG는 12주간, 주 2회, 회당 60분의 운동을 수행하였고, NG는 어떤 운동 프로그램에도 참여하지 않았다. 모든 그룹의 대상자는 통증과 관절가동범위를 측정하였다. 그룹 내 사전·사후 차이는 Paired t-test를 실시하였고, 그룹 간 차이는 ANCOVA를 실시하였다. 모든 유의 수준은 α=.05로 하였다. 그 결과 통증의 변화는 경추와 어깨의 모든 측정 부위에서 SNPEG가 가장 큰 차이를 나타냈다(p<.01). 관절가동범위의 변화는 경추 굴곡과 회전(좌), 어깨가동성에서 SNPEG가 가장 큰 차이를 나타냈다(p<.05), 경추 회전(우)에서는 SG가 가장 큰 차이를 나타냈다(p<.01). 본 연구의 결과를 통해 SNPE 프로그램이 만성 근골격계 통증을 가진 20-30대 여성의 통증과 관절가동범위의 개선에 도움이 되는 것을 확인하였다. 이 결과는 SNPE가 경추 및 어깨 부위의 만성 근골격계 통증을 겪고 있는 성인 여성들에게 효과적인 개선 프로그램으로 제시 될 수 있음을 시사한다. The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of the SNPE program on the neck and shoulder pain and range of motion of adult women with chronic musculoskeletal pain. The study was conducted by dividing Thirty nine women in their 20s and 30s(28.7±6.1 yrs, 23.1±3.5 kg/m²) with a NDI total score of 5 or more were divided into 3 groups; SNPEG (n=17), SG (n=10), NG (n=12). SNPEG and SG performed 60 minutes of exercise per session, at twice a week, for 12 weeks, and NG did not participate in any exercise program. All subjects in all groups were measured for pain and range of motion. Preand post-group differences were conducted with Paired t-test and ANCOVA for differences between groups. All significant levels are α=.05. As a result, the SNPEG showed the greatest difference in all measurement areas of the neck vertebrae and shoulder (p<.01). The changes of range of motion indicated the greatest difference in neck flexion and rotation (left), and in shoulder mobility (p<.05), SG showed the greatest difference (p<.01). The results of this study confirmed that the SNPE program was helpful for women in their 20s and 30s with chronic musculoskeletal pain, and for improving the range of motion. These results suggest that SNPE can be presented as an effective improvement program for adult women suffering from chronic musculoskeletal pain in the neck and shoulder regions.

체질량 지수와 생활습관에 따른 한국 가임 여성의 월경장애 유병률과 변화 추이: 국민건강보험공단 국가건강검진(2009~2016) 자료 활용

박소미(Park, SoMi),윤태웅(Yoon, Tae Woong),강대용(Kang, Dae Ryong),정재원(Chung, ChaeWeon) 한국간호과학회 2020 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.50 No.3

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the prevalence of menstrual disorders in Korean women based on body mass index (BMI) and lifestyle factors, by utilizing the Korean National Health Insurance Database. Methods: A retrospective observational study design was used for the secondary data analysis. Data of women aged 15 to 49 years who were diagnosed with menstrual disorders were extracted from The National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort in Korea from 2009 to 2016. The age-standardized prevalence rate of menstrual disorders was calculated using SAS version 9.4, and a Chi-square test and Cochran-Armitage test were performed. Results: In total, 2,219,445 cases were extracted from the database. The prevalence of menstrual disorders significantly increased from 8.6% to 11.6% (Z=135.16, p for trend <.001) over the past eight years. In particular, it was higher in underweight women than in women with normal weight across all years (Z=-4.18~-14.72, p <.001). Moreover, statistically significant differences in the prevalence of menstrual disorders were found to be associated with drinking and smoking in all years and with physical activity levels in part (p <.05~.001). Conclusion: These findings present compelling evidence on the prevalence of menstrual disorders based on a national database. Since the prevalence of menstrual disorders has steadily increased and differs based on BMI and lifestyle factors, educational and clinical interventions are necessary to promote risk awareness and appropriate behavioral changes among Korean women.

