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Rizwan, Muhammad,Ali, Shafaqat,Qayyum, Muhammad Farooq,Ok, Yong Sik,Adrees, Muhammad,Ibrahim, Muhammad,Zia-ur-Rehman, Muhammad,Farid, Mujahid,Abbas, Farhat Elsevier 2017 Journal of hazardous materials Vol.322 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The concentrations of engineered metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have increased in the environment due to increasing demand of NPs based products. This is causing a major concern for sustainable agriculture. This review presents the effects of NPs on agricultural crops at biochemical, physiological and molecular levels. Numerous studies showed that metal and metal oxide NPs affected the growth, yield and quality of important agricultural crops. The NPs altered mineral nutrition, photosynthesis and caused oxidative stress and induced genotoxicity in crops. The activities of antioxidant enzymes increased at low NPs toxicity while decreased at higher NPs toxicity in crops. Due to exposure of crop plants to NPs, the concentration of NPs increased in different plant parts including fruits and grains which could transfer to the food chain and pose a threat to human health. In conclusion, most of the NPs have both positive and negative effects on crops at physiological, morphological, biochemical and molecular levels. The effects of NPs on crop plants vary greatly with plant species, growth stages, growth conditions, method, dose, and duration of NPs exposure along with other factors. Further research orientation is also discussed in this review article.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used worldwide. </LI> <LI> NPs has both positive and negative effects of crop plants. </LI> <LI> NPs toxicity decreased growth, biomass and yield of food crops. </LI> <LI> This review discussed the NPs effects and toxicity mechanisms in food crops. </LI> </UL> </P>
Cadmium phytoremediation potential of <i>Brassica</i> crop species: A review
Rizwan, Muhammad,Ali, Shafaqat,Zia ur Rehman, Muhammad,Rinklebe, Jö,rg,Tsang, Daniel C.W.,Bashir, Arooj,Maqbool, Arosha,Tack, F.M.G.,Ok, Yong Sik Elsevier 2018 Science of the Total Environment Vol.631 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic metal released into the environment through anthropogenic activities. Phytoremediation is a green technology used for the stabilization or remediation of Cd-contaminated soils. <I>Brassica</I> crop species can produce high biomass under a range of climatic and growing conditions, allowing for considerable uptake and accumulation of Cd, depending on species. These crop species can tolerate Cd stress via different mechanisms, including the stimulation of the antioxidant defense system, chelation, compartmentation of Cd into metabolically inactive parts, and accumulation of total amino-acids and osmoprotectants. A higher Cd-stress level, however, overcomes the defense system and may cause oxidative stress in <I>Brassica</I> species due to overproduction of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. Therefore, numerous approaches have been followed to decrease Cd toxicity in <I>Brassica</I> species, including selection of Cd-tolerant cultivars, the use of inorganic and organic amendments, exogenous application of soil organisms, and employment of plant-growth regulators. Furthermore, the coupling of genetic engineering with cropping may also help to alleviate Cd toxicity in <I>Brassica</I> species. However, several field studies demonstrated contrasting results. This review suggests that the combination of Cd-tolerant <I>Brassica</I> cultivars and the application of soil amendments, along with proper agricultural practices, may be the most efficient means of the soil Cd phytoattenuation. Breeding and selection of Cd-tolerant species, as well as species with higher biomass production, might be needed in the future when aiming to use <I>Brassica</I> species for phytoremediation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>Brassica</I> species can be considered a potential candidate for Cd phytoremediation. </LI> <LI> <I>Brassica</I> species can accumulate most of the soil Cd in its parts. </LI> <LI> Different amendments can be applied to enhance Cd tolerance in <I>Brassica</I> species. </LI> <LI> Integrated agricultural practices can be used to enhance Cd uptake in <I>Brassica</I> species. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Shakoor, Muhammad Bilal,Nawaz, Rab,Hussain, Fida,Raza, Maimoona,Ali, Shafaqat,Rizwan, Muhammad,Oh, Sang-Eun,Ahmad, Sajjad Elsevier 2017 Science of the Total Environment Vol.601 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Arsenic (As) is a naturally occurring metalloid and Class-A human carcinogen. Exposure to As via direct intake of As-contaminated water or ingestion of As-contaminated edible crops is considered a life threatening problem around the globe. Arsenic-laced drinking water has affected the lives of over 200 million people in 105 countries worldwide. Limited data are available on various health risk assessment models/frameworks used to predict carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health effects caused by As-contaminated water. Therefore, this discussion highlights the need for future research focusing on human health risk assessment of individual As species (both organic and inorganic) present in As-contaminated water. Various conventional and latest technologies for remediation of As-contaminated water are also reviewed along with a discussion of the fate of As-loaded waste and sludge.