Forebrain-specific ablation of phospholipase Cγ1 causes manic-like behavior

Yang, Y R,Jung, J H,Kim, S-J,Hamada, K,Suzuki, A,Kim, H J,Lee, J H,Kwon, O-B,Lee, Y K,Kim, J,Kim, E-K,Jang, H-J,Kang, D-S,Choi, J-S,Lee, C J,Marshall, J,Koh, H-Y,Kim, C-J,Seok, H,Kim, S H,Choi, J H,Ch Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nat 2017 Molecular psychiatry Vol.22 No.10

<P>Manic episodes are one of the major diagnostic symptoms in a spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders that include schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder and bipolar disorder (BD). Despite a possible association between BD and the gene encoding phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLCG1), its etiological basis remains unclear. Here, we report that mice lacking phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLC gamma 1) in the forebrain (Plcg1(f/f); CaMKII) exhibit hyperactivity, decreased anxiety-like behavior, reduced depressive-related behavior, hyperhedonia, hyperphagia, impaired learning and memory and exaggerated startle responses. Inhibitory transmission in hippocampal pyramidal neurons and striatal dopamine receptor D1-expressing neurons of Plcg1-deficient mice was significantly reduced. The decrease in inhibitory transmission is likely due to a reduced number of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic boutons, which may result from impaired localization and/or stabilization of postsynaptic CaMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) at inhibitory synapses. Moreover, mutant mice display impaired brain-derived neurotrophic factor-tropomyosin receptor kinase B-dependent synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, which could account for deficits of spatial memory. Lithium and valproate, the drugs presently used to treat mania associated with BD, rescued the hyperactive phenotypes of Plcg1(f/f); CaMKII mice. These findings provide evidence that PLC gamma 1 is critical for synaptic function and plasticity and that the loss of PLC gamma 1 from the forebrain results in manic-like behavior.</P>

소의 동결수정란이 수태에 미치는 영향;3. 오단계부유에 의한 그리세롤제거란의 외과적이식의 영향

이광원,지설하,조윤연,손동수,임경순,오대균,석호봉,김호중,오성용,윤충근,지디마혼 한국축산학회 1984 한국축산학회지 Vol.26 No.5

Frozen embryos with highest genetic-potency were imported from America in cooperation with the Holstein-Friesian of America and transferred to the recipients in the National Animal Breeding Institute. The estrus synchronization were induced with 64 cows by intramuscular injections of 25㎎ PGF₂α between 11 days interval. The frozen embryos thawed at 32℃ were rehydrated within the medium at 5 steps in order to remove glycerol. The embryos were transferred to 30 recipients with surgical method and the results were as follows: 1. Among 64 cows, heat inducing rate after 1st and 2nd injections of PGF₂α was 53.1 and 76.6%, respectively. 2. Most of synchronized estrus was induced within 2-4 days after PGF₂α injections, however prevalent one was within 3 days. 3. Heat inducing rate after 1st and 2nd injections of PGF₂α was 35.5 and 77.4% in the heifer and 69.7 and 75.8% in the cow. The rate after 2nd injection was much higher than 1st injection and the cow showed much higher rate than the heifer in 1st injection. 4. Among 30 recipients, 20 cows (66.7%) has corpus luteum in right ovary and 10 cows (33.3%) in the left. Three cows in 16 cows with A-class CL, 7 cows in 12 cows with B-class CL and 1 cow in 2 cows with C-class CL showed highest conception rate. 5. The frozen embryos staged from late morula to expended blastocysts were transferred and concepted. Conception was possible even in the C-class embryo. 6. Among 30 recipients, 11 cows (36.7%) were concepted and the cows (37.5%) showed slightly higher conception rate than the heifer (36.7%). 7. The conception rate of frozen embryo was 1 S.8% in first trial with 6 steps glycerol equilibration, 16.7% in 2nd trial with 2 steps sucrose equilibration and 36.7% in this 3rd trial with S steps glycerol equilibration. Third trial showed highest conception rate. 8. Among 79 recipients, 26 cows (32.9%) were concepted and farrowed. The conception rate of fresh embryos (55.6%) was higher than the frozen (26.2%) and that of the surgical (35.0%) was slightly higher than the nonsurgical (30.8%).

