Contact toxicity and transcriptomic analysis of terpinen-4-ol exposure in Tribolium castaneum

Shan-shan Gao,Yong-lei Zhang,Kun-peng Zhang,Wang Xing-yun,Qing-bo Tang,Yuan-chen Zhang 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.3

The terpene, terpinen-4-ol (T4ol), exhibits contact toxicity in Tribolium castaneum. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this toxicity have not been elucidated. This study examined changes in the expression of four classic enzymes after exposure of T. castaneum to T4ol. Acetylcholinesterase and glutathione S-transferase activities were markedly inhibited after exposure to T4ol, while that of the detoxifying enzyme cytochrome oxidase P450 increased markedly. Carboxylesterase activity did not show significant changes. Furthermore, RNA sequencing revealed 260 differentially expressed genes (DEG) between the T4ol-treated and control samples, and qRT-PCR was used to validate the RNA-Seq data. The Gene Ontology analysis classified the DEGs into 36 functional groups, including the immune system processes, response to stimulus, and developmental processes. T4ol altered the response to stimulus and the immune system process of beetles by inducing the expression of the genes Stabilin-1, Attacin 1, and Defensin 1. Furthermore, the DEGs receptor tyrosine kinase Torso-like protein (RTKTsl), Frizzled 4 (Fz4), Protein Wnt-5b, Ecdysone-induced protein 78C (E78), Zinc finger protein GLIS1 (ZFPGLIS1) were classified as participating in beetle development, and Fz4 and Protein Wnt-5b also mapped to the Wnt signaling pathway. This indicated that pathways associated with development are inhibited after exposure to T4ol. T4ol also induced CYP9Z6/GSTs7 overexpression, and RNAi targeting these genes significantly increased larvae mortality on T4ol exposure, supporting the participation of CYP9Z6/GSTs7 in the response to T4ol in T. castaneum. The results of this study will facilitate understanding of the toxic mechanisms of T4ol and provide a basis for controlling the pests of stored products.

Sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to Antimalarial Drugs in Hainan Island, China

Shan-Qing Wang,Guang-Ze Wang,Yu-Chun Li,Feng Meng,Shi-Gan Lin,Zhen-Hu Zhu,Ding-Wei Sun,Chang-Hua He,Xi-Min Hu,Jian-Wei Du 대한기생충학열대의학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.53 No.1

Study on the mechanical behaviors of timber frame with the simplified column foot joints

Qing-shan Yang,Jun-xiao He,Juan Wang 국제구조공학회 2021 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.77 No.3

Column foot in traditional Chinese timber structures may be subjected to be uplifted due to the lateral load and subsequently reset under the vertical loads. The residual moment of the rocking column foot is the most important parameter representing the mechanical behaviors of column foot, and the simplification of joints is the basis of structural analysis of whole structure. The complicated mechanical behaviors of joint and the modeling of the column foot joint has been undertaken historically based on the experiments and numerical simulation. On the condition of limited application range of those models, a lack of simplified model to represent the mechanical behaviors of joint deserves attentions. There is a great need to undertake theoretical studies to derive the residual moment and make better simplified model of the joint. This paper proposes the residual moment and equivalent simplified model of the rotational stiffness for column foot joint. And, the timber frame is established based on the simplified model, which is verified by solid finite element model. Results show that a mutual agreement on the mechanical behaviors of the timber frame is obtained between the simplified model and the solid finite element model. This study can serve as the references of the structural analysis for the traditional timber structures.