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Arsenic is recognized as a Class-A human carcinogen. </LI> <LI> Groundwater As contamination has affected over 200 million people worldwide. </LI> <LI> This paper reviews current knowledge regarding As in the environment. </LI> <LI> A critical assessment of remediation of contaminated water is presented. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Qayyum, Muhammad Farooq,Rehman, Muhammad Zia ur,Ali, Shafaqat,Rizwan, Muhammad,Naeem, Asif,Maqsood, Muhammad Aamer,Khalid, Hinnan,Rinklebe, Jö,rg,Ok, Yong Sik Elsevier 2017 CHEMOSPHERE - Vol.174 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in agricultural soils is one of the major threats to food security. The application of inorganic amendments such as mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP), gypsum and elemental sulfur (S) could alleviate the negative effects of Cd in crops. However, their long-term residual effects on decreasing Cd uptake in latter crops remain unclear. A field that had previously been applied with treatments including control and 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8% by weight of each MAP, gypsum and S, and grown with wheat and rice and thereafter wheat in the rotation was selected for this study. Wheat (<I>Triticum aestivum</I> L.) was grown in the same field as the third crop without further application of amendments to evaluate the residual effects of the amendments on Cd uptake by wheat. Plants were harvested at maturity and grain, and straw yield along with Cd concentration in soil, straw, and grains was determined. The addition of MAP and gypsum significantly increased wheat growth and yield and decreased Cd accumulation in straw and grains compared to control while the reverse was found in S application. Both MAP and gypsum decreased AB-DTPA extractable Cd in soil while S increased the bioavailable Cd in soil. Both MAP and gypsum increased the Cd immobilization in the soil and S decreased Cd immobilization in a dose-additive manner. We conclude that MAP and gypsum had a significant residual effect on decreasing Cd uptake in wheat. The cost-benefit ratio revealed that gypsum is an effective amendment for decreasing Cd concentration in plants.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Residual monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and gypsum reduced the Cd uptake in wheat. </LI> <LI> Amendment of residual elemental sulfur (S) increased Cd uptake in plants. </LI> <LI> Gypsum had the highest cost-benefit ratio compared with MAP and elemental S. </LI> <LI> Gypsum may be used to enhance crop production in Cd-contaminated soils. </LI> </UL> </P>
Arsenic(V) biosorption by charred orange peel in aqueous environments
Abid, Muhammad,Niazi, Nabeel Khan,Bibi, Irshad,Farooqi, Abida,Ok, Yong Sik,Kunhikrishnan, Anitha,Ali, Fawad,Ali, Shafaqat,Igalavithana, Avanthi Deshani,Arshad, Muhammad Taylor Francis 2016 International journal of phytoremediation Vol.18 No.5
Remediation of arsenic-contaminated water using agricultural wastes as biosorbents
Shakoor, Muhammad Bilal,Niazi, Nabeel Khan,Bibi, Irshad,Murtaza, Ghulam,Kunhikrishnan, Anitha,Seshadri, Balaji,Shahid, Muhammad,Ali, Shafaqat,Bolan, Nanthi S.,Ok, Yong Sik,Abid, Muhammad,Ali, Fawad Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2016 Critical reviews in environmental science and tech Vol.46 No.5
<P>Arsenic (As) contamination of groundwater reservoirs is a global environmental and health issue given to its toxic and carcinogenic nature. Over 170 million people have been affected by As due to the ingestion of As-contaminated groundwater. Conventional methods such as reverse osmosis, ion exchange, and electrodialysis are commonly used for the remediation of As-contaminated water; however, the high cost and sludge production put limitations on their application to remove As from water. This review critically addresses the use of various agricultural waste materials (e.g., sugarcane bagasse, peels of various fruits, wheat straw) as biosorbents, thereby offering an eco-friendly and low-cost solution for the removal of As from contaminated water supplies. The effect of solution chemistry such as solution pH, cations, anions, organic ligands, and various other factors (e.g., temperature, contact time, sorbent dose) on As biosorption, and safe disposal methods for As-loaded biosorbents to reduce secondary As contamination are also discussed.</P>