Fear of Crime Among Mongolian Immigrants in Seoul Metropolitan Areas

Chuluunbat Sharkhuu,Lee Min Sik 한국공안행정학회 2016 한국공안행정학회보 Vol.25 No.2

범죄에 대한 두려움의 연구는 오랫동안 서구 사회를 중심으로 이루어져 왔으며, 아시아 국가에서 행해진 연구는 상대적으로 많지 않다. 그러나 범죄 두려움을 설명하는 기존의 개념적 모델들은 서로 다른 문화와 민족적 배경을 갖는 사람들에게도 마찬가지로 적용될 수 있을 것이다. 이러한 점에서 본 연구는 2015년 한국의 서울 및 수도권에 거주하는 몽골이민자들을 대상으로 실시한 설문조사를 통해 수집된 309명의 몽골이민자들을 대상으로 그들이 한국 사회에서 경험한 범죄피해와 범죄에 대한 인식 및 두려움, 그리고 그것에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 처음으로 연구하였다. 선행 연구들을 통해 잠재적으로 중요한 설명요인으로 부각된 주요 변수들을 서너 가지 범주로 재구성한 후 일련의 회귀방정식을 구성, 이를 통해 설명변인들의 상대적인 영향력을 평가하였으며, 해당 연구 결과가 갖는 함의들을 논의하였다. Majorities of researches on fear of crime are provided in Western societies and the topic has not been broadly studied in Asian societies. The previous literatures suggest that the conceptual models of fear of crime are also applicable to the people of different culture and ethnic background. In this respect, the following study analyzed survey data from samples of 309 individuals of Mongolian immigrants in Seoul metropolitan areas, South Korea. In this study we deployed OLS regressions to compete conceptual models of fear of crime. Consistent with previous studies, victimization model, disorder model, and community concern model moderately predicted fear of crime among Mongolian immigrants in South Korea.

FEAR OF CRIME IN A TRANSITIONAL SOCIETY: THE CASE OF MONGOLIAN CITIZENS

Chuluunbat, Sharkhuu,이민식 한국테러학회 2016 한국테러학회보 Vol.9 No.2

This study addresses on the fear of crime among Mongolian citizens. Mongolia is a land-locked country with a huge, empty land and a small population (about 3 millions, NSO, 2015) between two giants, Russian Federation and People’s Republic of China, and less developed in comparison with its neighbors. Mongolia made its transition from a socialist society into a democratic society in 1992. After transition to the free economic system, the uprising of crime rates has become a staple feature and fear of crime among residents became an important issue in the cities of Mongolia. However, even though fear of crime has been a major research topic in the literature more than five decades, this study is the first attempt to examine the issue among Mongolian citizens. In the current study, we testify three alternative models explaining fear of crime using reorganized sets of predictors. The data come from a survey conducted in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, during autumn 2015. The OSL regression results are presented according to different models separated by fear at home and fear at the street.

한. 몽. 중. 일의 국가 색채 이미지 비교 분석 연구

샤르후 만달마(Sharkhuu Mandalmaa) 한국색채학회 2007 한국색채학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.-

교차 다이폴을 이용한 이중 선형편파 반사경 안테나 피드 설계

사이르후 자활랑(Javkhlan Sharkhuu),자르갈사이칸 나이암바얄(Nyambayar Jargalsaikhan),신애령(Ailing Shen),안병철(Bierng-Chearl Ahn) 한국정보기술학회 2017 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.15 No.7

Dual-polarized reflector antennas are used in such applications as radar, radiometer, space radio observation, and communication. In this paper, a dual-polarized reflector antenna feed is proposed that employs crossed dipoles. The proposed feed consists of a cylindrical cavity, printed crossed dipoles and parasitic element, microstrip feed lines and baluns, and coaxial probes. Major design parameters of the feed are dipole length, dipole distance from the ground plane, dipole feed point, length and location of the parasitic dipole. An optimum design is obtained from the change of feed reflection coefficient versus design parameters of the feed. The designed feed has been fabricated and its characteristics have been measured. Measurements have shown that the proposed feed has reflection coefficient of less than -10dB and isolation of greater than 25dB -10dB beamwidth of 133° and 145° in E- and H-planes respectively at 1.9~3.0GHz.

The Arabidopsis SUMO E3 Iigase SIZ1 controls phosphate deficiency responses

Miura, Kenji,Rus, Ana,Sharkhuu, Altanbadralt,Yokoi, Shuji,Karthikeyan, Athikkattuvalasu S.,Raghothama, Kashchandra G.,Bae k, Dongwon,Koo, Yoon-Duck,Jin, Jing-Bo,Bressan, Ray A.,Yun, Dae-Jin,Hasegawa, Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2005 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2005 No.