Overexpression of Tbx3 Predicts Poor Prognosis of Patients with Resectable Pancreatic Carcinoma

Wang, Hong-Cheng,Meng, Qing-Cai,Shan, Ze-Zhi,Yuan, Zhou,Huang, Xin-Yu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.4

Background: To determine the expressions of Tbx3, a member of subgroup belonging to T-box family, and its prognostic value in pancreatic carcinoma. Materials and Methods: We determined the expression levels of Tbx3 on both mRNA and protein levels in 30 pairs of fresh tumor tissues and paratumor tissues by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. In addition, protein level of Tbx3 were identified using immunochemistry in 80 pairs of paraffin-embedded specimen. The correlations between Tbx3 expression and various clinicopathological parameters as well as overall survival were evaluated. Results: Tbx3 mRNA and protein levels in tumor tissues were significantly higher than in the paratumor tissues by qRT-PCR ($0.05{\pm}0.007$ vs. $0.087{\pm}0.001$, p<0.001) and western blotting ($1.134{\pm}0.043$ vs. $0.287{\pm}0.017$, p<0.001). The statistical analysis based on immunohistochemical evaluation suggested that Tbx3 aberrant expression was significantly associated with several conventional clinicopathological variables, such as gender, age, tumor position, preoperative CA19-9 level, pathological T staging and N staging. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that Tbx3 expression was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (<0.001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that overexpression of Tbx3 is associated with poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. However, additional clinical trials are needed to accurately validate this observation.

Comparative Phylogenetic Relationships and Genetic Structure of the Caterpillar Fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis and Its Host Insects Inferred from Multiple Gene Sequences

Qing-Mei Quan,Qing-Xia Wang,Xue-Li Zhou,Shan Li,Xiao-Ling Yang,Yun-Guo Zhu,Zhou Cheng 한국미생물학회 2014 The journal of microbiology Vol.52 No.2

Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Ascomycota: Ophiocordycipitaceae)is a native fungal parasite of Hepialidae caterpillars and oneof the most economically important medicinal caterpillarfungi in China. However, little is known about the phylogeneticand evolutionary relationships between O. sinensis andits host insects. In this study, nuclear ITS and β-tubulin sequencesfrom O. sinensis and mitochondrial COI, COII, andCytb sequences from its hosts were analyzed across 33 populationssampled from five regions in China. Phylogenetically,both O. sinensis and its hosts were divided into three geographicallycorrelated clades, and their phylogenies were congruent. Analysis of molecular variance and calculated coefficientsof genetic differentiation revealed significant geneticdivergence among the clades within both O. sinensis (FST=0.878, NST=0.842) and its hosts (FST=0.861, NST=0.816). Estimatedgene flow was very low for O. sinensis (Nm=0.04) andthe host insects (Nm=0.04) among these three clades. Manteltests demonstrated a significant correlation (P<0.01) betweenthe genetic distances for O. sinensis and its hosts, as well as asignificant association (P<0.05) between geographic and geneticdistances in both. The similar phylogenetic relationships,geographic distributions, and genetic structure and differentiationbetween O. sinensis and its hosts imply that they have coevolved.

Study on mechanical behaviors of column foot joint in traditional timber structure

Wang, Juan,He, Jun-Xiao,Yang, Qing-Shan,Yang, Na Techno-Press 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.66 No.1

Column is usually floating on the stone base directly with or without positioning tenon in traditional Chinese timber structure. Vertical load originated by the heavy upper structure would induce large friction force and compression force between interfaces of column foot and stone base. This study focused on the mechanical behaviors of column foot joint with consideration of the influence of vertical load. Mechanism of column rocking and stress state of column foot has been explored by theoretical analysis. A nonlinear finite element model of column foot joint has been built and verified using the full-scale test. The verified model is then used to investigate the mechanical behaviors of the joint subjected to cyclic loading with different static vertical loads. Column rocking mechanism and stress distributions of column foot were studied in detail, showing good agreement with the theoretical analysis. Mechanical behaviors of column foot joint and the effects of the vertical load on the seismic behavior of column foot were studied. Result showed that compression stress, restoring moment and stiffness increased with the increase of vertical load. An appropriate vertical load originated by the heavy upper structure would produce certain restoring moment and reset the rocking columns, ensuring the stability of the whole frame.

