Study on Aging Effect of Adhesion Strength Between Polyimide Film and Copper Layer

Seok‑Bon Koo,Chang‑Myeon Lee,Sang‑Jun Kwon,Jun‑Mi Jeon,Jin‑young Hur,Hong‑Kee Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.1

This paper experimentally confirmed that the adhesion strength of the copper layer formed on the surface of the polyimidefilm by wet plating greatly changes with the aging time. The adhesion strength of the copper layer showed a rapid increasefrom 4 to 10 h after aging had begun and then converged to a value without a significant change. The adhesion enhancementbetween polyimide film and copper layer by aging is due to the interlocking effect caused by the volume expansion of copperoxide (CuO) formed in the polyimide, the increased mobility of copper particles enlarged by the decrease of impuritiesin the copper layer grain boundaries, and the consequent change of the crystal structure of the copper layer leading to theinternal stress reduction. Such adhesion improvement can be confirmed by the progress of the cohesive failure indicatingthe breakdown of the polyimide film.

PIGL엥겔曲線體系의 推定에 있어서 特定體系와 等分散性에 대한 同時的 檢定

李錫求 건국대학교 경제경영연구소 2001 商經硏究 Vol.26 No.1

This paper deals with a procedure to estimate the PIGL Engel-Curve system, Ci= αiy+βiyy(λ) (i= 1, 2, ‥‥, n), including as special cases the two well-known systems, i.e., the linear Engel Curve system(when λ = -1 ) and the Working-Leser Engel Curve system(when λ = 0). Then the assumed generalized variance-covariance matrix ***** disturbance vector εh(h= 1,2, ‥‥, H) includes as special cases the homoskedasticity(when δ= 0) and the specific heteroskedasticity(when δ= 2). Also, this study presents an approach to test simultaneously for specific system and homoskedasticity(or specific heteroskedasticity) by specifying various models nested in the generalized heteroskedastic PIGL model.

還元鐵 粉末을 混合한 카보닐鐵 粉末의 射出成形時 結合劑 選擇

具光德,李奭羲,成章鉉 東亞大學校 大學院 1993 大學院論文集 Vol.18 No.-

To select the optimum binder composition in the metal injection molding of the mixed powders of carbonyl and reduction powders, the PW, CW, SA and HDPE were selected as a multi-component binder and optimum applicable compostion of the multi-component binder was determined during the metal injection molding process. With increasing the HDPE content in the multi-component binders, the moldability(spiral length) decreased. The multi-component binder were condensed separated above 30wt.% of the HDPE. and the improvement of the moldability did not appear above 2wt.% addition of the Sa in the multicomponent binders. Considering the irregular particl size and proous holes at the surface of the reduction powder, it is possible to obtain a sound component for the composition of the binders of 82wt.%PW< 11wt.%CW, 5wT.%HDPE and 2wt.%SA in spited of the secrifice of the st4rength of the green part. The moldability and density decreased with increasing the weight fraction of the reduction powder. The minimum spiral length to obtain a sound green parts of the tensile testing specimen could be determined by using the moldability test. With increasing the weight fraction of the reduction ppoweder, the linear shrinkage decreased and also the sintered density incrased after decreasing at the 10wt.% addition of reduction powders.

고령자를 위한 주거시설 치수 표준화과정에 관한 연구

이특구,권순정,오은진,김상길,김석준,김노석 한국의료복지시설학회 2006 의료·복지 건축 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this Guideline is to provide basic standardization basis for planning and designing of the dwellings so that elderly may live, either with their family or independently, an independently comfortable life style. Dwelling facility is defined as a physical area where important activities of daily life are conducted by a person/people and is also the focal place of a family. Therefore, the Guideline classifies the areas where daily activities are conducted by type of such activities and provides standards to countermeasure for natural physical disabilities of the elders.

