Effect of Tissue Engineering Small Vessel Scaffolds in Experimental Animals

( Hua Yong Chen ),( Shu Ling Bai ),( Ying Qing Chen ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2012 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.9 No.3

Acellular xenogeneic small vessel scaffolds preliminarily eliminate the xenogeneic antigen that could induce an immune rejection. We transplanted the Wistar rat caudal artery scaffolds into Japanese white rabbit ear central arteries, and observed the changes of blood flow and vessel wall. We acquired 30 caudal arteries from 15 Wistar rats, some were directly assigned as caudal artery group, the others were disposed by 1% p-octyl polyethelene glycol phenyl ether, and were assigned as the group of tissue engineered small vessel scaffold. We collected 15 Japanese white rabbits, and utilized a pair of ear central arteries per rabbit as hosts. Through microscopic surgery, the proximal broken end of central artery was overlapped into the donor`s proximal vessel lumen by sleeve anastomosis, while the distal broken end was sutured by classical end-to-end anastomosis. The maximum patency time of small vessel scaffold was 46 hours and 47 minutes, and which of caudal vessel was 14 hours. The poor blood flow primarily was occurred in distal broken end, while proximal end was connected in pedicle graft structure. On the 10th day, tunica intima fibers in vessel scaffold were still arranged in cylindrical conformation regularly without cell adherence. On the 100th day, tunica intima fibers were still preserved completely in proximal end. The results showed that xenogeneic acellular small vessel scaffold can be transplanted into the host, and the sleeve anastomosis was significantly superior to the classical end-to-end anastomosis.

Numerical Study of Natural Convection in a Partitioned Enclosure

Shu Hao Chuang,Ming Hua Chen,Chung Yea Sun 대한기계학회 1993 International Symposium on Transport Phenomena in Vol.1 No.1

Invited Review : Altitude training as a powerful corrective intervention in correctin insulin resistance

( Shu Man Chen ),( Chia Hua Kuo ) 한국운동영양학회 2012 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.16 No.2

Oxygen is the final acceptor of electron transport from fat and carbohydrate oxidation, which is the rate-limiting factor for cellular ATP production. Under altitude hypoxia condition, energy reliance on anaerobic glycolysis increases to compensate for the shortfall caused by reduced fatty acid oxidation [1]. Therefore, training at altitude is expected to strongly influence the human metabolic system, and has the potential to be designed as a non-pharmacological or recreational intervention regimen for correcting diabetes or related metabolic problems. However, most people cannot accommodate high altitude exposure above 4500 M due to acute mountain sickness (AMS) and insulin resistance corresponding to a increased levels of the stress hormones cortisol and catecholamine [2]. Thus, less stringent conditions were evaluated to determine whether glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity could be improved by moderate altitude exposure (below 4000 M). In 2003, we and another group in Austria reported that short-term moderate altitude exposure plus endurance-related physical activity significantly improves glucose tolerance (not fasting glucose) in humans [3, 4], which is associated with the improvement in the whole-body insulin sensitivity [5]. With daily hiking at an altitude of approximately 4000 M, glucose tolerance can still be improved but fasting glucose was slightly elevated. Individuals vary widely in their response to altitude challenge. In particular, the improvement in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity by prolonged altitude hiking activity is not apparent in those individuals with low baseline DHEA-S concentration [6]. In addition, hematopoietic adaptation against altitude hypoxia can also be impaired in individuals with low DHEA-S. In short-lived mammals like rodents, the DHEA-S level is barely detectable since their adrenal cortex does not appear to produce this steroid [7]. In this model, exercise training recovery under prolonged hypoxia exposure (14-15% oxygen, 8 h per day for 6 weeks) can still improve insulin sensitivity, secondary to an effective suppression of adiposity [8]. Genetically obese rats exhibit hyperinsulinemia (sign of insulin resistance) with up-regulated baseline levels of AMP-activated protein kinase and AS160 phosphorylation in skeletal muscle compared to lean rats. After prolonged hypoxia training, this abnormality can be reversed concomitant with an approximately 50% increase in GLUT4 protein expression. Additionally, prolonged moderate hypoxia training results in decreased diffusion distance of muscle fiber (reduced cross-sectional area) without affecting muscle weight. In humans, moderate hypoxia increases postprandial blood distribution towards skeletal muscle during a training recovery. This physiological response plays a role in the redistribution of fuel storage among important energy storage sites and may explain its potent effect on changing body composition. Conclusion: Prolonged moderate altitude hypoxia (rangingfrom 1700 to 2400 M), but not acute high attitude hypoxia (above 4000 M), can effectively improve insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance for humans and antagonizes the obese phenotype in animals with a genetic defect. In humans, the magnitude of the improvementvaries widely and correlates with baseline plasma DHEA-S levels. Compared to training at sea-level, training at altitude effectively decreases fat mass in parallel with increased muscle mass. This change may be associated with increased perfusion of insulin and fuel towards skeletal muscle that favors muscle competing postprandial fuel in circulation against adipose tissues.