Sensor selection approach for damage identification based on response sensitivity

Wang, Juan,Yang, Qing-Shan Techno-Press 2017 Structural monitoring and maintenance Vol.4 No.1

The response sensitivity method in time domain has been applied extensively for damage identification. In this paper, the relationship between the error of damage identification and the sensitivity matrix is investigated through perturbation analysis. An index is defined according to the perturbation amplify effect and an optimal sensor placement method is proposed based on the minimization of that index. A sequential sub-optimal algorithm is presented which results in consistently good location selection. Numerical simulations with a two-dimensional high truss structure are conducted to validate the proposed method. Results reveal that the damage identification using the optimal sensor placement determined by the proposed method can identify multiple damages of the structure more accurately.

Electrochemical Performance of MoS₂ Cathode Prepared by Exfoliation-Restacking Process for Lithium Ion Batteries

Wang, Shiquan,Zhang, Qing,Jiang, Xueya,Zheng, Diwei,Li, Lin,Xu, Shan,Zheng, Hao,Kim, Seung-Joo,Feng, Chuanqi American Scientific Publishers 2017 Science Of Advanced Materials Vol.9 No.3

Field-Emission Property of Self-Purification SiC/SiOx Coaxial Nanowires Synthesized via Direct Microwave Irradiation Using Iron-Containing Catalyst

Qing Zhou,Yongzhi Yu,Shan Huang,Jiang Meng,Jigang Wang 대한금속·재료학회 2017 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.13 No.4

SiC/SiOx coaxial nanowires were rapidly synthesized via directmicrowave irradiation in low vacuum atmosphere. During the preparationprocess, only graphite, silicon, silicon dioxide powders were used as rawmaterials and iron-containing substance was employed as catalyst. Comprehensive characterizations were employed to investigate themicrostructure of the products. The results showed that a great quantityof coaxial nanowires with uniform sizes and high aspect ratio had beensuccessfully achieved. The coaxial nanowires consist of a silicon oxide(SiOx) shell and a β-phase silicon carbide (β-SiC) core that exhibited inspecial tube brush like. In additional, nearly all the products wereachieved in the statement of pure SiC/SiOx coaxial nanowires withoutthe existence of metallic catalyst, indicating that the self-removal of iron(Fe) catalyst should be occurred during the synthesis process. Photoluminescence (PL) spectral analysis result indicated that suchnovel SiC/SiOx coaxial nanowires exhibited significant blue-shift. Besides, the measurement results of field-emission (FE) demonstratedthat the SiC/SiOx coaxial nanowires had ultralow turn-on field andthreshold field with values of 0.2 and 2.1 V/μm, respectively. The heterojunctionstructure formed between SiOx shell and SiC core, lots ofemission sites, as well as clear tips of the nanowires were applied toexplain the excellent FE properties.

Design and implementation of a SHM system for a heritage timber building

Qing-shan Yang,Juan Wang,Sunjoong Kim,Huihui Chen,Billie F. Spencer Jr 국제구조공학회 2022 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.29 No.4

Heritage timber structures represent the history and culture of a nation. These structures have been inherited from previous generations; however, they inevitably exhibit deterioration over time, potentially leading to structural deficiencies. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) offers the potential to assess operational anomalies, deterioration, and damage through processing and analysis of data collected from transducers and sensors mounted on the structure. This paper reports on the design and implementation of a long-term SHM system on the Feiyun Wooden Pavilion in China, a three-story timber building built more than 500 years ago. The principles and features of the design and implementation of SHM systems for heritage timber buildings are systematically discussed. In total, 104 sensors of 6 different types are deployed on the structure to monitor the environmental effects and structural responses, including air temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, structural temperatures, strain, inclination, and acceleration. In addition, integrated data acquisition and transmission subsystem using a newly developed software platform are implemented. Selected preliminary statistical and correlation analysis using one year of monitoring data are presented to demonstrate the condition assessment capability of the system based on the monitoring data.