초음파 측정에 의한 한우의 도체육량 예측

이용준,전기준,최성복,석홍기,김석중,이성기,송영한 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.2

본 시험은 초음파를 이용한 한우의 도체육량등급 예측율을 향상시키기 위하여 24개월령 거세한우 573두를 대상으로 출하직전에 체중측정과 함께 실시간 초음파 진단기를 이용하여 도형체질을 측정하였다. 초음파 측정치와 도체실측치와의 비교분석에서 도출된 다양한 육량예측 기법을 이용하여 도체육량등급을 예측하였고, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 등지방 두께와 배최장근 단면적의 도체 실측치와 초음파 측정치간의 차이는 각각 0.6±1.65mm와 0.7±5.56㎡로 나타났다. 등지방 두께 및 배최장근 단면적의 초음파 측정치와 도체 실측치간의 상관계수는 각각 0.86 및 0.82로 높게 나타났다(p<0.001). 도체육량등급 예측율은 육량지수 산식, 등지방 보정식, 중회귀 분석 및 의사결정나무 분석에서 각각 80.3%, 81.3%, 80.1% 및 81.8%를 보여, 의사결정나무 분석이 예측율과 활용성이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. This study was conducted to predict the carcass yield traits using ultrasound before slaughter and to enhance the prediction accuracy of carcass yield grade by applying various strategies. For this experiment, five hundred seventy three Hanwoo steers of 24 months of age were used. Difference between ultrasound results and carcass measure of BFT and LMA was 0.6±1.65㎜ and 0.7±5.56㎤, respectively. Correlation coefficient between ultrasound result and carcass measure of BFT and LMA was 0.86 and 0.82 respectively (p<0.001). Results for improving predictions of yield grade by four methods0the Korean yield grade index equation, fat depth alone, regression and decision tree methods were 80.3%, 81.3% 80.1% and 81.8%, respectively. We conclude that the decision tree method can easily predict yield grade and is also useful for increasing prediction accuracy rate.

이온 보존 반응법에 의하여 표면처리된 Polyimide(PI) 표면과 구리박막의 접착력 향상

최성창,석진우,최원국,손용배,정형진,고석근 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 1997 하이브리드마이크로일렉트로닉스 Vol.4 No.1

Polyimide films are modified by Ar^+ion beam at 1 kV in an oxygen environments. Amounts of ions changed from 5 x 10^(15) to 1 x 10^(17) ions /㎠ and amounts of blowing oxygen from 0 to 8 sccm ml /min. The wettabilities and the surface free energies of modified polyimide were measured by a contact angle meter and the chemical state of the modified polyimide surface was measured by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The wetting angles between water and polyimide films modified by Ar^+ ion without oxygen blowing decrease from 67 to 40 degrees and surface free energies increase from 46 to 64 dyne /㎠. The wetting angle of polyimide films modified by Ar^+ ion in an oxygen environments decrease to 12 degree and surface free energy increase to 72 dyne /㎠. Polyimide surface was modified with various gas environments and ions. Lowest wetting angle was obtained by oxygen ion irradiation in an oxygen gas environment and its value was 8°. In the case of polyimide film modified by Ar^+ ions in an oxygen environment, the wetting angle increase up to 65° when it kept in air and that increase up to 46° when it kept in water after 110 hour. In the case of polyimide film modified by O^+ ions in an oxygen environment, however, the wetting angle of polyimide film dose not increase. From the x-ray photoelectron analysis, it is found that the chemical bonds between polyimide components are severed by ion irradiation and hydrophilic groups such as (C=O)-(ON)-, COH and (C=O)-C are formed by the reaction between newly formed radicals and blowing oxygen. I t was found that the adhesion between Cu and polyimide modified by ion assisted reaction was improved, and the main reason of the enhanced adhesion is due to the reaction between Cu and C-O groups formed by ion assisted reaction on the polyimide surface.