Employing rotating vaneless diffuser to enhance the performance of plenum fan

Hua-Shu Dou,Lin Wu,Yikun Wei,Yongning Chen,Wenbin Cao,Cunlie Ying 한국유체기계학회 2017 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.10 No.1

Numerical simulation is carried out for flow characteristics in a plenum fan and the influence of the diameter ratio of the rotating vaneless diffuser on the performance of plenum fan is analyzed. The diameter ratio of the rotating vaneless diffuser employed is from 1.03 to 1.3. The research results show that the rotating vaneless diffuser is able to enhance the performance of plenum fan. It is found that there is significant improvement in static pressure and efficiency at the diameter ratio of 1.05 at high flow coefficients, while the optimal diameter ratio is 1.2 at rated and low flow coefficient.

Zebrafish Dnd protein binds to 3`UTR of geminin mRNA and regulates its expression

( Shu Chen ),( Mei Zeng ),( Hua Qin Sun ),( Wen Qian Deng ),( Yi Lu Lu ),( Da Chang Tao ),( Yun Qiang Liu ),( Si Zhong Zhang ),( Yong Xin Ma ) 생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2010 BMB Reports Vol.43 No.6

Dnd (dead end) gene encodes an RNA binding protein and is specifically expressed in primordial germ cells (PGCs) as a vertebrate-specific component of the germ plasma throughout embryogenesis. By utilizing a technique of specific nucleic acids associated with proteins (SNAAP), 13 potential target mRNAs of zebrafish Dnd (ZDnd) protein were identified from 8-cell embryo, and 8 target mRNAs have been confirmed using an RT-PCR analysis. Of the target mRNAs, the present study is focused on the regulation of geminin, which is an inhibitor of DNA replication. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), we demonstrated that ZDND protein bound the 67-nucleotide region from 864 to 931 in the 3`UTR of geminin mRNA, a sequence containing 60.29% of uridine. Results from a dual-luciferase assay in HEK293 cells showed that ZDND increases the translation of geminin. Taken together, the identification of target mRNA for ZDnd will be helpful to further explore the biological function of Dnd in zebrafish germ-line development as well as in cancer cells. [BMB reports 2010; 43(6): 438-444]

Efficacy of Pap Test in Combination with ThinPrep Cytological Test in Screening for Cervical Cancer

Chen, Hua,Shu, Hui-Min,Chang, Zhou-Lin,Wang, Zhi-Feng,Yao, Hai-Hong,Zhu, Hong-Mei,Lu, Tian-Mei,Ma, Qiang-Yan,Yang, Bin-Lie Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4

