한국 초등영어교사의 소진: 유발 및 극복 요인을 중심으로

문시인 ( Moon Shiin ),안경자 ( Ahn Kyungja ) 글로벌영어교육학회(구 호남영어교육학회) 2020 Studies in English education Vol.25 No.2

This study aimed to explore how South Korean elementary English teachers experienced burnout. It also examined why teachers got burned out and how they coped with it. Sixty teachers were surveyed, and fifty teachers were interviewed. The survey responses were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, and the interview data were coded and categorized to draw the symptoms, causes, and cures of teacher burnout. The results are as follows. First, no significant differences were found across teachers with different backgrounds including school size, age, teaching experience, and ELT experience, which indicates that English teachers in diverse contexts could experience burnouts. Second, the teachers suffered from physical symptoms as well as psychological and emotional symptoms. Third, the factors that caused teacher burnout included elementary English class traits, student traits, teacher self-awareness, working conditions, human relationships in school, lack of school support, and individual and social factors. Fourth, the teachers who overcame burnout did so through self-development, confrontation, emotional support, emotion-control strategies, avoidance, and professional assistance. The findings are expected to contribute to prevent and/or alleviate teacher burnout and thus promote teacher development and student learning in the field of primary ELT in South Korea.

색상 정보를 이용한 관절체의 3차원 모션 파라메타 추정

신수미,이칠우 전남대학교 전자통신기술연구소 2002 전자통신기술논문지 Vol.5 No.1

In this paper describes a method of inducing three dimensional motion parameters sampling human figure's features from the images, which are obtained from two stereo cameras. In this method, the images are acquired from attaching minimum numbers of color markers to joints, and features of the joints are gained from using Color Segmentation Algorithm. Three dimensional points can be obtained using Stereo Geometry after calculating of the correspondence of two images' points, and then three dimensional parameters can be induced through analyzing these values with time axis. One of the distinctive features of this pater is that recognition results are not influenced by the input images' noise, for using previously arranged color markers. In addition, remarkably practical system production will be possible due to utilizing Stereo Geometry.

폐경 후 여성에서의 혈청 인슐린 유사 성장인자 결합 단백질들의 분포 양상과 골 밀도와의 연관성에 관한 연구

김정구,최영민,문신용,이진용 대한폐경학회 1996 대한폐경학회지 Vol.2 No.2

The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) profiles and bone mineral density (BMD) measurements and biochemical makers of bone tumover in postmenopausal women. Sera from 37 normal healthy postmenopausal women and 14 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were analyzed for IGFBPs and osteocalcin by western ligand blotting and radioimmunoassay, respectively. BMD measurements were performed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). Urinary calcium and creatinine excretion were also determined. The data were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance and the least squares method. Serum IGFBP-2 ratio(IGFBP-2 intensity/total IGFBPs intensity) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis was significantly higher(p$lt;0.02) than that in normai healthy postmenopausal women, but serum IGFBP-3 ratio(IGFBP-3 intensity/total IGFBPs intensity) in women with osteoporosis was significantly lower (p$lt;0.01). Serum IGFBP-2 ratio correlated negatively with BMD of lumbar spine(p$lt;0.0001 ), femoral neck(p$lt;0.05), trochanter(p$lt;0.01) and Ward's triangle(p$lt;0.05) but there was a significant positive correlation between serum IGFBP-3 ratio and BMD of lumbar spine(p$lt;0.001) and trochanter(p$lt;0.05). No corrdations between serum IGFBPs levels or serum IGFBPs ratios and biochemical markers of bone tumover were noted. Our data indicate that the measurement of serum IGFBP profiles might be useful in identifying postmenopausal women at risk for osteoporosis.