Housing Alternatives to Promote Holistic Health of the Fragile Aged

Lee, Yeunsook,Yoon, Hyegyung,Lim, Soohyun,An, Somi,Hwang, Jihye Sage Publications 2012 Indoor and Built Environment Vol.21 No.1

90K Glycoprotein Promotes Degradation of Mutant β-Catenin Lacking the ISGylation or Phosphorylation Sites in the N-terminus ¹ ²

Park, So-Yeon,Yoon, Somy,Kim, Hangun,Kim, Kyung Keun Neoplasia Press 2016 Neoplasia Vol.18 No.10

<P>β-Catenin is a major transducer of the Wnt signaling pathway, which is aberrantly expressed in colorectal and other cancers. Previously, we showed that β-catenin is downregulated by the 90K glycoprotein via ISGylation-dependent degradation. However, the further mechanisms of β-catenin degradation by 90K-mediated ISGylation pathway were not investigated. This study aimed to identify the β-catenin domain responsible for the action of 90K and to compare the mechanism of 90K on β-catenin degradation with phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitinational degradation of β-catenin. The deletion mutants of β-catenin lacking N- or C-terminal domain or mutating the N-terminal lysine or nonlysine residue were employed to delineate the characteristics of β-catenin degradation by 90K-mediated ISGylation pathway. 90K induced Herc5 and ISG15 expression and reduced β-catenin levels in HeLa and CSC221 cells. The N-terminus of β-catenin is required for 90K-induced β-catenin degradation, but the N-terminus of β-catenin is not essential for interaction with Herc5. However, substituting lysine residues in the N-terminus of β-catenin with arginine or deleting serine or threonine residue containing domains from the N-terminus does not affect 90K-induced β-catenin degradation, indicating that the N-terminal 86 amino acids of β-catenin are crucial for 90K-mediated ISGylation/degradation of β-catenin in which the responsible lysine or nonlysine residues were not identified. Our present results highlight the action of 90K on promoting degradation of mutant β-catenin lacking the phosphorylation sites in the N-terminus. It provides further insights into the discrete pathway downregulating the stabilized β-catenin via acquiring mutations at the serine/threonine residues in the N-terminus.</P>

PLOS : ONE ; Lichen Secondary Metabolites in Flavocetraria cucullata Exhibit Anti-Cancer Effects on Human Cancer Cells through the Induction of Apoptosis and Suppression of Tumorigenic potentials

( Thanh Thi Nguyen ),( Somy Yoon ),( Yi Yang ),( Ho Bin Lee ),( Soo Nok Oh ),( Min Hye Jeong ),( Jong Jin Kim ),( Sung Tae Yee ),( Florin Crisan ),( Cheol Moon ),( Kwang Youl Lee ),( Kyung Keun Kim ) 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2014 약품개발연구지 Vol.23 No.-

Lichens are symbiotic organisms which produce distinct secondary metabolic products. In the present study, we tested the cytotoxic activity of 17 lichen species against several human cancer cells and further investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying their anti-cancer activity. We found that among 17 lichens species, F. cucullata exhibited the most potent cytotoxicity in several human cancer cells. High performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that the acetone extract of F. cucullata contains usnic acid, salazinic acid, Squamatic acid, Baeomycesic acid, d-protolichesterinic acid, and lichesterinic acid as subcomponents. MlT assay showed that cancer cell lines were more vulnerable to the cytotoxic effects of the extract than non-cancer cell lines. Furthermore, among the identified subcomponents, usnic acid treatment had a similar cytotoxic effect on cancer cell lines but with lower potency than the extract. At a lethal dose, treatment with the extract or with usnic acid greatly increased the apoptotic cell population and specifically activated the apoptotic signaling pathway; however, using sub-lethal doses, extract and usnic acid treatment decreased cancer cell motility and inhibited in vitro and in vivo tumorigenic potentials. In these cells, we observed significantly reduced levels of epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMn markers and phosphor-Akt, while phosphor-c-Jun and phosphor-ERK1/2 levels were only marginally affected. Overall, the anti-cancer activity of the extract is more potent than that of usnic acid alone. Taken together, F. cucullata and its subcomponent, usnic acid together with additional component, exert anti-cancer effects on human cancer cells through the induction of apoptosis and the inhibition of EMT.