금강 하구호 나포에서 식물플랑크톤 수직분포의 일변화

이석구,부성민 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1999 環境硏究 Vol.17 No.-

Daily vertical distribution of phytoplankton was investigated during some blue-green algal blooming in Napo, Kumgang river in September, 1999. The surface water temperature was in a range of 28.8℃ (at 16:00) - 27.3℃ (noon). Although there few changes in the concentration of nitrite (0.062±0.002 - 0.064±0.001 mgN/ℓ) and nitrate (1.770±0.046 - 1.823±0.075 mgN/ℓ), ammonium ranged from 0.230±0.042 mgN/ℓ to 0.180±0.046 mgN/ℓ. Phosphate concentration ranged from 1.227±1.685 mgP/ℓ to 0.530±0.691 mgP/ℓ. Based on cell counting, the Bacillariophyceae and Chlorophyceae moved up and down along water column markedly. This result indicates that daily vertical distribution of planktonic green algae and diatoms may be determined by light rather than nutrients. The Cyanophyceae showed the highest standing crops and almost aggregated to the upper regions of water column throughout day. Of the blue-green algae, Microcystis species were very abundant in every sampling. It is probable that the cells of Microcystis species are covered with mucilage and readily floating compared to other filamentous species.

戰時 民間人 保護를 위한 國際法的 規制 : 한국전쟁 시 소위 "충북 영동군 황간면 노근리 민간인 살상사건"과 관련하여

李載坤,鄭求燾,吳玧錫 忠南大學校 法學硏究所 1999 法學硏究 Vol.10 No.1

學部 應用統計學科이 敎育課程設定에 관한 小考 : 建國大學校를 中心으로

李錫求 건국대학교 1984 學術誌 Vol.28 No.1

Nowdays, statistics is widely applied to almost every phase of human activity. This implies the importance and necessity of statistics education In Korea, universities have begun to establish the department of statistics 20 years ago. So far, 32 universities (colleges) have opened this department. Even though late, compared with other universities, it is fortunate enough for Kon-Kuk University to open the department of applied statistics in 1982. However, only the opening of the department is not all that we should do. More important thing, in order effectively to handle the department, is precisely to study what its direction of education is and how its curriculum is modeled. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to present a foundation to build a systematic and effective curriculum model of Kon-Kuk University's program in applied statistics. In addition, this paper is prepared to give a little assistance in setting up the direction of education as well as promoting the effect of education in the department of applied statistics. This paper is organized in the following fashion ; (I) Introduction, (II) Direction of education of the department of applied statistics, (III) Setting up of the curriculum model, (IV) Conclusion and summary.

폴리머 시멘트 콘크리트의 동결융해 저항 특성 연구

이필호,이구연,전철수,연규석 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 2000 석재연 논문집 Vol.5 No.-

본 연구에서는 폐재자원인 광미를 잔골재의 일부로 사용하여 폴리머 시멘트 콘크리트를 제작하고 강도 특성 및 동결융해저항 특성을 실험적으로 구명하였다. 압축강도는 광미 혼입유물에 따라 262.5kg/㎠에서 422.9kg/㎠, 250kg/㎠에서 386.4kg/㎠로 증가하였으며, 휨강도는 44kg/㎠에서 107kg/㎠, 41kg/㎠에서 104kg/㎠로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이 결과 폴리머-시멘트비가 증가할수록 항도가 증대됨을 알 수 있으며, 광미를 사용할 경우 광미의 첨가로 내부 공극의 감소됨으로써 약간 증가된 것으로 판단된다. 폴리머 시멘트비가 0%일 경우 흡수율은 광미 무혼입의 경우 6.1%보다 광미 혼입의 경우 5.61%로 다소 낮은 값을 얻었으며, 폴리머 시멘트비가 20%일 경우에도 광미 무혼입의 경우 0.82%보다 광미 혼입의 경우 0.58%로 낮은 값을 얻을 수 있었다. 이 결과 폴리머 시멘트비가 증가할수록 흡수율이 작아졌으며, 폴리머를 혼입한 경우 흡수율이 48시간 동안 지속으로 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 폴리머 시멘트비가 5%에서 광미 무혼입의 경우 100.8%, 광미 혼입의 경우 106.6%로 가장 높은 상대 동탄성 계수를 얻어 폴리머의 혼입으로 인해 내구성이 향상되었음을 알 수 있었으며, 광미를 혼입함으로써 높은 상대 동탄성 계수를 얻을 수 있음을 알 수 있다. 폴리머 시멘트비가 5%에서 내구성 지수가 광미 무혼입의 경우 100.8%, 광미 혼입의 경우 106.6%로 크게 증가하였음을 알 수 있었고, 폴리머를 첨가한 경우에 있어서 내구성 지수가 상당히 높은 값을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. Metal-mine tailing was added as a source of fine aggregate for polymer cement concrete(MTPCC) which was investigated with respect to the properties of strength and the resistance of freezing and thawing. Strength of MTPCC was improved over olymer cement concrete(PCC). It was believed that the addition of metal-mine tailing decreased the porosity of the fine aggregates to improve strength of the polymer cement concrete. It was found that the resistance to freezing and thawing of MTPCC was improved over PCC.