Multiplex PCR 기법 및 면역확산법을 이용한 Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae 의 혈청형 분류에 관한 연구

이정희,정종율,전용수,석호봉 한국축산학회 1999 한국축산학회지 Vol.41 No.3

This experiment was carried out for serotyping and detection of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolated from pig samples using PCR technique and immunodiffusion test. The isolates were previously identified by biochemical reaction and SDS-PAGE test. The special DNA genes were amplified by multiplex PCR designed with four pairs of oligonucleotide primers using ApxIA, ApxIB, ApxⅡA. ApxⅢA toxin genes, and compared with reference strains of A. pleuropneumoniae. These strains were also serotyped by immunodiffusion test with materials extracted from outer membrane protein(OMP) and lipopolysacchride(LPS) of the bacterial cells. A total of 99 A. pleuropneumoniae from 640 normal lung samples of slaughter house and 162 abnormal cases of pig farms were isolated(12.3%). These isolates alike reference strains showed positive reactions-NAD requirement, hemolysis, CAMP test and Gram staining. OMP patterns by the SDS-PAGE analysis were unclear among serogroups but likely supposed to present relevant bands between 39kDa and 44kDa. Serotype 2, 4, 5. 6 and 7 by immunodiffusion test reacted with their specific antisera, but no other types reacted with them. Twelve reference strains of A. pleuropneumoniae amplified by multiplex PCR were divided into the five serogroups-first group belongs to serotype 1, 5, 9 and 1l. second to 2, 4, 6 and 8, third to 3, fourth to 10, and fifth to 7 and 12, respectively. Among 99 A. pleuropneumoniae isolated, fourty-five were detected as serotype 2(45.4%) and fifty-four as serotype 5(54.6%) by amplified multiplex PCR technique.

Evaluation of a diagnostic ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT strategy for differentiating benign from malignant retroperitoneal soft-tissue masses

Lim, C.H.,Seok, H.Y.,Hyun, S.H.,Moon, S.H.,Cho, Y.S.,Lee, K.-H.,Kim, B.-T.,Choi, J.Y. Elsevier 2019 Clinical radiology Vol.74 No.3

<P><B>AIM</B></P> <P>To investigate the optimal combined 2-[<SUP>18</SUP>F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-<SMALL>D-</SMALL>glucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) diagnostic criteria for distinguishing between benign and malignant retroperitoneal soft-tissue masses (RPMs).</P> <P><B>MATERIALS AND METHODS</B></P> <P>A total of 74 patients (M:F=34:40; age, 53±13.2 years) who underwent FDG PET/CT for the initial work-up of RPMs were included. The maximum standardised uptake value (SUV<SUB>max</SUB>), tumour size, presence of fat or calcifications and separated hypermetabolic lesions were included as PET/CT diagnostic parameters. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare the diagnostic performance.</P> <P><B>RESULTS</B></P> <P>The final pathological diagnoses included 52 malignant and 22 benign tumours. High SUV<SUB>max</SUB> (>4.8) and large size (>13 cm) favoured malignancy, and yielded a diagnostic accuracy and AUC of 64.9%, 0.820±0.059, and 68.9%, 0.738±0.061, respectively. In a subgroup of RPMs with a fat component, both SUV<SUB>max</SUB> and size were significantly different between benign and malignant RPM, which yielded a diagnostic accuracy and AUC of 91%, 0.977±0.024 (cut-off, 1.9 cm) and 87.9%, 0.865±0.072 (cut-off, 13 cm), respectively. In a subgroup without a fat component, only SUV<SUB>max</SUB> was significantly different with an accuracy of 90.2% and AUC of 0.919±0.043. The optimal diagnostic flow by combining SUV<SUB>max</SUB> and tumour size after dividing patients into two groups according to the presence of fat showed a sensitivity of 90.4%, a specificity of 95.5%, and an accuracy of 91.9%.</P> <P><B>CONCLUSIONS</B></P> <P>The combination of SUV<SUB>max</SUB> and size according to the presence of a fat component may be the optimal PET/CT diagnostic criteria for distinguishing benign and malignant RPMs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> It is difficult to distinguish malignant from benign retroperitoneal masses (RPM). </LI> <LI> SUV<SUB>max</SUB> is a good diagnostic parameter to distinguish malignant from benign RPMs. </LI> <LI> The best cut-off level of SUV<SUB>max</SUB> is different according to the presence of fat. </LI> <LI> The tumor size is a useful parameter for differentiation in fat-containing RPMs. </LI> <LI> The combination of SUV<SUB>max</SUB> and size according the fat is the best diagnostic criteria. </LI> </UL> </P>