복수 연직 주상구조물에 작용하는 비선형파력과 구조물에 의한 비선형파랑변형의 3차원해석

이광호(Lee, Kwang-Ho),이상기(Lee, Sang-Ki),신동훈(Shiin, Dong-Hoon),김도삼(Kim, Do-Sam) 한국해안해양공학회 2008 한국해안해양공학회 논문집 Vol.20 No.1

본 연구에서는 복수의 대형 연직 주상구조물을 중심으로 구조물에 작용하는 비선형파력과 구조물에 의한 비선형파랑변형을 검토하며, 수치해석의 이론으로 쇄파나 강비선형 파랑을 고정도로 해석할 수 있는 Navier-Stokes방정식에 근거한 3차원 VOF(Volume Of Fluid)법을 적용하였다. 본 수치해석의 타당성을 검증하기 위해 파랑변형과 파력에 대한 기존의 수리실험결과와 본 수치해석결과를 비교 검토하였으며, 이로부터 2기로 구성된 임의형상의 연직 주상구조물에 대해 구조물 형상, 구조물 배치간격, 파의 입사각도 변화에 따른 파력과 파랑변형의 특성을 논하였다. In the present work, wave transformation by vertical columns and its wave forces acting on them are discussed using a direct 3-D numerical model based on the VOF (Volume Of Fluid) method. The numerical results for wave transformations and wave forces are critically compared to an advanced experimental data, and provide the verification of the numerical model used in the present study. Overall model-data comparisons are good. After verification of the numerical model, it is used to simulate wave fields around dual vertical columns with arbitrary cross section, and the characteristics of nonlinear wave forces and wave transformations according to the variations of different cross section types of vertical columns, an interval of vertical columns and incident wave angle are discussed.

리브 보강 프리캐스트 터널 Liner의 역학적 거동 특성

이규필,이성원,신휴성,황재홍,Lee, Gyu-Phil,Lee, Sung-Won,Shiin, Hyu-Soung,Hwang, Jae-Hong 한국터널지하공간학회 2008 한국터널지하공간학회논문집 Vol.10 No.3

콘크리트 현장타설 개착식 터널구조물의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여, 시공성 및 품질관리 등 측면에서 유리한 프리캐스트 세그먼트를 이용한 개착식 터널구조물의 시공이 가장 효과적인 대안이라 할 수 있다. 그러나 프리캐스트 세그먼트를 이용한 개착식 터널구조물의 설계 및 시공은 고성토 또는 광폭터널 조건에서는 시공성 및 구조적 안정성 등과 같은 단점 때문에 그 활용이 제한적이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 프리캐스트 세그먼트를 이용한 개착식 터널구조물의 구조적 안정성 및 시공성 향상을 위하여, 리브 보강 프리캐스트 아치를 이용한 개착시 터널구조물을 개발하였으며, 대형 정적하중재하 실험을 통하여 리브보강에 의한 프리캐스트 아치 터널구조물의 역학적 거동 특성을 분석하였다 프리캐스트 세그먼트의 리브 보강 효과로 천단부에 균열이 발생하는 하중은 약 1.7배, 구조물의 극한하중은 약 3.3배 증가하는 등 리브 보강효과를 통하여 프리캐스트 세그먼트를 이용한 개착식 터널구조물의 구조적 안정성을 크게 향상시켰다. Due to the limitation of construction efficiency and structural safety, the application of the high covering and wide width tunnels was limited prior to the introduction of precast cut and cover tunnels. Therefore, a cut and cover tunnel structure with rib reinforcement is proposed to mechanically improve the safety on condition of high covering and wide width tunnel. In this study, large-scale experiments are carried out to examine the mechanical behavior of the cut and cover tunnel structure with rib reinforcement under static load condition. Based on the results obtained from this study, the ultimate load of tunnel structure increases to about 3.3 times by rib reinforcement. Consequently, safety of tunnel structure increases compared to non-installed cases due to confining crown part by rib reinforcement.