Plants sense phosphate (Pi) deficiency and initiate signaling that controls adaptive responses necessary for Pi acquisition. Herein, evidence establishes that AtSIZ1 is a plant small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) E3 ligase and is a focal controller of Pi starvation-dependent responses. T-DNA insertional mutated alleles of AtSIZ1(At5g60410) cause Arabidopsis to exhibit exaggerated prototypical Pi starvation responses, including cessation of primary root growth, extensive lateral root and root hair development, increase in root/shoot mass ratio, and greater anthocyanin accumulation, even though intracellular Pi levels in siz1 plants were similar to wild type. AtSIZ1 has SUMO E3 ligase activity in vitro, and immunoblot analysis revealed that the protein sumoylation profile is impaired in siz1 plants. AtSIZ1-GFP was localized to nuclear foci. Steady-state transcript abundances of Pi starvation-responsive genes AtPT2, AtPS2, and AtPS3 were moderate but clearly greater in siz1 seedlings that in wild type, where Pi is sufficient. Pi starvation induced the expression of these genes to the same extent in siz1 and wild-type seedlings. However, two other Pi starvation-responsive genes, AtlPS1 and AtRNS1, are induced more slowly in siz1 seedlings by Pi limitation. PHR1, a MYB transcriptional activator of AtIPS1 and AtRNS1, is as AtRNS1 sumoylation target. These results indicate that AtSIZ1 is a SUMO E3 ligase and that sumoylation is a control mechanism that acts both negatively and positively on different Pi deficiency responses.

테러에 대한 두려움이 정부의 사생활 침해 우려에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구: 한국과 미국 시민들 간 비교 검증

한성일,황의갑,Chuluunbat, Sharkhuu 한국테러학회 2016 한국테러학회보 Vol.9 No.4

The public demand for the governments to administer strategies to protect citizens is intense under the increasing trend of terrorist acts. The negative side of governments’ surveillance and intelligence activities is linked to public concern for the intrusion of citizens’ privacy rights. The increased power of governments for the anti-terrorism activities may result in intrusion of citizen rights and so it is important to understand the factors of the willingness of the public to support the government regarding anti-terrorism policies despite unavoidable side effects including intrusion of privacy rights. For this purpose, it is essential to investigate factors of public perceptions of the government’s intrusion on privacy rights to see whether fear of terrorism has effects on such perceptions. In addition, a comparative study between the United States and Korea may help establish proper policies for anti-terrorism strategies as situations of the politics and the culture may yield profound insights for each other. This study attempted to answer those research questions by using comparative survey data from citizens of the United States and Korea. Results showed that a higher fear of terrorism is associated with a higher worry of governments’ intrusion of privacy rights, but the public confidence in the government and the democracy were associated with reduced worry of those intrusions. Implications for policies and research were discussed based on the findings. 전 세계적으로 테러의 증가로 인해 국가보안을 위한 정부의 적절한 대응이 요구되고 있음에도, 감시와 관찰과 같은 테러 예방을 위한 정부의 활동으로 인해 발생할 수 있는 사생활 침해라는 정부정책의 부작용에 대한 우려 또한 증가하고 있다. 국가안보를 위한 권한의 위임과 집중은 헌법상의 기본권 침해로 나아갈 우려 역시 존재하고 때문에 국민의 인권을 보호하고 효율적인 대테러활동을 도모하기 위해서는 국민의 의견을 최대한 수렴하여 균형 있는 정책을 수립해야 한다. 국민들이 인식하는 국가에 의한 사생활 침해 우려에 영향을 미치는 요인들에 대한 연구는 그러한 정책수립에 도움이 될 것이다. 특히 대테러 정책을 선도하고 있는 미국과 한국의 시민들 간 사생활 침해 우려에 대한 비교 연구는 한국의 정책수립에 시사하는 바가 있을 것이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 미국과 한국의 시민들을 대상으로 기존의 선행연구들을 바탕으로 테러에 대한 두려움이 국가에 의한 사생활 침해 우려에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고, 사생활 침해 우려에 영향을 미치는 주요 영향요인들을 양국 간 비교해 보고자 하였다. 분석결과 테러에 대한 두려움이 높을수록 정부의 사생활 침해 우려 또한 높은 것을 알 수 있었으며, 정부에 대한 신뢰수준과 민주주의에 대한 인식이 높을수록 사생활 침해 우려는 낮다는 일반적인 결과를 확인할 수 있었다. 한국시민들에게 유의미하지 않은 영향요인들이 미국시민들에게서 발견되기도 하였다. 분석결과를 토대로 우리나라 대테러 정책에 대한 시사점을 논하였다.

The Arabidopsis SUMO E3 ligase SIZ1 controls phosphate deficiency responses.

