Involvement of 14-3-3 in tubulin instability and impaired axon development is mediated by Tau

Joo, Yuyoung,Schumacher, Benjamin,Landrieu, Isabelle,Bartel, Maria,Smet-Nocca, Caroline,Jang, Ahram,Choi, Hee Soon,Jeon, Noo Li,Chang, Keun-A,Kim, Hye-Sun,Ottmann, Christian,Suh, Yoo-Hun The Federation of American Societies for Experimen 2015 The FASEB Journal Vol.29 No.10

<P>14-3-3 proteins act as adapters that exert their function by interacting with their various protein partners. 14-3-3 proteins have been implicated in a variety of human diseases including neurodegenerative diseases. 14-3-3 proteins have recently been reported to be abundant in the neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) observed inside the neurons of brains affected by Alzheimer’s disease (AD). These NFTs are mainly constituted of phosphorylated Tau protein, a microtubule-associated protein known to bind 14-3-3. Despite this indication of 14-3-3 protein involvement in the AD pathogenesis, the role of 14-3-3 in the Tauopathy remains to be clarified. In the present study, we shed light on the role of 14-3-3 proteins in the molecular pathways leading to Tauopathies. Overexpression of the 14-3-3σ isoform resulted in a disruption of the tubulin cytoskeleton and prevented neuritic outgrowth in neurons. NMR studies validated the phosphorylated residues pSer214 and pSer324 in Tau as the 2 primary sites for 14-3-3 binding, with the crystal structure of 14-3-3σ in complex with Tau-pSer214 and Tau-pSer324 revealing the molecular details of the interaction. These data suggest a rationale for a possible pharmacologic intervention of the Tau/14-3-3 interaction.—Joo, Y., Schumacher, B., Landrieu, I., Bartel, M., Smet-Nocca, C., Jang, A., Choi, H. S., Jeon, N. L., Chang, K.-A., Kim, H.-S., Ottmann, C., Suh, Y.-H. Involvement of 14-3-3 in tubulin instability and impaired axon development is mediated by Tau.</P>

QuLa: Queue and Latency-Aware Service Selection and Routing in Service-Centric Networking

Piet Smet,Pieter Simoens,Bart Dhoedt 한국통신학회 2015 Journal of communications and networks Vol.17 No.3

Due to an explosive growth in services running in different datacenters, there is need for service selection and routing to deliver user requests to the best service instance. In current solutions, it is generally the client that must first select a datacenter to forward the request to before an internal load-balancer of the selected datacenter can select the optimal instance. An optimal selection requires knowledge of both network and server characteristics, making clients less suitable to make this decision. Information-Centric Networking (ICN) research solved a similar selection problem for static data retrieval by integrating content delivery as a native network feature. We address the selection problem for services by extending the ICN-principles for services. In this paper we present Queue and Latency, a network-driven service selection algorithm which maps user demand to service instances, taking into account both network and server metrics. To reduce the size of service router forwarding tables, we present a statistical method to approximate an optimal load distribution with minimized router state required. Simulation results show that our statistical routing approach approximates the average system response time of source-based routing with minimized state in forwarding tables.

Indian community-based housing finance systems: potentials and pitfalls for urban development and housing improvement

Peer Smets 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2019 도시과학국제저널 Vol.23 No.4

In developing and emerging countries, housing finance is mainly mortgage finance in combination with Western unsecured credit, both of which do not serve the bottom of the income pyramid. Poorer sections of society depend on incremental finance for building their houses. A combination of different sources is usually used including individual servicing of housing finance and community-based housing finance. Community-based financing covers a relatively small section of the housing finance market. In the formal financial sector, such initiatives include mainly credit unions and cooperatives. In the informal sector, a much broader kaleidoscope of community-based financing schemes and links with banks exists. This paper provides an overview of three kinds of informal community-based housing finance associations: rotating savings and credit associations, savings associations and accumulating savings and credit associations. These examples can be seen as a source of good practices. However, schemes that are commodified can have a huge potential for the development of informal settlements, but can also become instruments of institutions, benefiting the state and the better off, who profit at the expense of those at the bottom of the income pyramid.

Gate-Tunable Tunneling Transistor Based on a Thin Black Phosphorus-SnSe₂ Heterostructure

Na, Junhong,Kim, Youngwook,Smet, Jurgen H.,Burghard, Marko,Kern, Klaus American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.23

<P>Tunneling field-effect transistors (TFETs) are of considerable interest owing to their capability of low-power operation. Here, we demonstrate a novel type of TFET which is composed of a thin black phosphorus-tin diselenide (BP-SnSe<SUB>2</SUB>) heterostructure. This combination of 2D semiconductor thin sheets enables device operation either as an Esaki diode featuring negative differential resistance (NDR) in the negative gate voltage regime or as a backward diode in the positive gate bias regime. Such tuning possibility is imparted by the fact that only the carrier concentration in the BP component can be effectively modulated by electrostatic gating, while the relatively high carrier concentration in the SnSe<SUB>2</SUB> sheet renders it insensitive against gating. Scanning photocurrent microscopy maps indicate the presence of a staggered (type II) band alignment at the heterojunction. The temperature-dependent NDR behavior of the devices is explainable by an additional series resistance contribution from the individual BP and SnSe<SUB>2</SUB> sheets connected in series. Moreover, the backward rectification behavior can be consistently described by the thermionic emission theory, pointing toward the gating-induced formation of a potential barrier at the heterojunction. It furthermore turned out that for effective Esaki diode operation, care has to be taken to avoid the formation of positive charges trapped in the alumina passivation layer.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

HARMONIC MAPPINGS RELATED TO FUNCTIONS WITH BOUNDED BOUNDARY ROTATION AND NORM OF THE PRE-SCHWARZIAN DERIVATIVE

Kanas, Stanis lawa,Klimek-Smet, Dominika Korean Mathematical Society 2014 대한수학회보 Vol.51 No.3

Let ${\mathcal{S}}^0_{\mathcal{H}}$ be the class of normalized univalent harmonic mappings in the unit disk. A subclass ${\mathcal{V}}^{\mathcal{H}}(k)$ of ${\mathcal{S}}^0_{\mathcal{H}}$, whose analytic part is function with bounded boundary rotation, is introduced. Some bounds for functionals, specially harmonic pre-Schwarzian derivative, described in ${\mathcal{V}}^{\mathcal{H}}(k)$ are given.