Background: Our aim was to investigate the efficacy of the Pap test in combination with the ThinPrep cytological test (TCT) in screening for cervical cancer in China. Design: From March 2006 to October 2008, 988 women with the mean age $46.4{\pm}10.5$ years (range, 23-80 years) were recruited to receive cervical cancer screening. Pap test results ${\geq}$ grade III and TCT findings ${\geq}$ ASCUS/AGUS were considered abnormal. Subjects with a Pap test result ${\geq}$ grade IIb received TCT. Colposcopy and biopsies were performed in all participants, and final diagnosis was based on pathological findings. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and Youden index for predicting CIN I or above were determined. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and Youden index of the Pap test were 43.1%, 97.2%, 70.0%, 91.9%, and 40.3%, respectively. The same values for TCT in predicting CIN were 80.0%, 63.2%, 16.0%, 97.3%, and 43.2%, respectively. The two tests in combination gave values for predicting CIN of 64.8%, 87.6%, 43.6%, 94.4%, and 53.5%, respectively. Combined testing exhibited the highest Youden index (53.4%). Conclusion: The Pap test with a reduced threshold in combination with the TCT has high sensitivity and high specificity in screening for cervical cancer.

The Design and Implementation of Collaboration Service Integration Platform Based on Context-Aware Role Based Access Model

Shu-Ping Lu,Kuei-Kai Shao,Yu-Nung Chao,Kuo-Shu Luo,Chi-Hua Chen 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.8 No.1

Comparison of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta1 and Lovastatin on Differentiating Mesenchymal Stem Cells toward Nucleus Pulposus-like Phenotype: An In Vitro Cell Culture Study

Shu-Hua Yang,Kai-Chiang Yang,Chih-Wei Chen,Ting-Chun Huang,Yuanhui Sun,Ming-Hsiao Hu 대한척추외과학회 2019 Asian Spine Journal Vol.13 No.5

Study Design: In vitro cell culture study. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the impact of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) and lovastatin on differentiating human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) toward nucleus pulposus (NP)-like phenotype. Overview of Literature: MSCs offer a cell source to the cell-based therapy for intervertebral disc degeneration. TGF-β1 is used to induce MSCs to differentiate into NP-like cells; however, an undesired expression of collagen type I has been reported. Statins reportedly stimulate expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and promote the chondrogenic phenotype to NP cells. However, the effects of statins with or without TGF-β1 on the differentiation of MSCs into NP-like cells remain unclear. Methods: Human MSCs were treated with TGF-β1 alone, lovastatin alone, and simultaneous or sequential treatment with TGF-β1 and lovastatin. After the proposed stimulation, the total RNA was extracted to assess the expression profile of NP cells-specific genes. Hematoxylin–eosin staining was used for examining the microscopic morphology. Furthermore, we detected the syntheses of S-100 protein, aggrecan , and collagen type II in the extracellular matrix using immunohistochemical staining. Results: Simultaneous or sequential treatment of TGF-β1 and lovastatin could further augment the BMP-2 overexpression compared with lovastatin-alone treatment. However, the mRNA expression of aggrecan and collagen type II was not compatible with the expression level of BMP-2 . Immunohistochemical studies revealed compatible production of aggrecan, collagen type II , and S-100 protein in all three groups treated with lovastatin. Cells in groups treated with lovastatin were less populated than that in the group treated with TGF-β1 alone. Conclusions: This study demonstrates a promising role of lovastatin in inducing human MSCs into NP-like cells. However, further optimization of cell density before lovastatin treatment, treatment duration, and combination with TGF-β1 are warranted to attain better stimulatory effects.

An Unprecedented 3D Self-catenated Four-coordinated Dense Net of Silver-Organic Framework

Shu-Lin Xiao,Guang-hua Cui,Vladislav A. Blatov,Jian-Chen Geng,Guang-yue Li 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.6

Employing rotating vaneless diffuser to enhance the performance of plenum fan

Dou, Hua-Shu,Wu, Lin,Wei, Yikun,Chen, Yongning,Cao, Wenbin,Ying, Cunlie Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2017 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.10 No.1

Numerical simulation is carried out for flow characteristics in a plenum fan and the influence of the diameter ratio of the rotating vaneless diffuser on the performance of plenum fan is analyzed. The diameter ratio of the rotating vaneless diffuser employed is from 1.03 to 1.3. The research results show that the rotating vaneless diffuser is able to enhance the performance of plenum fan. It is found that there is significant improvement in static pressure and efficiency at the diameter ratio of 1.05 at high flow coefficients, while the optimal diameter ratio is 1.2 at rated and low flow coefficient.