Miura, Kenji,Rus, Ana,Sharkhuu, Altanbadralt,Yokoi, Shuji,Karthikeyan, Athikkattuvalasu S,Raghothama, Kashchandra G,Baek, Dongwon,Koo, Yoon Duck,Jin, Jing Bo,Bressan, Ray A,Yun, Dae-Jin,Hasegawa, Paul National Academy of Sciences 2005 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.102 No.21

<P>Plants sense phosphate (Pi) deficiency and initiate signaling that controls adaptive responses necessary for Pi acquisition. Herein, evidence establishes that AtSIZ1 is a plant small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) E3 ligase and is a focal controller of Pi starvation-dependent responses. T-DNA insertional mutated alleles of AtSIZ1 (At5g60410) cause Arabidopsis to exhibit exaggerated prototypical Pi starvation responses, including cessation of primary root growth, extensive lateral root and root hair development, increase in root/shoot mass ratio, and greater anthocyanin accumulation, even though intracellular Pi levels in siz1 plants were similar to wild type. AtSIZ1 has SUMO E3 ligase activity in vitro, and immunoblot analysis revealed that the protein sumoylation profile is impaired in siz1 plants. AtSIZ1-GFP was localized to nuclear foci. Steadystate transcript abundances of Pi starvation-responsive genes AtPT2, AtPS2, and AtPS3 were moderate but clearly greater in siz1 seedlings than in wild type, where Pi is sufficient. Pi starvation induced the expression of these genes to the same extent in siz1 and wild-type seedlings. However, two other Pi starvation-responsive genes, AtIPS1 and AtRNS1, are induced more slowly in siz1 seedlings by Pi limitation. PHR1, a MYB transcriptional activator of AtIPS1 and AtRNS1, is an AtSIZ1 sumoylation target. These results indicate that AtSIZ1 is a SUMO E3 ligase and that sumoylation is a control mechanism that acts both negatively and positively on different Pi deficiency responses.</P>

yucca6, a Dominant Mutation in Arabidopsis, Affects Auxin Accumulation and Auxin-Related Phenotypes

Kim, J.I.,Sharkhuu, A.,Jin, J.B.,Li, P.,Jeong, J.C.,Baek, D.,Lee, S.Y.,Blakeslee, J.J.,Murphy, A.S.,Bohnert, H.J. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLANT BIOLOGISTS 2007 PLANT PHYSIOLOGY - Vol.145 No.3

전환기 사회의 경찰에 대한 신뢰 연구: 몽골 사례

장현석 ( Hyunseok Jang ),엔크볼트밧제백 ( Enkhbold Batzeveg ),출룬밧샤르후 ( Chuluunbat Sharkhuu ) 대한범죄학회 2015 한국범죄학 Vol.9 No.2

전화기 사회에서 경찰의 역할은 매우 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 경찰은 사회질서를 유지하면서 성공적으로 체제가 전환되도록 지원하는 역할을 해야 한다. 따라서 전환기 사회에서 경찰에 대한 신뢰는 더욱 중요한 역할을 한다고 볼 수 있다. 하지만 대부분의 경찰 신뢰도에 대한 선행연구들은 미국을 비롯한 서구 국가들을 대상으로 이루어졌다. 따라서 전환기사회의 경찰 신뢰도 연구가 부족한 것을 인지하면서, 본 연구는 대표적인 전환기 사회인 몽골 자료를 이용하여 어떠한 요인들이 전환기 사회 사람들의 경찰에 대한 신뢰도에 영향을 주는 지 조사하였다. 몽골은 대표적인 전환기 사회로서 구소련의 영향을 받은 전체주의 국가에서 민주주의 국가로 갑작스런 변화를 경험한 국가이다. Global Barometer Survey(GBS) 자료 분석 결과, 민주주의에 대한 만족도, 범죄 피해경험, 그리고 부패에 대한 인식이 유의미한 설명요인이었다. 선행연구와 비교했을 때, 전환기 사회의 경우, 민주주의에 대한 만족도와 부패에 대한 인식이 경찰 신뢰도를 설명하는 중요한 요인인 것을 알 수 있었다. Trust in the police plays an important role in a country of transition, since the police needs to maintain social order as well as supports the transition of a society. However, most of the previous studies on the trust in the police concentrated on the western countries, especially the United States. Recognizing the lack of research on this area, current study examined the trust in the police among Mongolian people. Mongolia, as a transitional society, went through the sudden transition from the communism-based authoritarian country into the democratic country. Analyzing Global Barometer Survey (GBS), current study found that satisfaction with democracy, crime victimization experience, and perception on the corruption were significant explanatory factors. Compared to the previous studies, in the case of transitional society, satisfaction with democracy and perception on the corruption were important factor in explaining trust in the police.

Estimation of Monthly Average Daily Radiation in Mongolia Using Angstrom-Prescott Regression Models

Sainbold Saranchimeg,Nirmal K.C. Nair,Enebish Namjil,Molor Sharkhuu,Mendbayar Bayarsaikhan 한국신재생에너지학회 2019 AFORE Vol.2019 No.11