Harmonic mappings related to functions with bounded boundary rotation and norm of the pre-Schwarzian derivative

Stanislawa Kanas,Dominika Klimek-Smet 대한수학회 2014 대한수학회보 Vol.51 No.3

Let S0 H be the class of normalized univalent harmonic mappings in the unit disk. A subclass VH(k) of S0 H, whose analytic part is function with bounded boundary rotation, is introduced. Some bounds for functionals, specially harmonic pre-Schwarzian derivative, described in VH(k) are given.

Synthesis, Characterization, Thermal Stability and Conductivity of New Schiff Base Polymer Containing Sulfur and Oxygen Bridges

Suleyman Culhao?lu,?smet Kaya 한국고분자학회 2015 폴리머 Vol.39 No.2

In this study, we proposed to synthesize thermally stable, soluble and conjugated Schiff base polymer (SbP). For this reason, a specific molecule namely 4,4"-thiodiphenol which has sulfur and oxygen bridge in its structure was used to synthesize bi-functional monomers. Bi-functional amino and carbonyl monomers namely 4,4"-[thio-bis(4,1-phenyleneoxy)] dianiline (DIA) and 4,4"-[thiobis(4,1-phenyleneoxy)]dibenzaldehyde (DIB) were prepared from the elimination reaction of 4,4"-thiodiphenol with 4-iodonitrobenzene and 4-iodobenzaldehyde, respectively. The structures of products were confirmed by elemental analysis, FTIR, <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR and <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR techniques. The molecular weight distribution parameters of SbP were determined by size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The synthesized SbP was characterized by solubility tests, TG-DTA and DSC. Also, conductivity values of SbP and SbP-iodine complex were determined from their solid conductivity measurements. The conductivity measurements of doped and undoped SbP were carried out by Keithley 2400 electrometer at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, which were calculated via fourpoint probe technique. When iodine was used as a doping agent, the conductivity of SbP was observed to be increased. Optical band gap (Eg) of SbP was also calculated by using UV-Vis spectroscopy. It should be stressed that SbP was a semiconductor which had a potential in electronic and optoelectronic applications, with fairly low band gap. SbP was found to be thermally stable up to 300℃. The char of SbP was observed 29.86% at 1000℃.

IMAGE OF INTEREST : A hundred years after the first article, a recollection: Cabot ring

( Neslihan Erdem ),( Lhami Berber ),( Smet Aydogdu ),( Alper Sevinc ) 대한내과학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.31 No.1

General Subtask Controller for Redundant Robot Manipulators

Omar W. Maaroof,Erkin Gezgin,Mehmet ?smet Can Dede 제어로봇시스템학회 2012 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.10

This paper will utilize the property of self-motion for redundant robot manipulators by designing the general subtask controller that control the joint motion in the null-space of the Jacobian matrix. The general subtask controller is used for minimizing the total joint motion and for singularity avoidance in this study. Specifically, objective function for each subtask is formed and then the gradient of the objective function is used in the subtask controller to either minimize the joint motion or avoid singularities while tracking a given end-effector trajectory. A 7-DOF LWA4-Arm (SCHUNK) is modeled first in SolidWorks® and then converted to MATLAB® Simulink using SimMechanics CAD translator for the simulation tests of the controller. The kinematics and dynamics equations are derived to be used in the controllers and the simulation results are presented for the 7-DOF redundant robot manipulator operating in 3D space.

Phylogenetic significance of leaf micromorphology and anatomy in the tribe Mentheae (Nepetoideae: Lamiaceae)

MOON, HYE-KYOUNG,HONG, SUK-PYO,SMETS, ERIK,HUYSMANS, SUZY Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Botanical journal of the Linnean Society Vol.160 No.2

<P>A comparative micromorphological study of leaves was carried out on 102 species of Mentheae; 61 species were selected for the anatomical study. Mentheae possessed both amphistomatic and hypostomatic leaves. The diversity of leaf epidermal characteristics was based on the variation in morphology of epidermal cells, stomata types and trichome types. Although each characteristic on its own has rather limited systematic value, the combination of some of these features may be systematically relevant, especially for the identification of species. For example, branched multicellular nonglandular trichomes were a diagnostic characteristic for all genera investigated of the subtribe Salviinae; however, this trichome type was also observed in <I>Hedeoma ciliolata</I> and <I>Neoeplingia leucophylloides</I> of the subtribe Menthinae. Capitate glandular trichomes with pear-shaped heads were only observed in <I>Salvia dorrii</I>. Subsessile glandular trichomes with multicellular heads (more than ten cells) were an apomorphy for <I>Perovskia</I>. The anatomical leaf structure was consistent throughout the tribe. In some species, the vascular bundles in the midrib were modified into a mechanical tissue, which is an adaptation to xerophytic environments. The observed variations are discussed in an ecological context and their phylogenetic significance is evaluated. © 2009 The Linnean Society of London, <I>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</I>, 2009, <B>160</B>, 211–231.</P>