암석 슬러지를 이용한 건자재 개발

이필호,이구연,전철수,연규석,이윤수,인교진 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 2000 석재연 논문집 Vol.5 No.-

본 연구는 1993년부터 춘천시 신동면 형돌리 산 62번지 내에서 흑운모 화강암 및 편마암 암석을 원자재로 사용하여 건설기초재료인 쇄설골재 및 인공모래를 생산하는 업체로부터 제품 생산 후 발생하는 토양 스러치 케익이 연간 약 10만 입방정도 발생한다는 사실에 기초하여 석산에서 채취된 페잔토(석분)의 화학적, 물리적, 역학적 특성을 조사하여 석분의 이용 가능성을 확인하기 위한 실험으로 단위 시멘트량을 400kg, 잔골재율을 45% 그리고 물-시멘트비를 65%로 고정하고 잔골재 중 석분을ㄹ 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% 및 60%로 치환하여 제조된 콘크리트의 기초적 성질을ㄹ 시험하였다. 그 결과 석분의 치환율이 높을 수록 공기량은 증가하고 슬럼프값이 감소하였는데 이는 미세한 입자인 석분을 잔골재의 일부로 치환함으로써 비표면적이 증가하였기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 압축강도와 휨강도는 모두 석분의 치환율이 증가할수록 압축강도와 휨강도는 다소 감소하는 경향을 나타냈으나 큰 성능차이는 보이지 않는 다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 실험을 통해 석분을 시멘트 콘크리트에 사용했을 경우 약간의 성능저하는 있지만 잔골재로의 활용이 가능하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 앞으로 건조수축, 균열, 크리이프 특성 및 내구성에 과한 연구가 더욱 심도있게 이루어져야 폐자원인 석분의 이용이 가능하리라 판단된다. This study aims to make cement concrete using crushed stone fines which are produced at Chuncheon city, Hyuldongri and find it's applications. According to the experimental results, when ratio of crushed stone fines was increased, air contents were increased and slump values were decreased. Also, the compressive strength and flexural strength were decreased when ration of crushed stone fines was increased. Although these strengths are decreased, the crushed stone fines can be used to construction materials because the decreased amounts are not so much.

폐경기 여성에서 호르몬 대치 요법시 병행 투여된 프로제스토젠 투여 방법에 따른 골대사의 생화학적 지표에 미치는 영향

이권해,강선영,임경빈,이해혁,구도형,이석민 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.1

Purpose : To evaluate the impact of added progestogen on biochemical markers of the bone turnover undergoing hormone replacement therapy in the postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods : There are 71 postmentopausal women who are divided into three groups (Group I, Group II, Group III). Group I(continuous combined)is given conjugated equine estrogen (CEE, 0.625mg, day 1-30) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA, 2.5mg, day 1-30), Group II(unopposed estrogen) is given conjugated equine estrogen (CEE, 0.625mg, day 1-30) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA, 5mg, day 1-12). And there were measured serum osteocalcin, serum total alkaline phosphatase and urinary deoxypyridinoline excretion before starting hormone replacement therapy and 12 months later. Results : The serum osteocalcin, serum total alkaline phosphatase and urinary deoxypyridinoline excretion significantly decreased after hormone replacement therapy (Group, I, II, III). And there was no significance in decreases in biochemical markers of the bone turnover among three groups. Conclusions : It was concluded that the impact of added progestogen on the biochemical markers of the bone turnover undergoing hormone replaced therapy in postmenopausal women was not significant than nothing added group. Thus we concluded that progestogen was not impact on decreasing on the biochemical markers of the bone turnover in postmenopausal women undergoing hormone replacement therapy.