증기양생 조건에 따른 터널 PC 패널의 물리적 특성에 관한 연구

마상준,장필성,신진용,남관우,Ma, Sang-Joon,Jang, Pil-Sung,Shiin, Jin-Yong,Nam, Kwan-Woo 한국터널지하공간학회 2008 한국터널지하공간학회논문집 Vol.10 No.1

Many problems exist in the current cast in place concrete lining used in domestic tunnel construction. Especially, the crack of tunnel lining brings about a social and economic problem. It has a lot of influence on stability of structure and the fine finish of lining. So enormous repair-work and reinforcement of tunnel lining could occur an running out of government's budget. In our country, there are domestic production enterprises which produce a special pre-cast concrete product, but the technical level of them is still far behind compared to developed countries. Also, optimum steam coring method is important for the production of high quality product. But there is no regulation of steam curing method in our country. This study is to investigate the properties of PC panel according to the variation of steam curing conditions such as presteaming time and rate of temperature rise. The result shows that the optimum presteaming time of steam curing method in PC panel is more than 1 hour and the desirable rate of temperature in curing chamber is about $20^{\circ}C/hr$. 국내에서 대부분 시공되어지고 있는 현장타설 콘크리트 라이닝은 여러 가지가 문제점을 나타내고 있다. 그 중에 특히 라이닝의 균열 발생은 사회적 및 경제적인 문제로까지 제기되고 있으며 라이닝의 미관뿐만 아니라 안정성에도 영향을 미치게 되므로 막대한 보수보강 공사비의 지출을 유발해 국가 예산을 소모시키고 있다. 국내 콘크리트 2차 제품 생산업체의 생산기술은 아직 선진국 수준에 미치지 못하며, 고품질 제품 생산에 있어 가장 중요한 증기양생 방법 또한 규정되어 있지 않은 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 터널용 PC 패널의 증기양생조건 중 전양생시간, 온도상승구배를 달리하여 물리적 특성을 검토하였다. 시험결과, 고강도 PC패널의 전양생시간은 최소 1시간 이상이 바람직하였으며 온도상승구배는 최대 $20^{\circ}C$가 물리 역학적으로 가장 우수한 성능을 나타내었다.

시뮬레이션을 통한 PEMFC 작동 조건에 따른 BOP system 출력 특성에 관한 연구

김예빈(Yebeen Kim),김영섭(Youngseob Kim),김우재(Woojae Kim),신석원(Sukwon Shiin),이호식(Hosik Lee),강상규(Sanggyu Kang),민경덕(Kyoungdoug Min) 한국자동차공학회 2022 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2022 No.11

Comparison of Reservoir Sediment in Kum River Basin

Jong Yeon Hwang,Eui Jung Han,Tae Seung Kim,Tae Keun Kim,Soon Ju Yu,Shiin Jo Kim,Young Sam Yoon,Yong Soon Chung 한국환경영향평가학회 1999 환경영향평가 Vol.8 No.1

N/A This study was performed to survey the general feature of reservoir sediment in Daecheong, Sapkyo and Kumkang reservoir. For investigations, sediments were sample, at four sites in Dae-Cheongand two sites in SapKyo and Kumkang in June and October. The items for investigation are as follows; water content, loss on ignition(IG), porosity of sediment, contents of element such as hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus contents and nutrient release rates. Loss on ignition was measured to determine the contents of organic substance. And its ranges were determined 2.4∼16.2% in Daecheong reservoir; 5.6∼27.9% in Sapkyo and 4.8∼18.7% in Kumkang reservoir. And, total phosphorus contents in sediments were measured 677∼5,238㎍/g in Daecheong, 780∼1,417㎍/g in Sapkyo and 604∼1,452㎍/g in Kumkang reservoir. And release rates of nutrients were calculated 0.05∼8.63㎎P/㎡day and 4.99∼36.56㎎N/㎡day in Daecheong, 1.83 × 10^(-3)∼3.23 × 10^(-2)㎎P/㎡day and 1.97∼3.22㎎N/㎡day in Sapkyo, 8.31×10^(-3)∼6.51×10^(-2)㎎P/㎡day and 0.89∼4.42㎎N/㎡day in Kumkang reservoir, respectively. And this study attemped to determine the humus level of sediments. As a result of elemental analysis, C/N ratio was determined 3.0∼13.1 in Daecheong reservoir, 6.5∼13.0 in Sapkyo and 3.6∼12.6 in Kumkang reservoir, respectively. From the elemental analysis, humus levels of reservoirs were changed from mesohumic to oligohumic state in all reservoirs.