Corrosion studies on Fe-based amorphous alloys in simulated PEM fuel cell environment

Jayaraj, J.,Kim, Y.C.,Kim, K.B.,Seok, H.K.,Fleury, E. Elsevier 2005 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.6 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>In this paper, we introduce a novel idea of using metallic amorphous material as a bipolar plate for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The major requirement of the metallic bipolar plate material is their high corrosion resistance. Owing to its chemical homogeneity, and absence of defects (like grain boundaries, dislocations, etc.), amorphous materials exhibit a combination of attractive properties for bipolar plates such as high corrosion resistance and high strength (∼ about 2GPa). The corrosion properties of Fe<SUB>48</SUB>Cr<SUB>15</SUB>Mo<SUB>14</SUB>Y<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>15</SUB>B<SUB>6</SUB> and of a newly developed Fe<SUB>50</SUB>Cr<SUB>18</SUB>Mo<SUB>8</SUB>Al<SUB>2</SUB>Y<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>14</SUB>B<SUB>6</SUB> bulk metallic amorphous alloys have been investigated under conditions that simulate the fuel cell environment and are compared with those of a stainless steel. Hydrogen gas and pressurized air were bubbled into a 1M H<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB>+2ppm F<SUP>−</SUP> solution at 75°C solution, throughout the experiment to simulate the respective anodic and cathodic PEMFC environment. In comparison to the stainless steel, the Fe<SUB>50</SUB>Cr<SUB>18</SUB>Mo<SUB>8</SUB>Al<SUB>2</SUB>Y<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>14</SUB>B<SUB>6</SUB> amorphous alloy displays significantly higher corrosion resistance.</P>

오염도와 습도를 고려한 고체절연물의 AC 연면방전 특성 분석

김유민(Y.M. Kim),김준연(J.Y. Kim),석복렬(B.Y. Seok),이영조(Y.J. Lee),구자윤(J.Y. Koo),최영찬(Y.C. Choi) 대한전기학회 2014 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10

Wing Rib 최종 가공품 검사 및 출하를 위한 반전 시스템 시뮬레이션

석범창(B. C. Seok ),김도혁(D. H. Kim),김석(S. Kim),이제민(J. M. Lee),모용선(Y. S. Mo),조영태(Y. T. Cho) 한국기계가공학회 2020 한국기계가공학회 춘추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.11

배전급 고온초전도 한류기 절연설계 최적화 연구

석복렬(B. Y. Seok),강형구(H. Kang),이찬주(C. Lee),남관우(K. Nam),고태국(T. K. Ko) 대한전기학회 2006 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.7

In this study, superconducting coil arrangements and cryostat concept design were conducted for the development of 13.2㎸/630A bifilar winding type high temperature superconducting(HTS) fault current limiter(FCL) with YBCO coated conductor(CC) wire. The coil consists of several layers with unique non-inductive solenoid winding method. Six types of HTS coil arrangements were investigated for the optimal insulation design of HTS FCL. And, conceptual design of cryostat was conducted for the decrement of thermal invasion and the prevention of low voltage insulation breakdown in the LHe which is used as pressurization gas in sub-cooling condition of liquid nitrogen(LN2). As the results, it was found that the modified suspended type cryostat with horizontal coil arrangement is beneficial to the insulation design of 13.2㎸ level bifilar winding type HTS FCL.